Maonekedwe a saffflower nthawi zambiri amafananizidwa ndi nthula kapena artichoke, ngakhale kuti chilimwe sichimakhala chonama. Kungoti zoopsa zake, zowala za moto zomwe zimakumbutsa mitu yayikulu ya banja losakonda alendo. Safflower adatchuka kwambiri ngati chomera chofunikira kwambiri cholimidwa kuzungulira padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa cha mafuta ndi utoto wachilengedwe. Koma zokongoletsera zake sizinakope chidwi nthawi yomweyo. Safflower siifanana ndi mbewu zambiri zam'munda, zosalemekeza komanso zolimba. Ndipo kukula kwake kwakukulu kumasiyanitsa chomeracho ngakhale pakati paminda yowoneka bwino kwambiri.
Kukongoletsa utoto, safironi yaku America, safuroni wamtchire, nthula wokuta (Carthamus tinctorius).
Safflower ndimakonda kwambiri pakati pa azikhalidwe zamankhwala
Safflower lero amatha kupezeka pansi pa dzina lake lovomerezeka - Cartamus (carthamu) Chomera chake chidalandila zomwe zili mwapadera wazithunzi za utoto Wopanga utoto. Utoto wachilengedwe komanso wowala, womwe umakhala wachikaso owoneka bwino posakanikirana ndi madzi komanso wofiyira owoneka bwino m'makanidwe amowa, umatsimikiziranso mtundu wowopsa wa inflorescences ya safffer. Ndi utoto uwu womwe umakongoletsa zovala za amonke Achibuda. Koma osati maluwa okha ndi chidwi chomera ichi.
Monga chomera cholimidwa, mtundu umodzi wokha wa saffflower umakula - utoto wa utoto (carthamus tinctorius), ngakhale kuthengo zilipo zoposa khumi ndi ziwiri zamtunduwu.
Ma safflowers pamunda wamtunda wapamwamba amatha kutalika kwa mita. Koma mainchesi a tchire cha chilimwechi ndi ochulukirapo: masentimita 30 mpaka 35. Tsinde lokhazikika lomwe limakhala ndi zoyera ndi buluzi, wonyezimira, wokhala ndi masamba osalala okhala pansi pamitengo imayambitsa mayanjano ndi mbewu zaminda zosiyanasiyana.
Kunja, mbewuyi ndiyotani kufanana ndi nthula kapena ma artichok, koma msipu wake ndi wowala komanso wopambana. Ndipo kukhalapo kwa minga yakuthwa yomwe imateteza chomera ndikuipatsanso kulimba mtima, sikuletsa kukopa kwa zobiriwira. Komanso, saffaini, yomwe imagawidwa ngati chomera chokongoletsera, komanso makamaka yopangidwira kudula mitundu, siyabwino kwambiri kuposa achibale awo. Mipira yamtundu wa inflorescences-safflower imafikira masentimita 3-4. Chingwe, "mafini" amtunduwu amawapatsa mawonekedwe ofanana ndi ma pompons, ndipo mawonekedwe a mpira wozungulira amawoneka ngati osasangalatsa pazama kumbuyo kwa ma grickly amadyera.
Kutalika kwa pachimake pa saflowerer sikungapikisane ndi apulogalamu am'maluwa, koma chimakwirira pafupifupi chilimwe chonse. Mtengo woyamba wa maluwa otentha umayambika mu June; maluwa akutalika kwambiri mu Julayi-August. Safflower akuwoneka kuti akupatsa batoni yamoto kuma korona amitengo ndi zitsamba, kuzimiririka kuchokera kumunda wam'munda ndi chiyambi cha marathon a mitundu.
Zojambula patali.
Utoto wonyezimira bwino umaphatikizapo mithunzi yonse yamitundu yoyaka moto - zosiyana kwambiri zachikaso, lalanje ndi zofiira. Ichi ndichimodzi mwazomera zowala bwino zopangidwa ndi moto, chinsalu chamaluwa, chomwe chimangowonetsedwa ndi miyala yaing'ono yopyapyala.
Kuphatikiza pa fomu yoyambilira, mutha kupeza pamisika yosankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya utoto wowoneka bwino, womwe, chifukwa cha kusankha, alandila masamba okongola kwambiri, okongola komanso pafupifupi masamba. Mitundu yabwino kwambiri yazomera imawerengedwa mosamala:
- "White Grenade", yomwe sinatchulidwe chifukwa cha mtundu wake woyera: Mitundumitunduyi imakhala ndi maluwa achikasu achikasu okongoletsedwa ndi mikwaso yowoneka bwino ya mandimu, ndipo amadyera ndi opaka kwambiri kotero kuti amabisa zipatso zakale;
- "Orange Grenade" - osiyanasiyana okhala ndi kutalika pafupifupi 80 masentimita, akupereka kuyamika mithunzi yonse ya lalanje kuchokera ku kuwala kwa mithunzi yazipatso mpaka matani ofiira ofiira.
Kugwiritsa ntchito sfflower pokongoletsa
Mu chikhalidwe chakumadzulo kwa mapangidwe a malo, safesidi ndi imodzi mwamaluwa okondedwa kwambiri. Ndipo akatswiri amakongoletsa maluwa kuyambira kalekale amayamikira chomera chachilendo ichi, chomwe talente yake imapitirira malire a chikhalidwe cha mafuta komanso kupaka utoto. Safflower ndi ma inflorescence ake okongola amakuliramo maluwa owuma komanso amoyo, amakongoletsedwa ndi nyimbo "zamkati" ndikulowetsedwa m'minda monga zofukizira zoyambirira.
Safflower imagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- magulu akuluakulu azokongoletsa kapinga kapena kufufuta kuchokera kwa chivundikiro;
- kuchotsera kwapadera;
- m'malire oyamba;
- m'malo a zofukiza zamoto pamabedi amaluwa ndi m'malo ophatikizika;
- kudzaza ma voids komwe kukufunika ntchentche zazikulu;
- kukongoletsa minda ndi mabedi;
- chomera chodulidwa, kuphatikiza malo odyera;
- mu gawo la mankhwala ndi mankhwala.
Mabwenzi abwino kwambiri a safiro: navyanik, maluwa akuthengo, oregano, calendula, snapdragon, verbena, wanzeru wanzeru pachaka
Zinthu zofunikira ndi safflower
Safflowers modabwitsa amakhala odzichulukitsa pamakampani komanso chikhalidwe chamitundu ina. Ichi ndi chomera choyamikirira, chosavuta kupeza malo abwino. Chachikulu ndichakuti musaiwale za kuwala kwa mbeuyo. Safflower adzakukondweretsani ndi maluwa okha malo owala bwino, sangathe kuyimitsidwa, kuphatikiza oyandikana ndi tchire lalikulu kapena zofukizira zamatanda pamabedi amaluwa. Dziwani izi: Madera otentha okha ndi oyenera safware, pomwe kukazizira sikungakwiyitse woyendetsa ndege wamkulu wa chilimwe.
Zomwe simungaganize nkomwe ngati nthaka yomwe ili m'munda mwanu ndioyenera bukuli. Kupatula apo, masapulasitiki ndi osadabwitsa pansi. Chokhacho chotsimikizika ndikutsimikiza ndikuti palibe chiopsezo cha madzi osayenda komanso madzi ochuluka pansi. Ndipo panthaka iliyonse yopanda chinyezi komanso chinyezi, safineyi imamera ndipo imaphuka chifukwa cha chisangalalo chanu. Mbewuyi ikukula kwambiri pamchenga ndi loam, m'nthaka yokhoma komanso yosasangalatsa yosangalatsa maluwa yayitali komanso yayitali. Komabe, ngakhale dothi lonyowa litha kukonzekereratu pang'onopang'ono pokhazikitsa ngalande zamphamvu pafupi ndi bedi limodzi ndi chomera.
Zojambula patali.
Chisamaliro cha Safflower
Kusamalira kartamus sikungakhale vuto kwa nyakulima aliyense. Kupatula apo, mutha kumera izi ndikusangalala ndi maluwa ake popanda kuchita khama, kusamalira njira zochepa chabe pa nyengo.
Kusamalika kwa saffflower kumachitika makamaka chifukwa chomera ichi sichifunikira kuthirira. Ichi ndi chomera cholekereza chilala, cholimba chomwe sichiopa ngakhale nthawi yayitali popanda mpweya. M'malo mwake, maluwa abwino okhaokha ndi omwe angayerekezedwe ndi safffer mu kuthekera uku.
Inde, kudyetsa buluziyu sikofunikira nthawi zonse. Ngati munabzala safayilo m'nthaka yachonde (makamaka ngati nthaka idapangidwa musanabzike), mutha kuyiwala za umuna. Koma ngati dothi losauka kapena lakuthothoka, ndibwino kungophatikiza manyowa angapo osakanikirana ndi michere kapena michere yathunthu mumsika uliwonse. Safflower amayankha feteleza ntchito ndi mafuta ophikira ndi maluwa ambiri. Ndikwabwino kuphatikiza munthawi ya kampani yogwira, musanayambe maluwa kapena koyambirira.
Safflower odula maluwa
Ngati mukufuna kukongoletsa ma bouque okhala ndi ma sufflower inflorescence, ndiye kuti muyenera kudula mitu yamoto panthawi yomwe maluwa woyamba amatsegulidwa, koyambirira koyambirira kwa maluwa. Kwa maluwa owuma, safflower imadulidwa pambuyo pake, pomwe inflorescence imatsegulidwa kale bwino.
Kuti safflower ikhalebe yokongola, kuyanika kuyenera kuchitika mwachangu, zomwe zimatha kukhala zovuta chifukwa cha kukula kwakukulu kwa inflorescences iwowo. Mphukirayo ndi mitu youma pansi, ndikulendewera kamodzi kapena pang'ono mitolo, kuti muchepetse kufalikira. Kuti uume safflower, ndikofunikira kupanga zouma kwathunthu komanso mpweya wabwino.
Zojambula patali.
Kuteteza Tizilombo ndi Matenda
Saluwa m'munda nthawi zambiri umavutika ndi tizirombo tina tomwe timayambira mbewuyi - ntchentche za saffelowo ndi ncheku za safflower. Pafupi ndi perennials yomwe ili ndi kachilombo, safflowers amathanso kuvutika ndi dzimbiri kapena tsamba. Ndikwabwino kuti muwononge toyesa, mukakhala ndi tizirombo, onetsetsani kuti mwasinthanso chaka chamawa, chotsani dothi lakumalizira, pambuyo poti zigawo zam'madzi zachotsedwa kale pamitunduyi.
Kubwezeretsedwa kwa safffer
Cartamasi, monga chilimwe china, chimangomwedwa ndi njere. Kubzala mbewu imeneyi sikuti chifukwa cha mbande, koma pompopera pamalo olimapo. Izi ndichifukwa choti safflower silivomereza zomwe zimasulidwa. Mutha kuyesa kuchita bwino kudzera mmera wobzala ngati mutafesa mwachindunji m'miphika za peat ndikusinthira mbewuzo m'munda nawo. Koma njira yotereyi ndiyowopsa, chifukwa ndi safini, mukasinthidwa kupita kwina, kukula kumatha kusokonezeka.
Zojambula patali.
Kufesa mbewu zosefera bwino kwambiri mu Epulo-Meyi. Sawopa kuzizira kwa usiku (mphukira zazing'ono zimagwirizana ndi chisanu mpaka -6 madigiri), koma dothi liyenera kumawotha bwino. Musanabzale, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kompositi kapena china chachilengedwe m'nthaka, kuti muchite kukumba kwa 2-3. Kubzala kumachitika mozama, m'miyala mpaka mpaka masentimita 3-5. Kumera kwa saffflower, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa chinyezi cha nthaka. Chifukwa chake, ndi nthawi yayitali yachilala, ndi bwino kuchita kuthirira. Zikamera mbande zolimba, ndibwino kuzimiririka nthawi yomweyo, kusiya mtunda wa masentimita 15. Popeza masamba ophukira amatuluka palimodzi, ndibwino kuwaza nyemba nthawi zambiri.
