Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino za njira yofesa mbewu yodzala nkhaka ndi mwayi wopezeka zipatso zoyamba kubiriwira zipatso zamiyala yoyambirira kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Ndizosadabwitsa, chifukwa mbewu zokhazikitsidwa kale zibzalidwe panthaka, zomwe zikukonzekera kukhazikitsa zipatso, pomwe mbewu zobzalidwa nthawi yomweyo m'munda zidakali pamera. Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kubweretsa nthawi yopatsa zipatso pafupi awiri, kapena masabata atatu. Palinso gawo lina la kulima mmera: nkhaka ndizomera zomwe zimakonda kutentha ndipo zigawo zomwe kumapeto kwa masika ndi kubzala mwachidule chilimwe kudutsa mbande mwina ndiyo njira yokhayo yoperekera masamba anu obzala, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwa nthawi yoyenera kubzala nkhaka mbande.
Mbande zamango zamaluwa zimakula msanga ndipo patatha masiku 30, mbande zikufunika kuziika kumalo osatha. Ngati njere zibzalidwa poyambirira, pamakhala chiopsezo "chofutukula" mbewu zakunyumba, kenako zimalekerera bwino kukazika ndipo nthawi zonse sizikhala mizu.
Nthawi yomwe mungayambe kubzala nkhaka za mbande zimatengera zinthu zingapo, monga:
- nyengo;
- malo olimirirako;
- mitundu ya nkhaka, ndipo makamaka - nthawi yakucha mbewu.
Zovuta pa nyengo yofesa
Kulima nkhaka kumwera komanso kumpoto ndikosiyana kwambiri. Ngati chakumwera chakumwera, kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachilimwe komanso nthawi yayitali kwambiri, kufesa mbewu kuti mbande zitheke kumapeto kwa February, ndiye kuti pakatikati pa Russia simuyenera kuyamba kubzala April, ndipo ku Siberia ngakhale pambuyo pake, ndibwino kudikira mpaka Meyi.
Zambiri zofesa mbande zokulira nkhaka m'munda komanso potentha
Chosafunikira kwenikweni ndichakuti mtsogolomo nkhaka mbande adzaaziika. Ndi ulimi wobiriwira, makamaka ngati malowa atenthedwa, masiku obzala sachita mbali yofunika. Koma pokhapokha mbewu zikafesedwa pabedi, nyengo iyenera kukumbukiridwa.
Sikovuta kuwerengera nthawi yofesa: ndikutheka kubzala mbande zamatchu m'malo osabereka kale kuposa pamene dziko lapansi limawunda pang'ono mpaka madigiri 15, ndipo mlengalenga - kuchokera pa madigiri 20. Pakadali pano, mbande izikhala ndi zaka zosaposa mwezi umodzi. Mwathunthu, ngati kutentha kwokhazikika kukafika kumapeto kwa Meyi, ndiye kuti mbewuzo zibzalidwe kumapeto kwa Epulo.
Timalingalira nthawi yopanda zipatso
Inde, masamba oyamba nthawi zonse amakhala osangalatsa kwambiri, koma kuti mudzadzipatse nokha ndi nkhaka isanayambike nthawi yophukira, ndibwino kubzala mitundu ingapo ndi zipatso zosiyanasiyana. Poterepa, nkoyenera kuyang'anira kuti kuwonjezera pa kutalika kwakutalika kwa nyengo yokukula, kukana kwawo pamatenthedwe amasiyana:
- mitundu yakucha yakucha yamasamba imaphukira miyezi 1.5 mutabzala, pomwe imalekerera kuzizira kwabwinoko, komwe kumakupatsani kufesa mbewu kwa mbande kale, kuphatikiza, ndizodziwika kwambiri kumadera akumpoto;
- Mitundu yokhala ndi yakucha komanso yakuchedwa yakucha ndi thermophilic ndipo ikufunika kufesa pambuyo pake, koma imayamba kubala zipatso m'masiku 55 kapena 75, motsatana.
Popeza zodziwikiratu pamwambapa, kutola ndi kuwerengera nthawi yofesa mbande zamatchi sikungadzetse mavuto ambiri kwa olima, mosasamala kanthu komwe amakhala.
