Yophukira ndi nthawi yomwe phulusa lowala bwino. Mitundu yamaluwa okongola awa ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana - yoyera, yofiyira, yapinki, yofiirira, yachikasu. Kukula kwa inflorescences kumasiyana kuchokera kochepa kwambiri mpaka kwakukulu. Mabasi amakhalanso osiyana, kutengera mitundu: kuchokera wotsika komanso yaying'ono - mpaka wamtali.
Malamulo obzala asters
Astra ndi chomera chomwe chili ndi zabwino zambiri komanso zoperewera. Maluwa awa si okongola kwambiri, komanso odzikuza. Aliyense, ngakhale woyambitsa kumene masewera, akhoza kukula iwo. Pali njira ziwiri zosavuta zokulira ma asters: mbande ndi mbande.
Njira mmera kubzala asters
Kuti mukule mbande zabwino, muyenera choyamba kugula mbewu zapamwamba. Gawo lotsatira ndikubzala mbewu m'nthaka. Zofesedwa kumapeto kwa Marichi - koyambirira kwa Epulo. Mutha kubzala m'miphika yaying'ono, komanso m'malo obiriwira osungika omwe adamangidwa pawindo, ndipo ngati pali wowonjezera kutentha, ndiye kuti nthangala za asters zitha kufesedwa mwa iwo. Monga dothi, mutha kutenga dothi lonse kapena peat, yogulidwa m'masitolo apadera.
Mbewu zimabzalidwa m'nthaka ndikuzama theka la sentimita. Pambuyo pake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuwatsanulira ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate wa utoto wotuwa. Pafupifupi masiku asanu ndi awiri mutabzala, zikumera. Kuyambira pano, miphika imayikidwa pamalo abwino-oyatsidwa, m'malo obiriwira pang'ono mungachotse kansalu kamafuta. Pomwe tsamba loyamba lenileni likuwonekera, muyenera kuthira pansi.
Ngati mphukira zimakulitsidwa kwambiri, ndiye ndikabinya, mbewu zibzalidwe mozama - pafupi masamba. Patatha masiku 7 kulowa pansi pa madzi, mutha kuyamba kudyetsa mbewu zazing'ono. Amadyetsedwa kamodzi pa sabata ndi feteleza wosavuta wogula m'sitolo.
Astra mbande zingabzalidwe m'nthaka kumayambiriro - mkati mwa Meyi. Palibenso chifukwa choopa kuzizira, chifukwa chomera ichi chimalekerera chisanu chambiri mpaka madigiri anayi. Podzala, muyenera kusankha malo owala bwino. Mu malo osankhidwa, nthaka mutagwa mvula kapena kuthirira sizikhala zonyowa kwa nthawi yayitali - kusayenda kwamadzi kumakhudza kwambiri kukula kwa asters.
Sikoyenera kubzala aster pomwe mbewu monga phwetekere, mbatata, ndi mbewu zakumanzere zidalimidwa kale. Zomera izi nthawi zambiri zimadwala matenda a Fusarium, ndiye kuti zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimatha kukhalabe m'nthaka, komanso asters amathanso kudwala.
Musanadzalemo mbande m'nthaka, dothi limatha kukumana ndi manyowa kapena manyowa, feteleza wa potaziyamu (60-80 magalamu a superphosphate, 30-40 magalamu a feteleza wa potaziyamu ndi magalamu 40-60 a nitrophosphate amatengedwa pa mita imodzi, kuphatikiza, 100- Magalamu 150 a phulusa la nkhuni, mutha kupanga ufa wa dolomite. Koma ngati dothi lomwe lili pamaluwa silinakwanitse kwambiri komanso silinalimidwe bwino, ndiye kuti feteleza akhoza kutichotsa.
Musanabzale mbande, dothi liyenera kuthiriridwa bwino, makamaka ngati mbande zikugulidwa pamsika. Nthawi yabwino kubzala asters ndi madzulo. Monga lamulo, tchire zobzalidwa pamtunda wa 20-30 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Pakatenga masiku 7 tchire litabzalidwa m'nthaka, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tifotokozere feteleza wovuta m'nthaka. Pakadutsa milungu itatu kapena inayi, njirayi imatha kubwerezedwa. Pakuuma, ma asters amafunika kuthiriridwa, koma osachulukitsidwa.
Njira zopanda nzeru zobzala ma asters
Njira yachiwiri yoberekera ma asters ndi mmera. Ndi njirayi, mbewu zimafesedwa pansi. Chitani izi kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yamasika, nthaka ikayamba kutentha, ndipo nyengo ikulola.
Kuti muchite izi, pangani mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono okhala ngati m'nthaka m'nthaka, mbewu zofesedwamo, yodzazidwa pamwamba ndi dothi pafupifupi 1 cm ndikuthiriridwa. Ngati nyengo yadzuwa tsikulo, ndiye kuti amathira ndi peat kapena mulch; mmalo mwake, mutha kuphimba mankhwalawo ndi filimu kapena zinthu zina zapadera mpaka mphukira zitawonekera. Masamba enieni awiri akaphukira, mphukira zimadulidwa, ndikusiya masentimita 12 mpaka 15 pakati pawo.
Zombo zingabzalidwe m'dzinja. Ndi njirayi, mitengo yopanda phokoso imapangidwira m'nthaka, ndipo ikayamba kuzizira ndipo nthaka ikuuma, iwo amabzala mbewu ndikuwaza ndi dothi. Monga lamulo, asters, omwe amakula pambewu zofesedwa mu kugwa, sangatengeke ndi matenda, amakhala olimba komanso olimba.
Mitundu yambiri ya asters imabala mbewu zabwino. Mutha kutola mbewu kuchokera ku mitundu yomwe mumakonda ndikuwoka. Kuti muchite izi, dikirani mpaka mafeleroni onse athere, pakati pa inflorescence amdima, ndipo mawonekedwe a fluff pakati. Chotsani izi inflorescence ndikusiya m'malo owuma mpaka mutayima kwathunthu. Mbewu za asters sizisungidwa motalika kwambiri.
Pambuyo pazaka 1-2, kumera kwawo kumatha. Kotero pobzala ndibwino kuti mutenge mbewu zatsopano.
