Davallia - phazi la hare

Davallia amakopa chidwi chake ndi mitsempha yake, yofiyira, yofiirira yomwe imadutsa m'mphepete mwa mphikawo, ndipo chifukwa chomwe adatchulanso "phazi la hare".

Kwinakwake chomera chosangalatsa ichi ndi malo otentha, omwe amafotokozera chisamaliro chake.

Ku Japan, Davallia imapezeka kuthengo ndipo kwazaka zambiri yatumizidwa kuchokera kumayiko ambiri kupita nayo kumayiko osiyanasiyana, ngati mawonekedwe a nyani.

Davallia (Latin: Davallia) - mtundu wokhalitsa, wosawoneka bwino wa banja la Davalliaceae. Malo ogawa zachilengedwe amakhala makamaka ku Asia kotentha, komwe amapezeka ku China, Japan, Polynesia komanso pachilumba cha Java, ku zilumba za Canary.

Mitundu ina imagawidwa kwambiri mchikhalidwe, yobzalidwa malo otsekedwa, nthawi zambiri m'malo obisalamo mitengo, nthawi zambiri ngati mbewu zochulukirapo.

Dzina lodziwika bwino la fern uyu ndi "miyendo ya hare", nthawi zina "miyendo ya agologolo", kapena "mwendo wamphongo", omwe amatchedwa mtundu wotchuka kwambiri pakupanga zokongoletsera zamaluwa - Davallia Canaria.

Davalia ndi imodzi mwazithunzi zokongola kwambiri, zomwe zimakula mwachangu. Nthawi zambiri kusankha kumakhala pa iye posankha mbeu zonyowa.

Mitundu ingapo imakula monga mbewu zamkati, mwachitsanzo, Davallia dissecta, Davallia trichomanoides, Davallia pang'ono, Davallia truncatula, Davallia masamba asanu (Davallia pentaphylla) - onsewa ndi epiphytic ferns okhala ndi mawonekedwe akuda a rhizome ndipo yokutidwa ndi wandiweyani pubescence. M'malo obiriwira, momwe mmera wotentha mulimere, D. bullata - davallia cone - yomwe imakulira madera otentha ku Asia, ilipo. Mu malo ogulitsa maluwa, ndizosowa kwambiri, chifukwa m'nyumba ndizovuta kupanga chinyezi chachikulu. Popeza davallia ndi mbewu ya epiphytic, imalumikizidwa ndi zidutswa za khungwa, pomwe ma rhizomes akuda okutidwa ndi mamba ofiira kapena osalala amawirira.

Mawonekedwe

Pogona

Kuwala, koma kutetezedwa ku kuwala kwa dzuwa, mthunzi pang'ono; nthawi yozizira imasungidwa pa kutentha pafupifupi 15 ° C ndi chinyezi chachikulu (pafupifupi 70%).

Kutentha

M'dzinja amakonda kutentha kutentha pakati pa 18-20 ° C, nthawi yozizira - pafupifupi 15 ° C.

Kuwala

Kuwala komwe kumawunikira ndi kuteteza ku dzuwa. Itha kumera popanda kugwedezeka kokha pazenera lakumawa.

Kuthirira

Ndiwambiri chilimwe, nyengo yozizira, koma nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa nthawi zonse. Ndikofunika kuti madzi ndi madzi akhazikika opanda mandimu.

Chinyezi cha mpweya

Davallia salekerera mpweya wouma, choncho mphikawo umayikidwa pallet ndi dothi lonyowa. Chinyezi chabwino ndi pafupifupi 50-55%. Mutha kupopera phula pang'ono pokha kuchokera pa mfuti yaying'ono, apo ayi malekezero a utoto amakhala otuwa.

Feteleza

Feteleza feteleza wopangira masamba okongoletsa masamba kuyambira Meyi mpaka Ogasiti milungu iwiri iliyonse. Feteleza amatengedwa mu theka mulingo wopitilira wopanga. Osagwiritsa ntchito feteleza amadzimadzi okha ndi madzi othirira.

Thirani

Pachaka kumapeto, mizu ikadzaza mphika wonse. Dothi liyenera kukhala ndi acidic reaction. Dothi - gawo limodzi la malovu owala, magawo awiri a tsamba, magawo awiri a peat land, gawo limodzi la sphagnum moss ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga.

Kuswana

Kubalana makamaka pogawa kapena magawo. Pa shaggy bunny paws tating'ono todziyimira tokha amaoneka. Dulani gawo la phazi ndi chitsamba chotere, konzani dothi losakanikirana ndi dothi lofanana ndi masamba, sphagnum moss ndi mchenga. Zoyikidwazo zilibe mizu, koma phazi logulidwalo silingamizidwe m'nthaka - ingoyikani pang'onopang'ono ndikuyikankhira pang'ono, mutha kuyikonza ndi dongo lotukuka. Nyowetsani dothi ndikuyika poto ndi chomera chatsopano mu thumba la pulasitiki. Chikwama sichiyenera kumangirizidwa, ingowongolani ndi kupopera mankhwalawo kuchokera mfuti yaying'ono kangapo patsiku, kuyesa kupewa chinyezi chambiri.

Tizilombo ndi matenda

Ndikathirira yambiri, muzu umayamba kuvunda.

Chinyezi chotsika kwambiri mchipindacho chimatsogolera pakuuma kwa nsonga za wai ndi subsidence, komanso zimathandizira kutenga kachilombo ka kangaude.

Dzuwa mwachindunji limayambitsa kutentha kwa chomera.

Osagwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kupereka gloss masamba.

Osachulukitsa chomera m'dzinja-nthawi yachisanu, izi zimabweretsa matenda.

Kuti kukula bwino kwa fern, magawo aunikira ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Zomera zolemera zimakula bwino ndipo zimatha kufa - dothi soups ndi mizu sikukula.

Chisamaliro

Davallia amakonda kuwala kosalala kowala, ayenera kutetezedwa ndi dzuwa. Zabwino kwambiri kukula pamawindo akummawa kapena kumadzulo. Zomera zimatha kulekerera mthunzi wina, komabe, kukula kwawo kumachepetsedwa.

Kwa Davallia, wandiweyani komanso wowoneka bwino, kutentha kwakukulu ndi 18-22 ° C chaka chonse. Kutsitsa kutentha kumatha kupha mbewu. Kwa D. Canary m'nyengo yozizira, amaloledwa kuchepetsa kutentha mpaka 16-18 ° C, pankhaniyi nthawi yachisanu imakhala yosavuta.

Davallia amathiridwa madzi ambiri ndi madzi ofunda, ofewa, okhazikika, pomwe wosanjikiza pamwamba kumumaa. Kuthirira nthawi yozizira kumachepetsedwa pang'ono, kuthirira tsiku lotsatira mutayanika dothi lapamwamba. Chomera chimakonda kwambiri kuponderezana kwa gawo lapansi - sichiyenera kuloledwa mulimonse. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito madzi othirira ndi mphuno yopyapyala kuti tisanyowetse mizere yotsekemeka ndikuthyoka mu mphika. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pansi kuthirira.

Davallias amasamala mpweya wouma, chifukwa chake, akadzakula, ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu kuti muwonjezere chinyezi chake - nthawi zonse muzithirira mbewu zokhala ndi madzi ofewa, osakhazikika, ikani mapoto okhala ndi davallia pamatumba okhala ndi peat yonyowa kapena dongo lotukulidwa. D. Canary samvera kwenikweni mpweya wowuma.

Pakati pa Epulo mpaka Seputembala, davallia imadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wothira (1/4 - 1/3 mwatsatanetsatane) pazomera zokongoletsera kamodzi pamwezi. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira samadyetsa - kudyetsa panthawiyi kumatha kudzetsa matenda obaya.

Davallia amamugulitsa pafupifupi zaka ziwiri zilizonse, mu Marichi-Epulo. Monga gawo lapansi, mutha kutenga peat, decusuous humus ndi mchenga wamtsinje, wophatikizidwa magawo ofanana. Miphika ndiyabwino kutenga zochuluka. Pansi pamphika pamakhala zotungira zabwino.

Davallia ikhoza kufalitsidwa ndi zidutswa za Rhizome ndi masamba 1-2. Chithandizo chachitsulo chimapangidwira chidutswa cha rhizome, chomwe chimayikidwa pamwamba pa gawo lapansi. Mizu imawonekera pakatha miyezi iwiri.

Mutha kuyesa kumera spores ya davallium - osakanikirana ndi peat ndi mchenga pansi pa kanema ku 20-22 ° C.

Chenjezo: davallium spores imatha kuyambitsa mphumu.

Mitundu

Canary Davallia (Davallia canariensis).

Amamera ku Canary Islands, Iberian Peninsula, kumpoto kwa Africa. Anzeru, kukwera; phokoso ndilowongoka, lozama, lokutidwa ndi masamba owoneka ofiira. Amasiyidwa kanayi ndizodziwikiratu, kutalika kwa 30-55 masentimita ndi 22-30 cm mulifupi, achikopa; Amasamba mosalala kwambiri, ovunda-ma-rombo, osalidwa, mano. Petiole molunjika, 10-20 cm. Sporangia ndizambiri, zotalikilana, zophatikizika pamwamba; nsapato zooneka ngati gule. Maonekedwe okongoletsa. Oyenera zipinda zozizira.

The wandiweyani Davallia (Davallia solida).

Malo omwe mitunduyi imabadwira ndi Malacca Peninsula, Mala Archipelago, Polynesia, Australia. Zomera zokwera osatha; phokoso limakhala loonda, lamtambo, lophimbidwa ndi sikelo za film. Masamba ndi mapindikidwe apatatu, opingasa patali, 30-50 cm kutalika ndi 15-25 cm; timabuku tating'ono, tating'ono; chonde pa lobe iliyonse ndi sporangium imodzi; wosabala wozungulira, wokhazikika. Petiole mpaka 30 cm, glossy, bulauni. Mitundu yokongoletsa kwambiri, yogwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati chomera cha ampel. Zoyenera zipinda zofunda ndi chinyezi.

Bubble Davallia (Davallia bulata).

Malo omwe mitunduyi imabadwira ndi China, Japan, Asia. Zomera zosatha; kachilomboka ndizodzikongoletsa, yokutidwa ndi tsitsi lofiirira. Masamba amakhala atatu, opanikizana makina, kutalika kwa 20-25 masentimita ndi 15 cm; timapepala totsogola, opatuka kwambiri, mano m'mphepete. Sporangia ali pamtunda wa masamba obzala; nsapato zooneka ngati gule. Maonekedwe okongoletsa kwambiri. Wopangika muzipinda zofunda komanso chinyezi.