M'chilimwe chonse, ndipo ngakhale nthawi yachisanu, chomera chomera cha jasmine chimamasula ndi maluwa oyera okhala ndi nyenyezi. Ndi mpesa kapena shrub, pomwe maluwa amatha kumera mbali zonse komanso pamwamba. Nthawi zambiri, jasmine amasokonezedwa ndi marmoset. Koma izi ndi za m'mabanja osiyanasiyana. Fungo lokha limalumikiza iwo. Jasmines alipo pafupifupi mitundu 190. Zina mwazo zimatha kulimidwa m'minda yozizira komanso nyengo yamkati.
Zithunzi, mitundu ndi mafotokozedwe a jasmine
Zomera zonse zimakhala ndi masamba obiriwira tchire kapena nsanja. Masamba osakhwima kapena owuma amatha kumera onse awiri moyang'anizana. Maluwa amakula imodzi nthawi imodzi, kusonkhanitsa zikopa kapena maambulera. Sosi yoyeserera ndi chubu cylindrical imatha kukhala yoyera, yachikaso, ndipo nthawi zina yapinki. Gawo lakumunsi la tsinde la jasmine limakhazikika pakapita nthawi, ndipo nthambi zake zopyapyala zapamwamba zimafunikira thandizo.
Mitundu ya Jasmine
Jasmine woonda kwambiri kapena wotulutsa maluwa ambiri - mbewuyo ndi masamba obiriwira kapena malo obiriwira a liana ochokera kumpoto kwa chilumba cha Kalimantan. Pa mphukira zoonda, masamba a lanceol-oval-mawonekedwe osavuta amakula, omwe Kutalika mpaka 3.5 cm. Pansi, masamba amakhala ndi mawonekedwe amtima, ndipo pamwamba amalozedwa. Limamasaka kuyambira Januware mpaka Marichi ndi maluwa akulu, oyera, onunkhira.
Jasmine Sambak (chithunzi) - duwa la dziko la Indonesia, lomwe kwawo ndi Asia. Kukula mpaka 4-6 m, liana limakhala ndi zopyapyala, zopindika za pubescent ndi masamba osemphana, a ovate. Kokani kapena kuloza papex; pamunsi, imakhala yozungulira nthawi zambiri. Maluwa oyera osalala, owirikiza kapena awiri amatengedwa wozungulira. Limamasamba kuyambira March mpaka Okutobala. Zonunkhira maluwa a sambac jasmine amatha kuwonjezeredwa tiyikuwapatsa kukoma kwapadera. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera.
Jasmine wokutidwa - mbewuyo imasiyanitsidwa ndi inflorescence yamitundu yambiri, yomwe imasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku maluwa omwe ali ndi mainchesi 2,5. Masamba okhala ndi mazira amakula mpaka 6 cm, ndipo zidutswa za 5-7 zimadzaza.
Jasmine wotsika - chitsamba chobiriwira chimakula mpaka mamita awiri kutalika. Masamba a Ternary amakula mpaka 2,5 cm, ndipo amatha kukhala ovoid kapena elliptical. Amakhala obiriwira pamdima, ndipo wobiriwira pansi Pa inflorescence mu mawonekedwe a ambulera, maluwa onunkhira okhala ndi whisk wamtundu wachikaso amatengedwa. Corolla chubu ndi m'mimba mwake wa maluwa - 1 cm. Amaluwa nthawi yonse ya chilimwe.
Jasmine wokhala ndi mitundu ingapo - chitsamba (chithunzi) amadziwika ndi mphukira pang'ono nthambi zazitali mpaka mamita awiri. Masamba obiriwira, amdima obiriwira amakhala akudzuka m'mphepete, ndikuwalozera pamwamba. Maluwa a pinki okhala ndi fungo lamphamvu amakhala ndi masamba asanu, ndipo amakula pamwamba pa mphukira.
Jasmine officinalis - mbewuyo ndi shrub osatha, pamtanda woonda komanso wosalala womwe masamba ophatikizika amamera. Pansi pa tsamba la masamba ndiwobiriwira pang'ono, ndipo pamwamba pake pamakhala zobiriwira zowala. Masamba ndi lanceolate, amalozera kumtunda komanso pansi m'mphepete. Pa Epulo inflorescence, onunkhira, maluwa oyera pachimake.
Jasmine wamkulu wokhala ndi maluwa akulu - chitsamba chobiriwira kapena liana chimakula mpaka mamita khumi, ndipo chili ndi mphukira. Maluwa akulu, oyera amayandikira mu maambulera okhala ngati maambulera. Masamba osiyanasiyana okhala ndi masamba owongoka amawonetsedwa pamwamba pake ndipo amatalika masentimita 3. Maluwa oyamba kutulutsa maluwa mu Juni. Kutalika kwa maluwa ndi miyezi isanu.
Jasmine Holoflower - chitsamba chimasiyanitsidwa ndi kutalika, kutulutsa, kuphukira pang'ono, komwe masamba ochepa amakula. Nthawi yomweyo, m'nyengo yozizira gawo la masamba a jasmine Holoflower. M'makona amitengo yonseyi pamakhala maluwa achikasu omwe amatulutsa maluwa kuyambira pakati pa dzinja mpaka pakati pa masika.
Jasmine Bis - liana wobiriwira nthawi zonse kapena shrub amakula mpaka mamita awiri m'litali. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira amakhala ovoid kapena lanceolate. Mbali zonse ziwiri ndi pubescent, amakula mpaka 5 cm. Maluwa onunkhira amtunduwu wa jasmine ndi pinki kapena amdima pinki. Pakatikati, amafika masentimita 1.3-1.7, ndipo amapezeka awiri kapena atatu pamwamba pa mphukira.
Kukula ndi kusamalira jasmine m'nyumba: chithunzi
Mavuto apadera ndi zomwe zili ndi jasmine kunyumba sayenera kuchitika, popeza mbewuyo ndi yopanda phindu. Komabe, mawonekedwe ena mu chisamaliro ayenera kukumbukiridwa.
Kuwala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya
Jasmine wakunyumba amakonda kuwala kosazungulira. Mwa kulima kwake, sill yakumadzulo ndi kummawa sill ndiyabwino. Ngati duwa limaima pafupi ndi zenera lakumwera, ndiye kuti lidzafunika kutetezedwa ku dzuwa. Pazenera lakumpoto, chifukwa chosowa magetsi, mbewuyo imamera pang'onopang'ono ndipo sizimagwira.
Ndi kuyamba kwa masiku ofunda, mphika wamaluwa ungatengedwe kupita ku loggia kapena kumunda. Kwa iye, malo otetezedwa ku mphepo komanso kuwunika mwachindunji amasankhidwa.
Jasmine akuchepera kutentha kwa mpweya. Kutentha kwambiri pakukula kwake 18 mpaka 24 digiri. Kuti chomera chitchuke kwambiri komanso kwanthawi yayitali, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti chizisungidwa m'chipinda chozizira komanso kutentha mkati mwa madigiri 10 m'nyengo yozizira. Kupanda kutero, chitsamba chidzamera bwino ndi msipu, ndipo maluwa sadzawonekera. Ngati kunyumba kutentha m'nyengo yozizira kuli kokulirapo, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mpweya m'chipindacho nthawi zonse, kuteteza mbewu ku kusala.
Chinyezi ndi kuthirira
Jasmine amafunikira chinyezi chambiri. Mukamasamalira chomera m'chipinda Mutha kuwonjezera chinyezi m'njira zitatu:
- Tsiku ndi tsiku utsi chitsamba ndi madzi oyimirira firiji.
- Ikani mphika wamaluwa pa thireyi ndi dongo lonyowa, kapena peat.
- Ikani chinyontho.
Ngati chitsamba ukufalikira, ndiye kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sikofunikira. M'nyengo yozizira, wamkulu mu nyengo yozizira, jasmine safunikira kuthiridwa.
Mu kasupe, chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira, mmera nthawi zonse umathiriridwa ndimadzi okhazikika. Kutsirira kumachitika pokhapokha pakuwuma mchere. Duwa lomwe limazizira nthawi yozizira limayamba kuthiriridwa pang'ono m'dzinja, ndipo nthawi yozizira limangowonetsetsa kuti dongo silimaphwa. Simungathe kutsanulira jasmine.
Thirani ndi feteleza
Duwa lomwe limabweretsedwa kuchokera ku sitolo mu chidebe chotumizira liyenera kuti liziumitsidwa ndikuikidwa mumphika wabwino. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchita izi masabata angapo mutagula, pomwe chomera chimayenera kuzolowera zatsopano.
Thirani dothi Jasmine angagulidwe ku malo ogulitsira mwa kuwasakaniza mwanjira zotsatirazi:
- kusakaniza kwa maluwa - 3 gawo;
- kusakaniza kwa azaleas - 1 gawo;
- mchenga - gawo limodzi;
- vermiculite pang'ono.
Zotsatira zake muyenera kukhala acidic, lotayirira nthaka. Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kudzikonzera nokha. Mukufunika kusakaniza:
- dongo-sod dziko - gawo limodzi;
- pepala lapansi - gawo limodzi;
- mchenga - gawo limodzi;
- peat - 1 gawo.
Pansi pamphika, muyenera kuthira kaye kagawo kakang'ono ka dongo lotukulidwa, kenako dziko. Chomera chaching'ono chimabzulidwa ndi transshipment kuti chisasokoneze mizu. Potere, shrub imazika mizu mwachangu komanso bwino. Kuzungulira mbewu zomwe zili mumphika kukagona, kugona pang'ono, ndikuthirira pansi.
Pofuna maluwa abwino komanso bwino, mbewuyo imafunikira michere. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wama mineral ndi organics kudyetsa jasmine.
Pakatha nthawi yopuma, kudya koyamba kumachitika mkati mwa Meyi. Kukonzekera njira yokhazikitsidwa ndi masikweya mita imodzi pamadzi 10, madzi akutsitsidwa:
- potaziyamu sulfate - 15 g;
- superphosphate - 30 g;
- urea - 15 g.
Kachiwiri jasmine kudyetsa pambuyo maluwa. Mwa ichi, lalikulu. Minda yodzala imagwiritsa ntchito kapu imodzi ya phulusa la mitengo ndi 30 g ya superphosphate. Mu Ogasiti, kudyetsa kuyimitsidwa, popeza mphukira zimayenera kukonzekera yozizira.
Kunyumba, posamalira chomera chimodzi chokha, ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wapadera wamaluwa. Amadyetsedwa maluwa kamodzi sabata iliyonse.
Chomera chakale, chophukira chimatha kuthandizidwa, kumangirira mphukira kwa icho. Kukula mwachangu kusanayambe, pafupifupi pakati pa dzinja, pakati pa chitsamba, nthambi zowonda, zokhazikika komanso zouma zimafunika kudulidwa. Mphukira zazitali zimafupikitsidwa ndi wachitatu. Pambuyo pa njirayi, mphukira zowonjezera zimayamba kukula pomwe maluwa adzapangire. Kudulira kwa Jasmine Sambak sikuchitikanso kamodzi pachaka chilichonse.
Duwa Lapakatikati la Jasmine - Kubadwanso
Jasmine amafalitsa m'njira ziwiri:
Kudula. Zidula zimadulidwa kuchokera ku chomera chachikulire. Ayenera kukhala osachepera 12-15 cm, ndipo akhale ndi masamba 4-6. Musanadzalemo mu nthaka kuti muzutse bwino mizu, zidutswazo zimathandizidwa ndi "Heteroauxin" kapena "Kornevin." Dothi losakanizika ndi mchenga limathiridwa mu chidebe cha mmera, momwe mumadulidwamo ndipo umakutidwa ndi polyethylene kapena magalasi agalasi pamwamba. Mizu imatenga pafupifupi mwezi ndi theka. Pakadali pano, kuwasamalira kumakhala kutentha mchipindacho + 18C ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse.- Kuyala kwam'mlengalenga. Poto ya dothi imayikidwa pafupi ndi chomeracho, pomwe masamba okonzekererawo azika mizu. Kuti muchite izi, kudula kakang'ono kumapangidwa pachitsinde cha chitsamba, chomwe chimakanikizidwa pansi ndi waya kapena chopondera tsitsi. Dothi lomwe zodulidwa zimayikiridwa zizikhala zonyowa. Akangotulutsa mphukira zazing'ono mumphika wawung'ono, kudula kumadulidwa.
Kudula. Zidula zimadulidwa kuchokera ku chomera chachikulire. Ayenera kukhala osachepera 12-15 cm, ndipo akhale ndi masamba 4-6. Musanadzalemo mu nthaka kuti muzutse bwino mizu, zidutswazo zimathandizidwa ndi "Heteroauxin" kapena "Kornevin." Dothi losakanizika ndi mchenga limathiridwa mu chidebe cha mmera, momwe mumadulidwamo ndipo umakutidwa ndi polyethylene kapena magalasi agalasi pamwamba. Mizu imatenga pafupifupi mwezi ndi theka. Pakadali pano, kuwasamalira kumakhala kutentha mchipindacho + 18C ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse.Zonsezi, ndi njira yina yoberekera imachitika mchaka ndi chilimwe.
Mukamakulitsa jasmine wamkati, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizitsatira Malamulo anayi ofunikira:
- Poika mbewu, onetsetsani kuti mukutsanulira ngalande pansi pa mphika.
- Simungathe kumuyika jasmine mumphika wokulirapo.
- Duwa limayenera kukhala ndi nthawi yopumira, choncho nthawi yozizira liyenera kusungidwa m'chipinda chozizira.
- Chapakatikati, chitsamba chimayenera kudulidwa.
Mudaphunzira zofunikira zonse za kukula kwa jasmine komanso malamulo owasamalira, mutha kusangalala ndi kampani yake kwazaka zambiri. Ndipo mpaka kumapeto kwa nyumbayi nyumba yanu idzakongoletsedwa ndi duwa lokongola, lonunkhira bwino.
