Guzmania - zokometsera zokongoletsera

Guzmania (Guzmania, banja la Bromeliad) ndi mbewu yobiriwira ya herbaceous epiphytic yobadwa ku Central ndi South America. Guzmania ndi yaying'ono, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 30 - 35. Masamba obiriwira owundana pafupifupi masentimita 45 amatengedwa mu rosette. Ma spiky inflorescence a guzmania amakongoletsa kwambiri, maluwa m'mitundu yambiri samatseguka, popeza umuna umapezeka mkati mwake.

Mwachilengedwe, pali mitundu yoposa 120 yamtunduwu. Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri pachikhalidwe ndi bango guzmania (Guzmania lingulata). Masamba amtunduwu ndi amodzi mozungulira, moyandikana wina ndi mzake, inflorescence pa peduncle yochepa ikuwonekera kuchokera pamalo awo ogulitsira. Masamba opukutira a inflorescence ndi ofiira owala kapena lalanje, amaphimba maluwa oyera ambiri oyera. Guzmania Donnella-Smith (Guzmania donnell-smithii) amapanga masamba oyera a masamba okutira ndi mamba obiriwira obiriwira. Matumba oyendayenda komanso gawo lotsika la inflorescence limakongoletsedwa ndi masamba ofiira, maluwawo pawokha amakhala ndi mamba oyera. Magazi ofiira a Guzmania (Guzmania sanguinea) amapanga maluwa osiyanasiyana ngati galasi. Kukula kwake sikumakhala ndi miyendo yoyenda, imangotulutsa phuma. Mabulogu ndi owonda, ofiira. Maluwa amatengedwa mu corymbose inflorescence, ndi oyera kapena achikasu. Kuphatikiza apo, Nicaraguan guzmania (Guzmania nicaraguensis), musaica guzmania (Guzmania musaica), ndi guzmania wamiyendo umodzi (Guzmania monostachia) amapezeka akugulitsa.

Guzmania iyenera kukhala nthawi zonse m'chipinda chofunda komanso chowala, koma popanda dzuwa mwachindunji, chotetezedwa ku zojambula. Chomera chimafuna kutentha kosachepera 16 - 18 ° C, isanayambe maluwa - 25 ° C. Chinyezi cha guzmania chimafunika kwambiri. Ndikwabwino kuyika mphikawo ndi chomera pa pallet ponyowa miyala kapena miyala, ndikumwaza masamba nthawi zonse. M'chilimwe, maluwa a masamba azikhala ndi madzi nthawi zonse.

Guzmania imathiriridwa mokulira ndi madzi opanda laimu, kuyambira Meyi mpaka Ogasiti, kuphatikiza feteleza kumachitika kawiri pamwezi, nthawi yozizira mbewuyo imadyetsedwa kamodzi miyezi iwiri. Guzmania sifunikira kumuika, chifukwa maluwa atangomera, maluwa a mayi ake amwalira. Guzmania imafalikira mwa mbadwa kapena mbewu. Mwana wamkazi amapezeka pansi pa mayi. Amalekanitsidwa patatha miyezi yochepa ndikubzala m'miphika yaying'ono (mainchesi pafupifupi 15 cm). Gawo laling'ono limakonzedwa kuchokera ku peat, sphagnum yophwanyika ndi singano pazowerengera 2: 1: 1 ndi kuwonjezera kwa makala. Mutha kugula primer yapadera ya orchid ndi bromeliad.

Zanyalala, nthata za akangaude, ndi nsikidzi za mizu zimayipitsa mbewuyo. Chomwe chimawonekera, choyambirira, ndi chinyezi chochepa. Ndikofunikira kusintha chisamaliro, ndikuwaza chomera chathanzi ndi mankhwala. Masamba oderako ndi kutsika kwa guzmania amawonetsa kuthirira kosakwanira.