Pakati pa zokolola zam'munda, pali zodziwika bwino komanso zodyera bwino, komanso mbewu zomwe zingakulitse ndi kutulutsa nkhuni zonse. Zomera za herbaceous, zomwe zimakonda kukula mwachangu komanso mapangidwe obzala mosalekeza, zimaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wazipatso zabwino kwambiri komanso zogonjetsa zomwe zimapangidwa, kukongola kwa makatani komanso kukula kwakukulu. Koma mbewu zotere zimatha kukhala zachinyengo kwambiri, zimasamaliridwa komanso kusamalidwa. Ngati muwapatsa ufulu wathunthu, mmalo mwa mnzanu wapadziko lonse kapena wowasungira, mudzapeza amene akuchitirani nkhanza. Zokwanira pakati pazomera ndi mbewu zomwe zimatha kuyesedwa ngati mbewu zakupha, zakupha, zotupa. Ndipo onse opanga munda, okongola komanso owopsa nthawi yomweyo, amafunika njira yapadera.
Aconite, kapena Garden Wrestler (Aconitum cammarum). © galu wamtengoAdani aoponya munda
Zomera zabwino kwambiri komanso zochititsa chidwi kwambiri zam'munda kuchokera pakati pa herbaceous osatha kucheza ndi nyenyezi zowoneka bwino sizikhala zopanda vuto komanso zochezeka nthawi zonse. Mwa mitundu yosatha yodziwika bwino, pali zikhalidwe zomwe zitha kulanda zigawo zazikulu m'nthawi yochepa. Aggressor amapondera mbewu zina mosavuta, makamaka mbewu zosalimba zomwe sizipanga masamba akulu ndipo zimakula tchire tating'ono.
Monga lamulo, awa ndi masamba akuluakulu a herbaceous okhala ndi ma rhizomes komanso zokwawa, zomwe amatha kufalikira mpaka patali kwambiri komanso kuti asangokhala ndi malo omwe anawagawira. Ozunza oterowo amatchedwa "olowerera zigawo." Amatha kuwoneka komwe sakufuna kuwaona.
M'malo akulu ndi malo komwe mungakwanitse kupanga magulu akuluakulu azachilengedwe ndi malo okhalamo, opezerera amatha kupeza komanso njira yopangira nyimbo zowoneka bwino. M'minda yolimba yocheperako, m'mabedi amaluwa, m'mabedi amaluwa ndi m'mabedi amaluwa, amatha kutembenuka mwachangu kuchoka pazokongoletsera, maziko osachepera kapena chosungira dimba kukhala vuto lalikulu. Pakupanga kwamaluwa amaluwa, kapangidwe ka minda yaying'ono, ambiri amakonda kupewetsa "olowerera" m'njira zonse zotheka, poganiza kuti ngakhale kuchita kwawo mopitirira muyeso sikofunikira. Zomera zoterezi popanga zokongoletsera zimayenera kuyimitsidwa, kusamalidwa bwino.
Okhazikitsa okongola kwambiri:
Verbeynik mfundo
Verbeynik dot (lysimachia punctata) - osatha siwokongola ayi. Zomera zochepa zomwe zimatha kupikisana nawo mu kukula kwake kwakukulu, ukulu ndi kukongola kwa makatani. Nthambi zowongoka, zopanda mphamvu mofooka zimapangika tchire lakuthwa kuyambira 50 mpaka 80 cm, ndikuwonetsa masamba akuluakulu owoneka ngati mazira pamaluwa am'maso ndi maluwa okongola ngati belu. , ndikupanga mbuto zazikulu zachilengedwe ndikudzaza dothi ndi nkhokwe zobiriwira. Ndipo zowonadi - imodzi mwazomera zochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi mtundu wachikaso chowala. Koma muubwino wabwinobwino mumakhala zovuta zake zazikulu. Chikhalidwe ichi chikukula mosaganizira kotero kuti chimatha kukhala chimodzi mwazida zankhanza kwambiri. Chidziwitso ndichakuti loosestrife amatulutsa mphukira zokwawa zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa m'mapiri ndi kumakulitsa gawo, ndikupanga nkhokwe zowirira. Nthawi yomweyo, akuwoneka wodabwitsa, koma, amauza anthu onse oyandikana nawo ndipo mochenjera adagawana madera omwe sanawakonzekere. Muyenera kutsatira mosamalitsa.
Verbeynik dot (Lysimachia punctata). © Charlotte Clarke GeierZochitika pamtima za Maclea
Maclay woboola pakati (macleaya kamba- - Kukongola kwina sikuli kwa aliyense. Lalikulu, losema, ndi m'mphepete mwa mbale ndi utoto wonyezimira, wonyezimira m'munda, masamba, okongoletsedwa ndi mitsempha yoyera, amatha kukhala mawonekedwe apadera pazinthu zilizonse zokongoletsera. Kukongola kumeneku kumakula mpaka mamita 2, ndikupanga tchire lamphamvu, zodabwitsa ndi mawonekedwe, zimapanga mawanga apadera ndipo sizikudziwa wofanana pakati pa mbewu zazikuluzikulu za herbaceous. Koma nthawi yomweyo, Maclea ndiwukali kwambiri kotero kuti imathamangitsa mwankhanza mbewu zapafupi ndipo imapondereza ngakhale zipatso zosatha za herbaceous.
Maclea cata (Macleaya cata). © Megan HansenNthiwatiwa wamba
Imodzi mwa nthenga zodabwitsa kwambiri za ferns (matteuccia struthiopteris) ili ndi ma rhizomes amphamvu komanso zokwera kwambiri mpaka masentimita 170. Mitundu ya Fern ndiyowoneka bwino kwambiri ndipo imawoneka yachete komanso yokongola. Woonda, othamanga m'mwamba, wotuluka kuchokera ku "nkhono", zotambalala, zopyapyala komanso zazitali zazala zazitali za aii zimawoneka ngati zowongoka. Fern iyi ili ndi talente yapadera yopanga zomangamanga zapamwamba. Koma nkhwawa zake zimatha kuphimba ngakhale olimbirana udzu okwiyitsa. Nthawi zabwino, nthiwatiwa sizongokulira, koma namsongole.
Nthiwatiwa wamba (Matteuccia struthiopteris). © behnkesSumakh Olenerogy
Sumac deer-nyanga, kapena mtengo waviniga (rhus typhina) Ndikosavuta kupeza mbewu zambirimbiri m'mundamo. Kukongola kwapadera kwa masamba a mitengo ya cirrus, mapiramidi a inflorescence ndi mitengo yazipatso ndi chiwonetsero chabe cha chiwonetsero chowala cha yophukira, moto wokongola m'mayilo owopsa omwe amaphatikizira tchire zazikulu izi kapena mitengo yamitengo. M'litali wa korona wa sumac nthawi zonse umapitilira kutalika kwake. Ngakhale mutasankha mitundu yokhala ngati yaying'ono ndikudziletsa kukula kwa mtengowu, utha kupitilirabe kuchuluka. Sumac, yomwe imakonda kukula, imamvekanso m'lifupi mwake popanda kukula kwake, ili ndi mwayi wina wabwino. Chitsamba ichi chimadziwika ndi kuthekera kwapadera kotembenuzira bala lililonse pamizu ndi malo atsopano okukula. Kuyesa kudulira phokoso lake, kudula mbali zowonjezera ndikungopatula mphukira ndi mizu yokhayo kumangotengera kuti kuchokera pachilonda chilichonse chimphona cha mtengowu chimatulutsa mphukira zatsopano komanso zamphamvu kwambiri.
Sumac deer-nyanga, kapena mtengo waviniga (Rhus typhina). © Ivo IvovBamboo
Iwo omwe ali ndi mwayi wokhala m'madera okhala ndi nyengo yofatsa samapeza chovuta kupeza wolima wokongola komanso wokongola kuposa nsungwi. Kuphatikiza apo, kuthekera kolanda mwamphamvu malo aliwonse amtunduwu ndiwofanana ndi mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ndi mitengo yayitali. Koma pali mitundu yomwe ili yoyenera zigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi nyengo yozizira, yomwe, ikakutidwa, imakula mpaka 2 m ndikuwonetsa mwamphamvu mkwiyo wawo - sases (saza) ndi fargesiafargesia) Mphukira zokongola, zomwe zimakula mwachangu, ndikupanga phokoso komanso kutsekemera, zimatha kuwonjezera masentimita angapo patsiku. Koma kukula kwakukulu kwa msungwi kumakhala koyang'ana nthawi zonse: kumakula kwenikweni m'maso mwathu.
Bushy bamboo Fargesia dracocephalus, kapena Fargesia Snake (Fargesia dracocephala). © Ma Demh BernhardOzunza m'munda wapoizoni
Gulu lina laomwe likuzunza ndi zikhalidwe zakupha. Masamba, mphukira, maluwa ndi zipatso, ndipo nthawi zina mizu, imakhala ndi poizoni ndi mafuta ofunikira omwe amatha kuputa khungu, kuyambitsa kapena kuwotcha. Ndipo zowopsa kwambiri zotere padzuwa. Kulumikizana ndi omwe akupha izi kungayambitse kuvulala kwambiri komanso mavuto azaumoyo. Iwo m'magulu sangathe kuyikidwa panjira, panjira, m'malo opumulirapo kapena m'malo otetezedwa, m'malo omwe anthu amakhala ndi mayendedwe m'munda.
5 zoopsa kwambiri poizoni:
Daphne
Daphne Yosangalatsa (daphne), tili ndi dzina lodziwika bwino "wolf bast" - imodzi mwa zitsamba zokongola kwambiri zomwe zimaphukira kumayambiriro kwamasika. Maluwa ofiira, owoneka ngati okongola, pafupi magazi, maluwa ake akuwoneka bwino kwambiri ndipo amawonekeranso moyang'anizana ndi maziko a ma rhododendrons. Chipilala chotalika mpaka 1.5 m, masamba ake omwe amafanana ndi laurels, amapanga korona wooneka ngati kapu ndipo ndi wokongola kwambiri. Maluwa onunkhira, okhala ndi chubu chachitali, amakhala pamphukira. Mbidzi yabwino kwambiri komanso yoopsa imatha kukhala imodzi mwazinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri pakupanga mawonekedwe. Koma mbewu iyi imafunikira njira yoyenera kwambiri. Chitsamba chokongola ichi ndi chakupha ndipo chimafuna kuchisamalira mosamala kwambiri. Amakhala m'modzi mwa mbewu zoopsa zam'munda. Kugwiritsa ntchito daphne ndizoletsedwa pakupanga minda, omwe amabwera kudzamasuka ndi ana ndi ziweto.
Mimbulu imakhala yofala, kapena yakufa, kapena nkhandwe yotchuka, kapena zipatso za nkhandwe, kapena zipatso za nkhandwe, kapena munthu woyipa, kapena wolumala (Daphne mezereum). © samdekHogweed Mantegazzi
Hogweed Mantegazzi (heracleum mantegazzianum) imagonjetsa gawo m'njira yosiyana kotheratu. Mtengowu sugwera m'mundamo, koma umabalalitsa mbewu zake m'malo akulu kwambiri ndipo mwansanga umagonjetsa madera onse atsopano. Koma izi sizitchedwa "tsoka lachilengedwe" chifukwa cha kufalikira kwake kosalamulirika. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mbewu, kapena ngati phula lokhala ndi tchire ndi masamba ake, imatulutsa zinthu zapoizoni zomwe zimakwiyitsa kwambiri khungu, zotsatira zakukhudzana ndi zomwe sizovuta kuthana nazo. Chifukwa cha zomwe mankhwalawa amapangira poizoni, khungu limasandulika kukhala kuwala kwa dzuwa, matuza ndi kuyaka kumawonekera, ngakhale kuyatsa. Ngakhale kunja kubowoleza sikulephera. Chipatso chachikulu cha herbaceous choterachi chimatulutsa mphukira mpaka 3-5 m, kutalika pamwamba pa pilo la zodzichepera, masamba akuluakulu okhala ndi nkhokwe zakuthwa komanso ma inflorescence oyera mpaka ma 100cm, ndipo chipewa chimakwera kwambiri. Maluwa a hogwe mu June-Julayi, ngakhale anali fungo lenileni, saiwalika. Inde, ndipo mtengowo umakhalabe wokongola mpaka chisanu.
Hogweed Mantegazzi (Heracleum mantegazzianum). © naturguckerWrestler
Mosiyana ndi tizirombo "cholunjika" kwambiri, wrestler, kapena aconite (aconitum) sasiya chilichonse pakhungu. Koma poizoni wake ndiwolimba kwambiri kotero kuti umalowa mkhungu ndipo popanda kuwonongeka kwakunja kumatha kuvulaza thupi. M'pofunika kugwiranso ntchito ndi mbewuyi mosamala, kuyesa kupewa kulumikizana mosamala. Kukula mwachangu kapena kufalikira kwa masamba osanjika ndi masamba, osasunthika akamasamba a maluwa m'mitengo yama inflorescence mpaka 50 masentimita okongoletsa m'minda kuyambira Julayi mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Okutobala. Ndipo mitundu yokongola ya phale lamtambo imangowonjezera chithumwa chawo.
Karmichel Wrestler, kapena Aconitum Karmichel (Aconitum carmichaelii). © OldpicrussZonunkhira bwino
Kupsa ndi matuza patsiku ladzuwa kumasiya mbewu zomwe zimawoneka zochepa kwambiri. Zonunkhiramaimidwe) - mawonekedwe okongola a herbaceous omwe amatha kugwiritsa ntchito malire owoneka bwino, kukongoletsa mabedi okongoletsera ndi minda yazomera zonunkhira, ndikupanga mawonekedwe apadera pamabedi amaluwa, amasiya kutentha kwachiwiri ndi masamba ake obiriwira. Kukongola kwa udzu wobiriwira wa mitengo yobiriwira, yoyesedwa, kupanga pilo yokhala ndi mpweya, ndizodabwitsa. Ndipo ndikoyenera kuyesetsa kutsatira malamulo onse osamala. Chomwe chimapangitsa izi kukhala zamtundu wonunkhira zimakhala m'mafuta ofunikira, omwe amatulutsidwa modabwitsa m'dzuwa, zomwe zimayambitsa kuyaka kwambiri.
Rue onunkhira (manda a Ruta). © QuentinMafuta a Castor
Wodziwika bwino kwambiri pazomera zapachaka ndi mafuta a castor (ricinus communis) ndi masamba ake akuluakulu, pansi pa malo abwino komanso panthaka yachonde, patadutsa miyezi ingapo amasintha kukhala "kanjedza" wokongola - mbewuyo ndiyopweteketsa. Koma owopsa samalumikizana konse, koma mbewu. Ngakhale mbewu imodzi imatha kubweretsa poizoni. Chomera ichi sichiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga dimba, ngati chimaseweredwa ndi ana kapena ziweto.
Chomera chamafuta a Castor (Ricinus communis). © Eric HuntMomwe mungasinthireko adani anu
Ngakhale nkhanza zake, okhala m'minda yayikulu komanso yoopsa akadali zida zowoneka bwino kwambiri popanga mawonekedwe. M'malo mwake, ali ndi talente yambiri kuposa zovuta. Pongofuna kuthana ndi olimbana ndi olima m'munda muyenera kufikira pang'ono. Osakana mbewu zoterezi, kuopa kulanda gawo losalamulirika kapena poyamwa kwambiri, pokhapokha mutakhala ndi ana aang'ono. Ingogwiritsani ntchito zomera m'munda wanu molondola. Zikhalidwe zonse zomwe zikukula kwambiri ndizosavuta kupewa.
Mukabzala mbewu zotere, ndikokwanira kukhazikitsa zowerengera kapena zotchingira m'nthaka mozungulira malire a maenje obzala kapena gawo lomwe iwo angakulirepo.
Maclea ali ndi mawonekedwe kumbuyo kwa bedi lamaluwa. © RobNjira yosavuta ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito zidebe zakale, zosawoneka kale kapena zowonongeka ndi zina zazikulu zamapulasitiki. Ndikokwanira kudula pansi pa chidebe kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chamadzi mu gawo lapansi ndi acidization nthaka, kufalikira kwa zowola. Komanso kubzala mitengo ya udzu osati pobowola, koma zidebe za pulasitiki zomwe zinaikamo. Mapulogalamu okhala ndi nkhokwe zam'madzi zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri sangathe kupitilira kuchuluka kwa chidebe, makoma ake amateteza kukula kukula. Potere, mutha kudzipulumutsa ku mphukira zokwawa, komanso kwa mbadwa zosayembekezereka zomwe zimawoneka patali.
Koma mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira inanso. Kuti tiletse nthaka, ndikokwanira kukumba malire kuti mupeze mzere wazinthu zilizonse zopangidwa pafupifupi 50-70 masentimita kutalika mozungulira gawo la gawo kuloledwa kudzaza. Monga cholepheretsa kapena chophimba, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zatsalira pambuyo pomanga kapena kuti zitha kutulutsidwa - acrylic, pulasitiki, zinthu zilizonse zopangidwa ndizabwino. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito slate, linoleum kapena zida zina. Makulidwe ofikira pafupifupi mamilimita awiri ndi okwanira kuthimitsa ngakhale oyipitsa monga sumy, ferns kapena bambo.
Poletsa mbewu zotere popanda kukhazikitsa chotchinga, muyenera kuchotsa nthawi zonse, kudula mphukira zosafunikira kufikira nthaka.
Timakumba dzenje podzala mbewu zankhanza. © Stephen Shaw 
Timafalitsa malire a kukula kwa mizu.
Timabzala mbewu yovuta m'malo oletsedwa ndikuiphimba ndi dziko lapansi.
Kulimbana ndi chomera chakupha ndizovuta kwambiri. Choyamba, muyenera kukumbukira nthawi zonse kuteteza khungu lanu ndikuchita zonse zofunikira zotetezedwa mukamagwira ntchito ndi mbeu. Kwa zikhalidwe zambiri, njira zapadera zimayenera kutengedwa pokhapokha ngati dzuwa ladzuwa. Koma ndikwabwino kusamala kwambiri ndikuteteza manja anu nthawi zonse ndi zovala m'manja, valani zovala zazifupi zamanja. Ngati kulumikizana ndi zomera zapoizoni sikungapeweke, nthawi yomweyo tsukani khungu.
Pakupsa kapena kukwiya kwambiri, musadziderere. Mukakumana ndi mbewu zowopsa za m'munda, kuiwala za malamulo otetezeka ndikuphwanya malamulo onse pozula kapena kudulira, pitani kuchipatala msanga. Mu zida zoyambira yoyamba, ndikofunikira kusunga chithandizo chamankhwala othandizira komanso othandizira, omwe, chifukwa cha vasoconstrictor zotsatira, athandizira kuchepetsa malo omwe akukhudzidwa. Komabe, ndi mkwiyo uliwonse pakhungu, muyenera kufunafuna thandizo la akatswiri.
