Kodi kukonza sitiroberi ndikudziwa wamaluwa onse ang'onoang'ono. Masamba obiriwira okhazikika ndiwo zipatso zazing'ono zotchuka za zipatso zamtchire zomwe zimamera pafupifupi chaka chathunthu - kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa June mpaka kumapeto kwa Novembala, pomwe chisanu choyamba chimayamba. Kukula zipatso zotere m'munda wanu ndizotheka kwa nyakulima wa novice. Koma ndikofunika kulabadira kuti chisamaliro ndikubzala masamba a remontant amafunika kuyang'anira bwino. Mtundu wa sitiroberi wamtchirewu uli ndi zinthu zina zomwe muyenera kudziwa musanabzala zipatso zabwino m'munda wanuwu.
Zambiri ndi maubwino a sitiroberi wokongoletsa
Chimodzi mwamaubwino amtunduwu wa sitiroberi imatha kutchedwa kuti maluwa nthawi zonse, koma chifukwa cha zipatso zazitali komanso zipatso zambiri za sitiroberi.
Kutalika kwa zipatso zazitali zam'mera ndi mtundu wa obereketsa wotchuka ambiri. Wamaluwa adatha kukwaniritsa loto lawo - kukulitsa masamba a sitiroberi nthawi yayitali m'munda wawo.
Ndikwabwino kubzala sitiroberi komwe kumakhalapo maluwa, monga tulips, ng'ona ndi ma hyacinths, komanso mbewu zamasamba monga kabichi, nkhaka ndi saladi zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakulima.
Momwe mungabzalire sitiroberi wokongoletsa
Mutha kubzala mabulosi abwinobwino kuyambira koyambirira kwa kasupe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti ngati mutadzala sitiroberi remontant kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, kuchuluka kwa zokolola kumakhala kwakukulu komanso kwabwinoko kuposa pamene mukubzala sitiroberi mu nthawi yowuma kapena yachisanu.
Muthanso kubzala sitiroberi m'chilimwe, kenako mbewu yabwino izidzapezeka pofika chaka chamawa. Kuphatikiza apo, kubzala sitiroberi m'chilimwe, muyenera kulipira chidwi chake pafupipafupi, nthawi zonse kumasulira ndi kuphatikiza tchire. M'nyengo yotentha, ndikofunikira kuthirira sitiroberi nthawi zonse.
Koma mukabzala sitiroberi remontant mu yophukira, pamafunika nthawi yochepa komanso chidwi chanu.
Njira Zofikira
Mitundu yodziwika bwino komanso yopambana kwambiri yodzala mabulosi abwinowa ndi monga:
- Kubzala mbewu zosatha kapena pachaka sitiroberi.
- Kubzala masamba a remontant m'munda wopapatiza kapena waukulu.
- Mawonekedwe apamwamba pa kubzala sitiroberi.
- Kubzala sitiroberi zonyentchera ngati chitsamba. Kutumiza kwamtunduwu kumatha kukhala mzere umodzi, mzere ziwiri kapena mzere atatu.
Pakadali pano, olima maluwa odziwa zachilengedwe amalingalira kubzala kwa mabulosi abwinobwino kuti abzalidwe ndi tchire la mizere iwiri. Pabedi pazikhala mita imodzi ndi theka, pakati pa mabedi pazikhala njira zazing'ono.
Kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi kubzala sitiroberi remontant, mudzateteza tsogolo lanu ku matenda a fungus, ndipo mutha kudziteteza ku mbande zokulira. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira iyi yobzala, mudzatha kubzala mbewu zingapo m'malo amodzi pasukuluyi popanda kuwononga chilichonse.
Mwachitsanzo, mutha kudzala adyo pafupi ndi mabulosi abwinobwino, izi zimateteza ku mawonekedwe a slugs odana ndi manyowa. Zofunika! Musaiwale kuti kubzala tomato pafupi ndi sitiroberi ndizoletsedwa.
Kudzala mabulosi abwinobwino kuli pabedi lopendekera, lomwe m'lifupi mwake liyenera kuchokera 90 mpaka 100 sentimita. Zabwino koposa zonse, mabulosi a kukonza amakula pabedi yopapatiza, mulingo woyenera kwambiri womwe uyenera kukhala 90-110 cm. Mtunda pakati pa tchire la sitiroberi uyenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 40-50.
Njira zopangira
Mukabzala sitiroberi, muyenera kusamala kwambiri. Kuti muchepetse chisamaliro chotsatira cha zipatso zamtchire ndikupanga nyengo yabwino yokolola, ndikofunikira kuganizira zakuya kwakuya kwa impso zam'maso zodulira pansi. Kuuma kwakukulu kwa impso kumachepetsa kukula kwa chitsamba. Ndi udindo wa impso, mizu ya chomera imazizira msanga ndikudzaza ndi chinyontho mvula ikatha, zomwe zimathandizanso kukula ndi kusasinthika kwa mabulosi abwinobwino. Musanabzale mabulosi abwinobwino, ndikofunikira kuti manyowa ndi kumasula dothi. Pambuyo pa izi, muyenera kukumba mabowo ang'onoang'ono kuthengo, kuya kwake komwe kukuyenera kukhala kofanana ndi 25 cm. Muyeneranso kuthira manyowa pazovala zapamwamba zapamwamba.
Feteleza zachilengedwe ndizoyenereradi izi, kuphatikiza: chidebe chimodzi cha dothi lakuda, magalasi awiri a phulusa la nkhuni ndi ndowa imodzi ya kompositi ndikuwonjezera malita awiri a vermicompost.
Pofuna kupewa kukwera m'madzi mu chirimwe komanso nthawi yowuma, mutabzala sitiroberi wokongola, ndikofunikira kuchotsa masamba onse otsika ndi mphukira zowonjezera kutchire - ingosiyani masamba athunthu otsegula. Chifukwa cha izi, mbande zimamera mizu mwachangu ndikubweretsa zochuluka zamtundu wabwino.
Momwe mungasamalire zipatso zamtchire mutabzala
Mtundu wa sitiroberi sufuna kuyeserera kwambiri komanso nthawi. Ichi ndi mbeu yosavuta kubzala. Koma musaiwale kuti mabulosi abwinobwino, monga mbewu zina, amafunikira chisamaliro choyenera mutabzala. Chofunika kwambiri mutabzala ndi chisamaliro choyambirira, chofunikira kwambiri ku mbewu iliyonse. Ntchito zikuluzikulu ndikuphatikiza kuthilira mbande za masamba obisalirana kuti muwoneke bwino mizu ndi dothi. Komanso kuphatikiza miyala yamiyala - masamba owola a mitengo kapena singano ndi utuchi wawung'ono umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Osagwiritsa ntchito timitengo ta ma coarse ndi udzu, atha kusokoneza kukula kwa tchire tating'ono.
Malamulo a chisamaliro chowonjezereka
Kusamalira bwino mabulosi abwinobwino, mbewuyi imapereka chisangalalo: mbewuyo imapulumuka bwino m'mundamo limodzi ndi mbewu zina ndikubweretsa mbewu yayikulu. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutsatira malamulo osamalira zitsamba za remont molingana ndi mawonekedwe a mbewuyi.
Kusamalidwa kwakukulu kwa mabulosi abwinobwino kumaphatikizapo:
- Kutsirira pafupipafupi komanso kudyetsa zakudya.
- Kudziwona ndi kuchotsedwa kwa tizirombo ndi tchire tomwe tili ndi matenda.
- Kulowetsa dothi.
- Kuwongolera kwa tizilombo.
- Kulima munsanja panthaka ndi feteleza m'nthaka.
- Mmera wa tchire lalikulu, kuti tipewe kuchulukana kwambiri.
Feteleza ndi feteleza
Ndiosavuta kubzala mabulosi anu m'munda wanu: umafalikira ndi mbewu ndikusangalatsa wamaluwa ndi zokolola zabwino mchaka choyamba chodzala. Kuti muthe kukolola zipatso zabwino zam'munda, wamaluwa azitsatira malamulo awiri osavuta awa: madzi ndi kuthira manyowa obwezeretsa munthawi yake.
Mutha kuyamba kumeza manyowa achisamba kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa Marichi. Muyenera kudyetsa mabulosi a feteleza ndi kuwonjezera pa nayitrogeni, mutha kuwapanga mwachindunji pamwamba pa chipale chofewa. Mtundu wachiwiri wovala pamwamba ndi kuphatikiza kwa sitiroberi wa remontant wokhala ndi feteleza komanso michere. Kudyetsa kwamtunduwu kumachitika mkati mwa Epulo. Kudyetsa kwachitatu nthawi zambiri kumachitika mu Seputembara.
Manyowa pachikhalidwe ichi ayenera kukhala osamala kwambiri, osawonongera mizu ndi masamba a zitsamba za sitiroberi. Manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza owonjezera.
Kuthirira ndi mulching
M'chilimwe, masiku owuma komanso otentha, nthaka imawuma msanga, zomwe zimakhudza bwino mbewu yotsatira. Ndikusowa chinyontho, nthaka imathira msanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maluwa azikhala ochepa komanso zipatso. Ndiye chifukwa chake mchilimwe, muyenera kuthirira sitiroberi, nthawi zambiri. Ndikofunika kuthirira sitiroberi pakukula kwa tchire. Ngati kulibe mvula nthawi yachilimwe ndipo kutentha kumatentha, ndikofunikira kuthirira sitiroberi lomwe limayenera kuthiriridwa tsiku lililonse.
Ndi mulching nthawi zonse dothi, ndizotheka kuchepetsa kuthirira kwa masamba a remont. Mulching imawonetsetsa kuti chinyezi chikhale chambiri munthaka komanso kupezeka kwa mizu yazomera kuti pakhale mpweya wabwino.
Kukonzekera kwa mabulosi achabechabe kwa nyengo yachisanu
Kusamalidwa kwa mabulosi abwinobwino m'dzinja, ndikukonzekera kwazaka izi nthawi yachisanu ndi njira yofunika kwambiri.
Zigawo zikuluzikulu za chisamaliro chokakamiza cha masamba a remont m'dzinja:
- Kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono kuthirira ndi njira zaukhondo pokonzera zitsamba (kudulira masamba odwala kapena owonongeka, komanso kudulira kwa ndevu). Zokolola ndi mtundu wa sitiroberi remontant chaka chamawa zimatengera izi.
- M'nyengo yozizira, mbali imodzi ya masamba a masamba obiriwira amafa ndikugwa. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu yonse ya tizirombo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda imayamba mumasamba otsika. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake ndi kuyamba kwa kasupe ndikofunikira kuchotsa masamba onse akufa m'mabedi. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti izi zimayenera kuchitika pokhapokha chisanu chikutha, chisanu chikamakula.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Masisitere obwerera kwathunthu amakhala ndi chidwi ndi tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Nayi matenda ena omwe amatha kuonedwa mu mbewu yopatsidwa:
- Powdery Mildew
- Gray zowola.
- Tsinde nematode.
- Kuchulukana kwa tsamba.
- Mochedwa.
Pazakudya zonsezi komanso matenda, mutha kugula mankhwala ambiri ogwira ntchito m'sitolo. Ntchito yonse yothandizira zitsamba komanso chithandizo cha zitsamba iyenera kuchitika pambuyo pophunzira zowawa za malangizo okonzekera. Pambuyo pokonza ntchito, musadye zipatso za masamba a remontant chakudya chokwanira masiku angapo.
Chifukwa chake, sitiroberi yokonzanso ndikosavuta kubzala ndi kusamalira, ngati itachita bwino, mbewuyi imabweretsa mbewu yayikulu yapamwamba chaka chonse.
