Kodi kukula lavenda kuchokera kwa mbewu?

Lavender ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri, zomwe zimawonedwa nthawi imodzi komanso zapamwamba komanso chilengedwe. Ngakhale lavenda ya Mediterranean, idachokera kalekale. Ndipo ngakhale pali mtundu umodzi wokha womwe ungadzitamande chifukwa cha kukhathamira kwa nyengo yachisanu, ndizosatheka kungoganiza munda umodzi wamakono wopanda lavenda. Koma kutchuka sikunakhudze kwambiri mtengo wolima mwakuthupi, chifukwa chomwe wamaluwa akuganiza kwambiri chomera chokha. Njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri - kulima lavenda kuchokera kwa mbewu - siyitchedwa kuti yovuta kwambiri.

Lavender pa maluwa. © José Picayo

Lavender (Lavandula) pakati msewu wakumpoto ndi kumpoto kuyimiriridwa ndi mtundu umodzi wokha wolimbana ndi chisanu - lavenda chingerezi, kapena lavenda yopapatiza (Lavandula angustifolia) Ichi ndi chitsamba chosatha chokhala ndi mphukira zingapo m'munsi, chophimbidwa ndi masamba osalala a siliva. Maluwa apakatikati abuluu kapena a lilac lavender amasonkhanitsidwa mumaluwu ofukiza a spikelets ochepa a korona opanda masamba. Lavender onunkhira bwino, owala, opukutira, yokongola modabwitsa, amadziwika poyamba. Chingelezi cha Chingelezi chamasaluwa nthawi yamaluwa chimamasula mkatikati mwa chilimwe.

Pakuswana, zonse zopendekera ndi mitundu ina ya lavenda ali ofanana. Mosatengera kuchuluka kwa kuuma kwa nyengo yachisanu, oimira mtundu wa Lavandula amasunga zomwe zimachitika ndipo amasiyana mwatsatanetsatane - kukula kwa masamba ndi maluwa. Lavender, kupatula, ndikosavuta kufalitsa masamba: Zomera zimapereka udzu wambiri, zokhazokha ndi zodulidwazika mizu. Koma mwanjira iyi mutha kungopeza lavender amitundu ndi mitundu yomwe muli nayo kale kapena yomwe ilipo pamsika (ndipo mitundu yachilendo yokhala ndi mtundu wosangalatsa ndi mitundu yosadziwika, monga lamulo, sizofala). Ndipo kuchuluka kwa "ana" nthawi zonse kumakhala kochulukirapo kapena kocheperako. Ngati mukufuna kukulitsa mtundu wina wa lavenda ndikupeza mbande zochulukirapo, kupatula nthawi ndi ndalama, ndiye kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yotchuka, yomwe yakhala yovuta, njira yokulitsira lavenda kuchokera kumbewu. Mwakuchita, kufalitsa mbewu ya lavenda sikuli kopusitsa konse, chifukwa zovuta zokhazokha - stratization - zimagonjetsedwa mophweka.

Kudzikongoletsa kwa njere za lavenda ndi kusankha kwawo kufesa

Mukamasankha mbewu za lavenda, samalani mwachidwi pamtengo ndi wopanga. Gulani lavenda kokha kuchokera kumakampani omwe mumawakhulupirira komanso othandizira omwe mumawakhulupirira, omwe ali ndi phale la zomera zokongoletsera komanso gulu la oimira osati zongopeka zokha, komanso ena osatha. Kumbukirani kuti nthangala za lavenda sizingakhale zotsika mtengo kwambiri: nthangala zotsika mtengo zimatha kudabwitsidwa mosiyanasiyana ndi "kulowetsa" mtundu wina m'malo mwatsopano. Onetsetsani kuti mwadziwa za wopanga, momwe zimagwirira ntchito, zomwe zimafesedwa kale.

Mutha kusonkhanitsa nthanga nokha, mwa kugula kapena kusonkhanitsa maluwa okhazikika bwino, kupanga timagulu ta lavenda ndipo mutatha kuyanika, kusungitsa mbewu zazing'ono komanso zonunkhira.

Mbeu za lavenda kwa nthawi yayitali kuti zimere. Sakuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano konse, ngakhale atatha zaka 5 azibwera limodzi mukutsatira malamulo onse aukadaulo waulimi. Ndipo chachikulu ndichofunika kusungidwa kwa njere: ziyenera kusungidwa mumtsuko womata.

Mbewu za lavenda. © Wodala & Woyenera

Kudzimbidwa kwa Mbewu za Lavender

Mbewu za lavenda zimafunikira stratation, kapena m'malo mozizira stratation. Popanda mankhwala ozizira, sadzauka, ndipo mphamvu ya kutentha kotsika imayenera kukhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali. Kutengera njira ndi nthawi yogwirira ntchito, pali njira ziwiri zokulitsira lavenda kuchokera ku mbewu:

1. Stratation opanga, kudziwana ndi kuzizira musanafesere.
2. Stratation zachilengedwe, kufesa nthawi yozizira kuti idutse nyengo yozizira kale m'nthaka.

Nthawi yocheperako yophatikizira mbewu za lavenda ndi miyezi 1.5 (kapena osachepera masiku 30 mpaka 40). Ngati kupangika kungatenge nthawi yayitali, kungokhudza kuchuluka kwa mphukira ndi kuchuluka kwa kumera.

Stratation opanga ndibwino kunyamula osati m'matumba, koma kusakaniza mbewu za lavenda ndi mchenga kapena gawo lapansi. Kudzaza chidebe ndi chosakanikacho, chimakulungidwa ndi filimu kapena yokutidwa ndi chivindikiro (mutha kudzaza osakaniza ndi matumba apulasitiki omata). Mbewu zimatumizidwa kuti kuzizireke kwa masabata 6-8 pa kutentha kwa madigiri 5. Simufunikanso kuwumitsa nthangala za lavenda: ndikokwanira kuziyika mufiriji kuti ndidutse gawo loyatsa.

Kuphatikiza pazachilendo, mungayesere njira zina zowchitira:

• Kukhetsa mbewu za lavenda zofesedwa pansi;
• mankhwalawa ndi chopatsa mphamvu kapena phytohormones (mwachitsanzo, gibberellin mu ndende ya 100 mpaka 200 ml pa madzi okwanira 1 litre.

Koma njira zoterezi sizingapereke chifukwa konse.

Kubzala lavenda pansi

Kufesa lavenda chisanachitike nyengo yozizira si ntchito yovuta ndipo siyosiyana ndi kukula pang'ono ndi kosatha komanso kosatha komwe kumafuna kuyambira. Mbewu zimachitika kumapeto kwa Okutobala, kuyesera kuti zisakuzitse mbewuzo m'nthaka ndikuyika mulching lokwera kuteteza dzinja. Kuopa kuti lavenda satulutsa kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yopuma sikofunika: woyamba akuwotcha chomera sichikutulutsa m'mbuyomu kuposa Meyi, komanso ngakhale kutatsala pang'ono kufika kumapeto kwa chilimwe, nyengo yamadzulo ikadzuka kwambiri.

Kubzala m'nthaka mu kasupe ikuchitika mu Meyi.pamene chiwopsezo champhamvu chobwerezabwereza chimasowa. Poterepa, mbewuzi zimayikidwa mu stratation yochita kupanga.

Mbeu za lavenda zakula kuchokera kumbewu

Nthaka ndi zotengera pakufesa mbewu za lavenda kwa mbande

Kwa lavenda gwiritsani ntchito gawo lonse lazakudya zomasuka. Chomera ichi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zosakanizika ndi dothi zopangidwa kale (ponseponse pazomera zamkati kapena zapadera za mbande ndi chilimwe). Musanabzale, ndibwino kuti mucheze kapena kuthira potaziyamu permanganate.

Mukamasankha zidebe zofesa mbande za lavenda, ndikofunikira kupatsa chidwi osaya, koma zazikulu komanso zazikulu, mabokosi ndi makapu. Lavender safesedwa m'maseti. Kukula kwakukulu kwambiri ndi 7 cm.

Kufesa mbewu za lavenda kwa mbande

Kubzala mbande kumachitika kumapeto kwa dzinja, theka lachiwiri la February kapena theka loyambirira la Marichi. Lavender nthawi zambiri amafesedwa m'mabokosi akuluakulu nthawi zambiri, ndikuyala mbewuzo nthawi imodzi, chifukwa ngakhale mbewuzo sizikuwopa kupitilira, zimakhala ndi mizu yamphamvu ndipo zimakula makamaka mizu italiitali, yomwe imatha kuwonongeka mosavuta ndikufesa kokhazikika. Malamulo enanso obwera ndi osavuta:

1. Zombozo zimadzazidwa ndi dothi ndipo mofatsa, popanda kusefa, pingiranani.
2. Dothi pamwamba ndi lothira ndi mfuti.
3. Mbewu za lavenda zimabzalidwa imodzi nthawi imodzi motalikirana ndi 1.5-2 cm.
4. Phimbani pamtunda pamtunda wamtunda wa 2 - 3 mm (osafufutidwa), oszama mwakuya.
5. Mukangofesa, zitsalazo zimakutidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu.

Mbewu zakumera

Pa lavenda, zinthu ziwiri zazikulu ziyenera kuperekedwa:

• kuyatsa kowala;
• Kutentha kosungidwa m'chipinda kuyambira madigiri 15 mpaka 21 kutentha.

M'nthawi yonseyi mbande za lavenda zisanachitike, ndikofunikira kuti nthaka ikhale yolimba koma yokhazikika popopera nthaka m'mawa ndikutsegulira "malo obiriwira". Kuthirira madzi ndizowopsa, koma osakhazikika, ngakhale chinyezi chocheperako, zimakhala zovuta kukwaniritsa mbande yabwino.

Nthawi zambiri, njira yophukira lavenda ndi yayitali. Mphukira zoyambirira zimatha kuwonekera patatha milungu iwiri, mphukira wochezeka - pafupifupi, pakatha mwezi umodzi.

Zomera zomwe zimamera

Pambuyo pakuphukika kwa mphukira zachabechabe za lavenda, zotengera kapena galasi zimachotsedwa muzombo momwe zingathere, koma pitilizani kusunga chinyezi cha dothi lopepuka. Mphukira zazing'ono zimafunika kubzalidwe m'malo owala bwino (makamaka pakakhala dzuwa kum'mwera kwa sill). Ngati kulibe dzuwa lokwanira, lavenda amawunikira, ndikuwonjezera maola masana mpaka maola 8-10.

Wofesedwa mbande za lavenda kuchokera ku mbewu. © Gary Pilarchik

Diyani mbande ndi kusamalira achichepere achichepere

Lavender imabowedwa pokhapokha mbewu ikapangika masamba awiri enieni ndipo tsamba lachitatu kapena lachinayi likuyamba kupanga. Monga lamulo, ngakhale ana mphukira zazing'ono mu lavenda makamaka zimamera, ndipo panthawiyi mizu yamphamvu imapangidwa, yomwe singakhale ndi malo okwanira mbale.

Lavender amazidulira bwino, koma njirayi imalekeredwa mosavuta ndi mbeu. Ndikofunika kulowa m'miphika kapena makapu omwe ali ndi mulifupi wa masentimita 60, koma mabokosi akulu amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito, kusiya mtunda womwewo pakati pa mbewu. Kwa mbande za lavenda, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo cha mchenga kapena chopendekera chopepuka cha mbewu zamkati ndi kuwonjezera kwa mchenga ndi mchenga. Z feteleza wokhala ndi nthawi yayitali akhoza kuwonjezeredwa panthaka.

Lavender imasamutsidwira mumipanda yatsopano, kuyesera kuti isawononge dothi, ndikuphwanya dziko lapansi mozungulira mbewu kuti zithandizire kuzika mizu.

Kusamalira Mbewu za Lavender

Mbeu za lavenda zidzafunika kuumitsa osachepera sabata 1 kuti zizolowere nyengo zatsopano. Zomera zimavomerezedwa pang'onopang'ono, kuyambira ola limodzi patsiku ndikuonjezera nthawi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mumsewu tsiku lililonse.

Kubzala Mbande za Lavender

Lavender atakula kuchokera kumaluwa patangotha ​​chaka chatha. Chaka choyamba chomera sichimakula mwachangu: choyamba, mu lavenda, mizu imakula, ndipo pokhapokha - mphukira. Koma kumbali inayo, mbewu zokhazikika bwino mchaka chachiwiri zimakula msanga komanso kusangalala ndi kununkhira kwa inflorescence.

Pakubzala mbande za lavenda, malo okhala ndi dzuwa ndi dothi lowala, momwe feteleza wachilengedwe mumawonjezeredwa, amasankhidwa. Dothi, dothi lamchenga ndiloyenera kwambiri kosatha. PH yoyenera ya mbewuyi ndiyambira pa 6.5 mpaka 7.5. Pobzala, ndibwino kukonzekera dothi losakanikirana ndikusakaniza dothi lomwe limachotsedwa mu dzenje lobzala ndi mchenga, humus ndi feteleza wa mchere kapena kuchotsa dothi losakanikirana ndi dothi, mchenga ndi humus poyerekeza 3: 1: 2.

Mtunda mukabzala lavenda kuchokera pa 30 mpaka 40 cm. Chomerachi chimabodzedwa payekha, mabatani akulu obzala ndi akuya ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 30 cm.

Lavender amayankha osati kuthirira wambiri, komanso mulching mutangobzala (ndikofunikira kuti mulch isakanikike, koma musalole mwachindunji pansi pa tchire).

Kuziika poyera pansi chitsamba lavenda chakula nthangala. © Jennifer Lawson

M'chaka choyamba mutabzala mbande kapena kufesa m'nthaka, ngakhale pakhale chilolezo chambiri, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuthirira kwa lavenda kokhazikika. Kutsirira kumachitika mchilala chokha. Koma kudula ndi kuteteza ku namsongole ndikofunikira mchaka choyamba. M'chaka choyamba cha maluwa, sikofunikira kupereka lavenda pachimake ndipo, kupanganso, kupanga mbewu: ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse inflorescence mutangoyamba maluwa. M'chaka chachiwiri cha maluwa, inflorescence imadulidwa mitengo itangotseguka ndikusiya gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mbewuzo pamtengowo. Zaka zotsatira, izi sizingafunikire.

M'nthawi yozizira yoyamba m'nthaka, lavenda yobzalira nthangala ndiofunika kutetezedwa ndi mulch yotalika kuchokera masamba owuma kapena nthambi zina.

Njira zina zolerera lavenda:

• kulekanitsa tchire (kukula kwa mmera);
• kuzika kwa zigawo;
• kudula kwa mphukira zapachaka.