Mwendo wakuda ndi matenda a fungus omwe amakhudza mbande za mbewu iliyonse. Kupulumutsa mbewu yodwala kale ndizosatheka. Ngati chitetezo ku matenda opusa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichite njira zingapo zopewera.
Nthawi zambiri, anthu okhala pachilimwe pawokha amapanga nyengo zabwino kuti kufalitsa fangayi kutha. Ndi kuphwanya malamulo osamalira mbewu, mwendo wakuda sukutenga nthawi yayitali. Kugudubuza mbande kumatha kuchitika chinyezi chambiri, kukhathamira kwa nthaka m'nthaka, kusinthasintha kwakuthwa kwa kutentha, kusowa kwa kayendedwe kabwinobwino, kusinthasintha kwa mbewu komanso kupezeka kwa kukongoletsa.
Kodi "mwendo wakuda" ndi chiyani
Chizindikiro cha mwendo wakuda ndi thunthu lopyapyala komanso laulesi lomwe limatsamira kumbali chifukwa chosowa mphamvu. Zomera zazing'ono zomwe zakhudzidwa zimachotsedwa mosavuta m'nthaka, popeza muzu wake sukula, ndipo gawo lakuda limawonekera paphesi loonda. Popita nthawi, mmera sukulira kulemera kwake komweko ndikusweka m'malo owonongeka.
Kuteteza Mwendo Wakuda: Kupewa
Palibe chodabwitsa kuti akunena kuti matendawa ndi osavuta kupewa kuposa kuwachiritsa. Mwendo wakuda palibe. Popeza ndizovuta kwambiri komanso pafupifupi kuti musamenyane naye pambuyo pakuwoneka, ndibwino kuti muchite zodzitetezera pasadakhale komanso osamupatsa mwayi.
Zonenepa
Choyambirira chomwe kukonzekera kutsata kumayambira ndi kusankha mphamvu. Siyenera kukhala yoyera kokha (yopanda zotsalira panthaka), komanso kuyatsidwa ndi njira ya manganese kapena sopo.
Dothi
Chachiwiri komanso chofunikira kwambiri ndikusankhidwa kwa kusakaniza kwa nthaka. Nthaka ndiye chinthu chofala kwambiri chomwe chikufalitsa matenda a fungal, chifukwa fungus spores zilimo. Asanabzale mbeu, dothi liyenera kupukutidwa ndi njira zapadera ndi kukonzekera.
Mafangayi amafa pamatenthedwe kwambiri, ndiye kuti mutha kuthira dothi nthawi yayitali musanagwiritse ntchito. Ndiosavuta komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Fitosporin mosavuta. Ndi yankho la mankhwalawa, mumangofunika kuthirira nthaka yokonzedwa. Pazifukwa zotetezeka, musasakanize dothi ndi kompositi yoboola bwino, chifukwa bowa ndi malo abwino kukhalamo. Koma phulusa la nkhuni pakupanga dothi losakanikirana ndi kuchepa kwake acidity, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mwendo wakuda suukonda.
Kukonzekera kwa mbewu
Mosalephera, mbewu zonse ziyenera kunyowa musanabzala mu njira yothetsera ya potaziyamu permanganate (osachepera maola 2-3), ndiye zouma bwino ndikubzala zokha.
Kugwirizana ndi zomwe zikukula
Ngakhale mutakonzekera mosamala makontena ndi njere, mafangayi amatha kuoneka. Ndizokhudza kusatsatira malamulo a chisamaliro cha mbande. Zomera zikufunika kupanga malo abwino kuti zikule ndi kutukuka:
- Muyenera kuthirira ana mphukira moyenera: kugwiritsa ntchito syringe yamankhwala kapena pipette. Madzi sayenera kugwera pamtunda, ndibwino kuwonjezera madzi m'mathala. Pewani chinyezi chambiri m'nthaka.
- Pangani kusinthana kwa mpweya wabwino, gwiritsani ntchito nthawi zambiri kuwuluka;
- Pewani kusiyana kwa kutentha kwa mlengalenga, osalola kuti dothi lizizirala, samalani mosamala malo omwe akukula (zenera ndi sill sill), pangani kutentha kwokhazikika kwa mbewu zazing'ono.
- Idumphira nthawi, mbande zobzala kwambiri ndi gawo limodzi la matendawa. Ngati ndi kotheka ,abzalani mbeu yomweyo m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Pambuyo pakupanga masamba atatu athunthu, chomeracho chimayenera kuikidwa lina mumphika wokulirapo. Ndikamadula mbande zake pa nthawi yake, mbeu zochepa zomwe zimadwala zimayamba kudwala mwendo wakuda.
- Osadyetsa musanayambe kudya. Pa gawo loyamba lachitukuko cha mbewu, feteleza wa nayitrogeni amayenera kuyikidwa, ndipo nayitrogeni amakopa mwendo wakuda. Ndikwabwino kuyambanso kuvala pamwamba mutabzala mbande. Mbande zolimba ndizosavuta kukaniza matenda.
- Samalirani kuchuluka kofunikira kwa mbande, gwiritsani ntchito zowunikira zowonjezera kuti mbewu zisatambasuke pofufuza gwero lowunikira. Zomera zamphamvu ndi zolimba zimangokhala ndi kuwala kokwanira, ndipo mbewu zotere sizikhala ndi mantha.
Kulimbana ndi mwendo wakuda: momwe mungapulumutsire mbande
Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa ndi odziwa zamaluwa amalimbikitsa pafupipafupi ndikuyang'ana bwino mbande zazing'ono ndikukula mbande kuti mudziwe matenda ndi tizirombo. Ngati chomera chimodzi chokhala ndi kachilombo chikapezeka, ndikufunika kuchichotsa, ndikuyesera kuteteza ena onse momwe mungathere.
Ndikofunika kusamutsa mbande zathanzi m'nthaka yatsopano posachedwa. Musaiwale kubwereza njira zonse zodzitetezera ndi dothi ndi zotengera. Njira iyi, ngakhale ili yovuta, ndiyothandiza kwambiri.
Mutha kuchita popanda kumuika. Nthaka pafupi ndi mbande yathanzi iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi phulusa la masentimita asanu (popewa pake kapena kusakaniza ndi mchenga) kapena mazira osalala osakanizidwa ndi ufa. Pambuyo pake, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala apadera kapena wowerengeka azitsamba kumachitika:
- 2 magalamu a Fundazole amawonjezeredwa ndi madzi okwanira 1 litre
- Kwa madzi okwanira 1 litre - mamililita awiri a Previkur
- Fitosporin
- Kwa madzi okwanira 1 litre - 100 magalamu a mowa wamphamvu
Zitachitika izi, kuthirira kochepa kumachitika pokhapokha dothi lapamwamba litapukuta. Pa ulimi wothirira, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa anyezi peel kapena njira ya pinki ya manganese pang'ono. Madzi oterowo amathandizira kuteteza mbewu zazing'onozi.
Pakakulitsa mbande za phwetekere, mbewu zodwala zitha kupatsidwanso mwayi, makamaka ngati mmera uliwonse. Zomera zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi bowa (koyambirira), ndi gawo lamtondo labwino, yesani kupulumutsa pang'onopang'ono. Patulani gawo lathanzi ndi gawo loyambitsalo ndikuyika m'madzi kuti muphukire mizu. Pali kuthekera kwakukulu kuti mbande izika mizu ndikuyamba kumereranso.
