Thyme ndi chomera chamuyaya (dzina lina lotchedwa thyme) chodziwika bwino kumadera otentha a Asia, Europe komanso ngakhale ku Africa. Ili ndi mitundu pafupifupi mazana anayi ndipo imayimira zitsamba zokwawa zokhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono obiriwira obiriwira ndi inflorescence ya oyera, amodzi kapena ofiirira. Ili ndi fungo labwino komanso losangalatsa kwambiri.
Mwa anthu achisilavo, thyme amatchedwa udzu wa Bogorodskaya. Kuyambira nthawi yayitali, anthu adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a chithokomiro kapena chithokomiro chodwala, monga anti-yotupa komanso antimicrobial. Fungo lachilendo la ndimu linapangitsa kuti chithokomiro chanu chikhale chotchuka mwa mitundu yambiri ya anthu. Kupezeka kwa mafuta ofunikira ambiri mu chithokomiro kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi cosmetologists ndikupanga zonunkhira zambiri.
Chifukwa cha kukongola kwake, kusiyanasiyana, kusasamala komanso kuchuluka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongoletsera, chithokomiro chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapangidwe a ziwembu zanu komanso nyumba zam'nyumba zamalimwe. Mukayang'ana m'mabedi amaluwa ndi zitunda za mapiri zokutidwa ndi thyme amitundu yosiyanasiyana, mwadzidzidzi kumayerekezera chomeracho ndi kapeti wobiriwira wobiriwira, ndikutulutsa fungo lapadera la mandimu.
Kubzala ndi kukula kwa thyme
Pali njira zitatu zazikulu zofalitsira thyme zokwawa: kudula, kugawa chitsamba chachikulu ndi mbewu.
Ngati chithokomiro chofalidwa ndi kudulidwa, gawo la mphukira wabwinobwino (losapitirira masentimita 5) limadulidwa mosamala ndikubzala mu chidebe chodzazidwa ndi dothi lokonzedwa kale. Dothi liyenera kukhala lotayirira, lopepuka komanso lokhala ndi mchenga, peat ndi phulusa la nkhuni. Zodulidwa zimabzalidwa pansi, yokutidwa ndi kapu kapena pulasitiki, ndikupanga chonyowa. Ndikofunikira kuthirira phesi molondola, thyme sakonda nthaka yonyowa kwambiri.
Gawani chitsamba chachikulu chachikulire mumachitidwe. Ndikofunikira kupatula chitsamba, mosamala kwambiri komanso mosamala, kuti musawononge mizu ya chomera chilichonse chamtsogolo. Kuti mupeze mizu yabwino, yesetsani kuti musagwedezere pansi kuchokera ku mizu. Ikani malo okonzedwa komanso otentha dzuwa.
Kukula mbande za mbewu kumakupatsani mwayi wambiri wobzala. Mbewu za thyme zimabalalitsidwa kukhala wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha mpaka mamita 5. Kubzala mita lalikulu la malo okonzedwa, 1 gramu ya mbewu ndikwanira. Mphukira zoyambirira za thyme zidzatuluka masiku 20-25. Pambuyo pakukula kwa mbewu ya thyme, zikumera zimadulidwa, zimanyowa (pang'ono, musamavutike kuthirira), namsongole amachotsedwa nthawi zonse. Mu kasupe, mbewu zazing'ono zamaluwa zimabzalidwa m'mapiri a Alpine, mabedi a maluwa, ndikugwiritsira ntchito thyme ngati malire amoyo amsewu wamaluwa.
Dothi la mphukira zamtsogolo za thyme liyenera kukhala lopanda mawonekedwe, lokhala ndi mchenga, zinthu za peat, ndi phulusa. Mtunda pakati pa mizere yobzalidwa uyenera kukhala mainchesi makumi awiri, makumi awiri ndi asanu, ndipo mtunda pakati pa mbewu payokha mu mzere uzikhala wa 20 mpaka 30 sentimita. Zomera zobzalidwa bwino zimasokoneza mzake, ndipo maluwa amatuluka ochepa
Makhalidwe a Thyme
Malamulo osamalira chomera monga chithokomiro samakhala ovuta, koma amafunikira kutsatira kwambiri njira zonse zofunika.
- Pakubzala, muyenera kusankha dothi lotenthetsedwa ndi dzuwa ndi lotetezedwa ndi mphepo. Thyme wokhala ndi mbewa amatulutsa maluwa ndi masamba ochepa.
- Kawiri pachaka yophukira ndi masika, mumasula dothi pakati pa mbewu ndikugwiritsa ntchito feteleza. Kubzala feteleza ndikofunikira ndikadulira mbewa yayikulu yobiriwira. Kutula nthaka ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchitika mosamala, mizu ya chomera ili pafupi ndi nthaka ndipo ndikosavuta kuwononga mizu.
- Thyme ndi chomera cha thermophilic ndipo chikuyenera kuphimbidwa mosamala ndi masamba owuma kapena udzu nthawi yachisanu.
- Mtengo wothirira wa Thyme umatengera kuchuluka kwa mvula yamvula. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa pang'ono, kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka pansi pa kapeti kakakulu pamasamba ndi maluwa kumayambitsa kupangidwe kwa imvi zowola, mizu imanyowa ndipo chomera chimafa.
- Nthawi ndi nthawi chotsani namsongole kuti namsongole womera msanga asokoneze kukula kwa mphukira zazing'ono.
- Chida chapadera chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudulira zitsamba zazikulu za thyme. Kupukutira ndi mphukira yayikulu ndi manja anu, mutha kuchotsa chitsamba chathanzi mosavuta.
- Kumayambiriro kwa maluwa ndikupanga masamba kuyenera kukulitsa kuthirira. Chifukwa chake maluwa amatulutsa maluwa mwachangu komanso mosangalatsa motalika ndi kukongola kwawo ndi kununkhira.
- Kuwunikira pafupipafupi komanso kuyang'ananso ma bus a thyme kungathandizire kuzindikira kuwonekera kwa tizirombo munthawi komanso kuchitapo kanthu moyenera.
- Pofuna kupanga kapeti okhala ndi moyo wokongola pamaso pa chilimwe chilichonse, zaka 3-4 zilizonse ndikofunikira kuti musinthe malo omwe mumabzala thyme.
- Nthawi yofutira chithokomiro sichofunika kwenikweni, ndikofunikira kuchita izi isanayambike kuzizira kwambiri, kuti mbewuyo imazika mizu ndipo yazikika bwino. Kutola kwa udzu wa thyme kwa tiyi wazitsamba kapena mankhwala opangira mankhwala ku Russia kunachitika patsiku la Utatu Woyera. Udzu wa thyme uyenera kupukutidwa pamithunzi, ndikufalikira pa nsalu kapena thonje. Kuphatikiza apo, zipatso zouma ndi zipatso za thyme ndizokondweretsa kwambiri nyama, nsomba ndi masamba.
Ndizosangalatsa kuti ndizotheka kukula kwa chithokomiro chokhala ndi maluwa kapena mabedi, komanso mu nyumba wamba, pobzala mu chidebe kapena maluwa mphika
Timakula thyme pawindo
Kukula kwa chithokomiro kunyumba, simungangokhala ndi zokometsera zoyambirira zokha, komanso zokongoletsera zokongola za chipindacho.
- Nthaka yomwe chithokomiro cha chimbudzi chikupangidwamo chiyenera kukhala chamchere kapena chosafunikira; ngalande, mchenga ndi peat ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa.
- Poto kapena chidebe chizikhala chachikulu kuti chikhale chokwanira komanso chokwanira chazomera.
- Valani chidebe ndi zojambulazo kuti zitheke.
- Chipindacho chizikhala chotseguka kuti chipeze mpweya wabwino kwa mbewu zazing'ono.
- Zida zotenthetsera ndi makina otenthetsera zimapukuta kwambiri mpweya, kotero ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti nthawi ndi nthawi utsi wa chithokomiro chikuphulika kuchokera pa mfuti yopopera ndikuchepetsa kutentha kwa chipinda.
- Panyumba, mutha kukulira thyme chaka chonse. Zomwe zimafunikira ndikubowoleza dzuwa kapena pachipika cholumikizira bwino.
Thyme kapena thyme ndi mnansi wabwino kwambiri pazomera zina zokongoletsera. Ndi bungwe loyenerera la njira yodzala ndikusamalira chomera monga chithokomiro, zotsatira zake sizitali. Nthawi zina mchaka choyamba, zokongola zamaluwa zokongola kuyambira zoyera mpaka zapinki zimatha kukongoletsa malo achisangalalo ndi gawo pafupi ndi nyumbayo. Maluwa oyera, ofiira komanso ofiirira, onunkhira apadera adzakondweretsa eni eni ndi alendo awo. Thyme amasangalala kwambiri chifukwa chakuti limamasula nthawi yonse ya chilimwe komanso mabedi a maluwa; masamba otsetsereka amawoneka okongola nthawi yonse ya chilimwe.
