Ngakhale kuti maluwa ake ndi maluwa otentha kwambiri, Nikandra sakusamalidwa. Ntchentcheyi yokhala ndi maluso apadera nthawi zambiri imadziwika kuti ndi kumbuyo, yofatsa kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zina imakhala yotopetsa. Koma ndikuyenera kuyang'anitsitsa tchire labwinobwino ndi maluwa okongola a buluu - ndipo chomera chikuwululirani zonse mawonekedwe ake osangalatsa. Modabwitsa zosavuta kubzala, Nicandra imadabwitsa ndi kumera kwa njere, komanso kuphweka kufesa, komanso kuzindikira.
Kukula kwa physalisoid nicandra kuchokera ku mbewu.
Papangidwe kamitundu, imodzi yokha yamitundu iwiri ya nicandra imagwiritsidwa ntchito - Physalis Nicandra (Nicandra physalodes) Ichi ndi chokongoletsa kwambiri pachaka chilichonse, chomwe maluwa, zipatso komanso masamba ndiabwino chimodzimodzi. Ndikosavuta kuyika Nikander ngati mbewu yobiriwira komanso yowoneka bwino, koma ndiyopanda pake komanso yosakhazikika munjira yake.
Ambiri a nicandras ndi akulu, amphamvu chilimwe, amapanga ma symbetrical lush ambulla or-hemispherical bush, otha kutalika kutalika kwa mita. Koma chomeracho chili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yotalika masentimita 30 okha. Yoyambitsidwa ndi zitsamba zazikulu ndi masamba akuluakulu okhala ndi m'mphepete mwaukongolere wokongola kuti apange utoto wawo, ndikupanga korona wokongola kwambiri.
Maluwa a Nicandra saphimba tchire lonse ndi chophimba chakuthengo, koma mabelu okongola kwambiri okhala ndi chikho cha mtundu wa lilac-buluu wowala wokhala ndi kuwala kwa pharynx kumayang'ana kumbuyo kwa korona wakuda komanso wowala. Kuphatikiza apo, Nikandra imamasula mosalekeza kufikira nthawi yoyamba chisanu, ikayamba masamba ake mkati mwa chilimwe. M'malo mwa maluwa owoneka bwino, zipatso ngati zipatso za parishi zimamangiriridwa ndi nyali zowala-zobiriwira-zobiriwira, zokongoletsedwa bwino kuchokera kumabowo ndikulimbikitsa ambiri kuti apange mipando yachisanu yozizira
Ngakhale pali mitundu yatsopano yosangalatsa ndi mitundu yokhala ndi masamba kapena maluwa akuda, malamulo omwe akukula mbewu ndikuzisamalira sasintha ngakhale mitundu "yakuda" yakunja kwambiri.
Nicandra imamera pambewu. M'madera omwe amakhala ndi nyengo yozizira, njira yambandeti yophukira imawonedwa ngati mbewu yabwino.
Nicandra physalode (Nicandra physalode)Mutha kuphunzira zambiri za kukula ndi kusamalira nikandra kuchokera kuzinthu zathu "Modest and undemanding annual nikandra"
Kudzisankhira mbewu ndi kusankha kwawo kufesa
Ngakhale kuti maluwa a nicandra amatulutsa mpaka nyengo yachisanu ndi nthawi yamaluwa chomera ndichitali kwambiri, mbewuyo imakulolani kuti muthere mbewu zochuluka kwambiri chaka chilichonse. Kapangidwe ka zipatso zake kumakupatsani mwayi kuti musadandaule chifukwa chofalikira. Kuti musonkhe nthanga zanu, mumangoyenera kuti nyali zake zipse musanachotsere chitsamba.
Mbeu za Nikandra zimasungidwa bwino, sizimataya kumera osati zaka zingapo zokha, koma kwa zaka makumi ambiri. Kwa mbewu zapamwamba kwambiri, nthangala zachikulire kwambiri, kumera kwambiri kumakhala kotchuka: ngakhale zitatha zaka 5-6, zimaposa 90%.
Nikandra siotchuka ndi ife monga ntchentche zina, koma mbewu zake nthawi zambiri zimapezeka ndikugulitsa. Pogula, ndikokwanira kutsatira malingaliro onse posankha mbewu yabwino - kuwunika kwathunthu pazidziwitso, kusankha opanga odalirika. Mtengo wotsika suyenera kuwopa kugula: chikonga chimakwera bwino, chimapereka "zokolola" zochuluka za mbewu ndipo zili m'gulu lazotentha zotsika mtengo kwambiri.
Nthaka ndi zofesa muli
Nicandra ikhoza kukhala yofesedwa mumbale zamtundu uliwonse - makapu, mumapulasitiki, makaseti. Kusankha makontena kuli bwino malinga ndi bajeti yanu. Chachikulu ndichakuti ziwiya sizakuya kwambiri.
Dothi lodzala mbande za Nikandra ndilabwino komanso limasiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Magawo apadera a mbande ali ndi mawonekedwe oyenera, koma nthaka wamba yamadzilimwe ndi zomera zamkati ndizoyeneranso.
Kubzala Mbewu za Nicandra
Nicandra amafesedwa ngati kutalika kwa nthawi masana kumalola kuti mbewu zikule bwino kuyambira paubwana. Ndi mbewu yomwe ndiyosavuta kubzala, motero, siyofunika kuthamangira kufesa koyambirira, chifukwa, mukafunikanso kuwala kwina. Madeti oyenera kwambiri a physalis nicandra ali makumi oyambira ndi achiwiri a Epulo.
Mukufesa Nicandra kwa mbande, palibe chovuta:
- Zotulukazo zimadzaza dothi pakati, pang'onopang'ono dothi ndikudzaza gawo linalo osagwiritsa.
- Dothi limanyowa bwino ndi botolo lothira.
- Mbewu zimamwazika ponsepo m'mizere kapena mwachisawawa, kuyesera kuti izi zisadzale kwambiri.
- Mbewu zimakutidwa ndi dothi kuchokera pamwamba, ndikupanga wosanjikiza pamwamba pake mpaka 1 cm.
- Zamkatazo ndizakutidwa ndi filimu kapenagalasi.
Mbewu zakumera
Nikandra ndi chomera chosalemera. Chimadzuka mwangwiro mchipinda wamba, koma osati mozizira. Kuwala kowala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya kuchokera madigiri 20 kumatsimikizira mphukira yabwino.
Mbeu za mbande za chilimwe izi zimamera modabwitsa, ndikusangalala ndi nthawi yoyamba kuphukira patatha sabata limodzi mutabzala, komanso bwino komanso mozama - patatha sabata ndi theka.
Kukula mbande za nicandra ngati nicandra kuchokera ku mbewu.
Zomera zomwe zimamera
Mphukira zitawonekera, filimu kapena galasi zimachotsedwa muzotengera ndi nikandra. Zomera zimapitilirabe kukhala zowala bwino, ndikufalitsa dzuwa mwachindunji, ngati kuli kotheka, kutentha kwa chipinda. Monga mbewu zina zilizonse, ndibwino kuti nikandra ikhale ndi chinyezi chophweka komanso chothina, kupewa kupukuta kapena kufinya m'nthaka.
Diyani mbande ndi kusamalira ana nikandra
Mphukira za Nicandra ziyenera kuloledwa kukula mpaka masamba awiri owona awonekere. Zitatha izi, mbewuzo zimasomekedwa m'matumba ang'onoang'ono, miphika, kapena zinthu zina zogawika maselo, pogwiritsa ntchito gawo limodzi la mbande.
Mmera kuumitsa
Musanadzalemo nikandra m'munda, ndikofunikira kuti muumitse mbande kwa nthawi yayitali. Zomera zochulukirapo zimatha kukhala mu mpweya wabwino komanso kuzolowera nyengo yabwino, komanso bwino. Amayamba kutulutsa nikandra kupita kumalo oyera mpweya ukangovomera, pafupifupi maola angapo masana pamasiku abwino. Nthawi yokhala panja pang'onopang'ono ikukula pang'onopang'ono, koma ndi bwino kuteteza mbande kuti isatenge chimfine.
Mbande za nicandra ndi physalisoid.
Tikuyika Nicandra poyera
Zomera zitha kusinthidwa kumunda pokhapokha ngati chisanu chikutha. Nikandra siogwiritsa ntchito kuzizira, chifukwa chake suyenera kuthamangira mu izi. Pakati njirayi nicandra amabzala palibe kale kuposa kumapeto kwa Meyi, ndipo nthawi zambiri mu June.
Kwa nikandra m'munda, malo okhaokha okhala ndi kuwala kowala kwambiri amasankhidwa. Zomera sizifunikira pamtunda, koma dothi lopepuka, lapamwamba kwambiri, labwino komanso labwino lotayidwa. Musanadzalemo m'mundawo, ndibwino kukhazikitsa zinthu m'nthaka, ndikusintha mawonekedwe ake ngati pakufunika kutero.
Mukabzala mbande, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti chomera chimakonda danga. Mtunda wa pafupifupi mamilimita 0,5 uyenera kusiyidwa kwa mbewu zoyandikana nazo.
M'mwezi woyamba mutabzala, ndibwino kuti mbewu zazing'ono zizipereka madzi othirira. Kenako nikandra ikhoza kuthiriridwa makamaka mu chilala choopsa, kudalira chilolezo chake cha chilala ndikuyang'ana nyengo. Ngati mbande yabzalidwa m'nthaka yosaoneka bwino, ndiye kuti ndibwino nthawi yomweyo kumeza manyowa kapena feteleza kamodzi pamwezi. Kudyetsa sikofunikira m'nthaka yazakudya. Nicandra safuna kudulira kapena chisamaliro china, ndipo nicandra samadwala tizirombo kapena matenda. Pambuyo posachedwa chisanu, chomeracho chimangochotsedwa pamabedi a maluwa ndi ensembles.
Njira Zina Zofotokozera za Nicandra
Chilimwe chino, monga ambiri mwa "ogwira nawo ntchito", amadzipatsa yekha zipatso zambiri, ndipo mbewu zazing'ono zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mbewu.
Nicandra ikhoza kufesedwa munthaka. Koma popeza mmera umaphukira kale mu Julayi, ndikusankha, maluwa akuyamba kwambiri, ndipo tchire silikufika kwathunthu ndikufunika kukongoletsa. Nicandra ikhoza kufesedwa pansi mu Meyi kapena Epulo pogona, mbewu zingapo pabowo patali masentimita 40 mpaka 50. Mbewuzo zimadulidwa, ndikusiya chomera champhamvu kwambiri.
