Ndizosatheka kufotokoza mitundu mitundu masauzande ambiri a mitundu ya mavwende. Amakula paliponse, ku England ndi dera la Leningrad pali mitundu yawo yankhulo. Inde, pankhani ya kutsekemera ndi kukoma kwake, ali kutali ndi mitundu ya Turkmen ndi Uzbek, yomwe imadziwika padziko lonse lapansi ngakhale kutumizidwa kunja. Komabe, obereketsa amapanga chipatso cha mbewu ya thermophilic kulikonse komwe kuli malo obiriwira.
Momwe mungadziwire mitundu yosiyanasiyana
Mbali yoyamba yomwe idalola kukula kwa mavwende inali masiku a kucha:
- kopitilira muyeso, wosakanizidwa ndi kusasamba osakwana masiku 60;
- kucha, kusasitsa masiku 60-70 ndi shuga. kuyambira 8 mpaka 15%;
- pakati pa nyengo, iwo amalavulira kwa masiku 75-100, shuga mwa iwo ndi 14-15%.;
- yophukira-yozizira, zipse masiku 95-100, okoma kwambiri, opepuka, akulu;
- chisanu, chachikulu, mpaka makilogalamu 30 kulemera, shuga mpaka 16%, koma osungidwa bwino m'chipinda chozizira;
Mawonekedwe a mavwende ndi ellipsoidal, ozungulira komanso otalika ngati zikhomo. Mbali yakumwambayo imatha kukhala yosalala, ya mauna kapena yoyenda. Thupi la chipatso limakhala lamiyala, yoyera, yachikasu kapena yobiriwira. Mitundu ina, mnofu wobiriwira umasanduka wachikasu posungira.
Pali mitundu ingapo yamakapu. Ndizodziwika bwino kuti zipatso zomwe zimabzalidwa ku Central Asia ndizabwino kwambiri. Koma pakati pawo, vwende za Uzbek ndizodziwika kwambiri. Izi zimathandizidwa ndi kapangidwe ka nthaka, komanso nthawi yotentha yopanda chisanu, kuyambira masiku 193 mpaka 273 pachaka.
Mitundu ya ku Europe idalandilidwa pambuyo pake; awa ndi makamaka yakucha yakucha komanso yakucha yakucha, yomwe imapezeka kwambiri ndi mitundu ya Cantaloupe. Pakadali pano, ma hybrids aku Europe amapeza shuga mpaka 15% ndi nthawi yakucha zipatso masiku 55 kuchokera m'mimba.
Mitundu ya Melon yokondedwa ndi okhalamo chilimwe
Musanakulitse vwende m'munda wa kanyumba kanyengo, muyenera kuphunzira za mitundu, ndikusankha zonedwe, ndiko kuti, mitundu yopangidwa mwanyengo yanu. Simungathe kudzala mitundu yakumwera yomwe mumakonda kumpoto. Zokolola sizigwira ntchito.
Gulaba melon ndiye chizindikiro cha dziko la melon - Ferghana Valley. Ichi ndiye chimbale chotchuka cha Chardzhuy. Zosiyanasiyana zimadziwika mdzikolo, chifukwa ndizoyenera kuyendera. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa mavwende awa ndi 3-5 kg. Gulabi amalimidwa ku Turkmenistan ndi Uzbekistan. Zosiyanasiyana ndi za kucha mochedwa. Zinthu za shuga zimafikira 15%, zamkati ndizoyera, zowonda. Kuchuluka kwa zamkati kumakulolani kuti mugwiritse ntchito mitundu iyi yamamitundu kuti mupeze zouma ndi zouma.
Cantaloupe melon kapena Persian kapena cantaloupe amatchedwa mzinda waku Italiya. Uwu ndi mtundu wa anthu aku Asia, koma osinthidwa ndi zina. Mtunduwu umadziwika ndi zipatso zazing'ono zokhala ndi nthiti. Zinapangitsa kuti mitundu yobiriwira ya ku Europe ikhale yobiriwira yomwe imakhala yosalala komanso kulekerera kupepuka ndi kutentha. Guwa la cantaloupe ndi lalanje, kununkhira, pang'ono.
Pali cantaloupe ochokera ku Persia, omwe amalimidwa ngakhale masiku athu ano. Iye kwa anthu okhala ku Persia anali chizindikiro cha dzuwa komanso zabwino.
Turkmen vwende ndi mochedwa-yakucha mitundu ya Uzbek. Ali ndi kukula kwa fetal. Nthawi zambiri imatha kuwoneka ndi peyala yobiriwira mumiyala. Ndikofunikira kudikirira kucha kucha kwa chipatso ichi kokha ndikudya. Nthawi zambiri, zipatso zosapsa zimabweretsedwa kumpoto ndipo chifukwa chake ochepa amatha kulawa zokoma, zotsekemera zofewa za mitundu iyi. Utoto wakuda, wofiirira ngati ming'alu umatha kukhala chizindikiro cha kucha. Fungo ndi kununkhira kwa kucha kwa Turkmen ndikosatheka kuiwalika.
Pinapple vwende kapena opangidwa ndi zipatso za ellipsoidal zolemera pafupifupi 2 kg. Pakati pa msewu, vwende limamera kudzera mbande ndipo boma lothirira ndilofunikira. Ngati dzinja lili mvula, mbewuyo imayenera kutetezedwa ku chinyezi chambiri. Zipatso zimatha kuphulika.
Kuyambira mbande mpaka kucha, pafupifupi masiku 100 akudutsa. Peel ya mitundu iyi ndi yopyapyala, zamkati ndizanunkhira bwino. Chomera ndicholimba ndipo chimafuna kudina. Moyo wa alumali wa zipatso zakupsa ndibwino, mayendedwe ndi otheka.
Vwende yobiriwira imatchedwa kuti chifukwa cha mtundu wake wobiriwira, womwe m'kupita kwa nthawi umatha kukhala wachikasu. Mitundu yonseyi imadziwika ndi peyala yobiriwira kapena imvi. Itha kukhala yanthambi kapena yosalala, chowulungika kapena chozungulira. Pali mitundu yotere ku Japan ndi Uzbekistan. Monga chitsanzo cha vwende yobiriwira, mutha kutenga mitundu ya Israeli "Galia-Diamond." Chipatsochi chimakhala chowunikira, ma peel oyala, thupi chobiriwira, chotsekemera komanso chonunkhira. Tannins ndi mchere zimapatsa vwende. Ku Uzbekistan kuli mitundu yatsopano yobiriwira yotchedwa skullcap. Mitundu imamera kokha kufupi ndi Karshi, imafanana ndi chivwende komanso chigaza kunja, ndipo thupi la vwende limakhala losangalatsa kwambiri ndi kukoma kwake.
Melon Cinderella ndi mtundu woyamba kucha. Mbewuyi imalimbikitsidwa kuti ikulidwe m'mafamu ang'onoang'ono komanso m'nyumba zamalimwe. Mitundu yakucha yakucha. Ziphuphu za vwende ndizitali ndipo zimafuna kuyang'anira kukula. Zipatso zake zimakhala zachikasu komanso zosalala ndi ukonde. Unyinji wa zipatso ndi 1-2 kg. Thupi lake limakhala pafupifupi 3 cm, osati lokoma kwambiri, 5-9% shuga, koma lokoma komanso onunkhira. Zipatso zimasungidwa kwa milungu itatu, zimadyedwa pamalopo, popeza zimatsika pang'ono. Chomera sichitha kutentha.
Melon Lada - mitundu yosankhidwa bwino ya Astrakhan. Amasinthasintha nyengo yotentha, youma. Koma m'malo obiriwira, mitundu iyi imamva bwino. Chopangira chofunikira ndicho kusazindikira kwake. Kutsirira kosasinthika sikupangitsa kuti zipatsozo zisokonekere. Ma aphoni a Melon, American ndi downy mildew bush sizowonongeka. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zipatso zosalala zomwe zimakhala ndi ukonde, zomwe kulemera kwake ndi 2-3 kg. Zapulogalamuzi zimakhala ndi shuga okwanira 10%, mtundu wowala wa kirimu. Izi zosiyanasiyana amakondedwa ndi ambiri wamaluwa.
Mavwende okhala ngati chisonyezo chamitundu mitundu ali ndi vuto la cantaloupe. Amatha kukhala obiriwira, achikaso. Ku Ukraine kuli mitundu ina yotchedwa riboni melon. M'mawonekedwe, mavwende awa ali ngati dzungu, amatchedwa "chubby". Kucha mavwende akumwa ndiye mabulosi abwino kwambiri, onunkhira komanso okoma ku Ukraine.
Mavwende a Uzbek amafunika mafotokozedwe apadera. Mitundu yopitilira 100 imalimidwa mdera logawidwa m'magawo 6, lirilonse lomwe limakonda mitundu yake. Madera momwe mitundu ina ya vwende imakulidwa munthawi yachilengedwe imagawika:
- Tashkent.
- Samarkand.
- Bukhara.
- Khorezm.
- Ferghana
- Kumwera.
Kutengera ndi dzuwa, kuchuluka kwa masiku omveka bwino mchaka, kutentha kumakhala mitundu yosinthika kwambiri. Zogulitsa zapamwamba zimatumizidwa kumayiko ena.
Mwa mitundu yambiri, vwende nthawi zonse limakhala torpedo, malinga ndi Mirzachulskaya wamba, Basvaldi wobiriwira ndi ena.
Pali mitundu yomwe kukoma kwawo kumatha kusangalatsa komweko. Zipatso zake ndi zofewa, zamasamba ndipo sizisungidwa. Ena amafika pagome la Chaka Chatsopano. Nyengo yabwino, dothi labwino limapanga malo abwino osintha mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi dziko lapansi kukhala mankhwala ochiritsira, omwe amatchulidwa mu bible. Zipatso zomwe zimakhwima nthawi zina zimakhala zochepa poyerekeza ndi vwende yakucha ku Uzbekistan.
