Ma raspberries achikasu ndi amodzi mwa chikhalidwe chosangalatsa kwambiri m'minda yathu. Inde, simudzakumana nawo nthawi zambiri, komabe, ngati mungayesere kukulitsa, ndiye kuti ndizosatheka kale kukana, chifukwa sikuti ndichakudya chokha, komanso kukongola!
Ubwino wa raspberries achikasu
Ma raspberry achikasu amakhala ndi ma asidi ochepa, ndichifukwa chake amawoneka kuti amawawa okoma kuposa ofiira.
Zothandiza katundu
Mpweya wocheperako wa anthocyanins (utoto) umakupatsani mwayi woti muzidya ndipo anthu amakonda kutsutsana, ndi amayi oyembekezera, komanso ana aang'ono. Zowonjezera za folic acid zimafotokozera ngati njira yolimbikitsira chitetezo chokwanira, kuyeretsa magazi, kusunga maselo atsopano ali athanzi.
Ma raspberries achikasu amtundu "Folgold" (Wagwa Golide). © monroviaMonga mnzake wofiirira, rasipiberi wachikasu ndi woyembekezerera bwino komanso diaphoretic komanso antipyretic, amatha kupulumutsa masheya pamiyala yamawu yotopa, amathandizanso ndikusokonezeka m'matumbo, amathandizira kuthetsa poizoni m'thupi.
Gwiritsani ntchito
Zipatso za rasipiberi wachikasu zimadyedwa mwatsopano, koma siziphatikizidwa kuposa zipatso zofiira. Amapanga mararmade, marshmallows, jamu, jams, compotes ...
Zambiri za Ma Ratchberries achikasu
Mitundu yambiri ya rasipiberi achikasu ndi ya gulu lokonza. Mitundu yonse yamakono imadziwika ndi zokolola zambiri, mpaka 6 - 9 makilogalamu pachitsamba chilichonse, imakhala ndi mabulosi akuluakulu, kuyambira 5 mpaka 10, ndipo ngakhale 12 g, fruiting yotukuka, kuwonjezeka kwa kukaniza matenda ndi tizirombo, mpaka kutentha kwambiri.
Pali lingaliro kuti zipatso za rasipiberi wachikasu sizongonyamula zokha, komanso osasunga mawonekedwe ake. Izi ndizowona, koma pokhapokha ndi mitundu yakale, mitundu yamakono imakhala ndi drupes yolimba, yowonetsedwa bwino ndipo imasungidwa bwino.
Kalasi ya raspberries wachikasu "Orange Chozizwitsa". © klubnichnakartaKukula Zomera Zachikasu
Ukadaulo waulimi wa raspberries wachikasu kwenikweni siwosiyana ndi ukadaulo waulimi wa kukula mitundu yofiira.
Malo okula
Mbande zimabzalidwa m'malo otentha dzuwa, m'malo momwe simakhala chinyezi ndipo zimatetezedwa ku mphepo zozizira zakumpoto. Ndibwino ngati mizereyo ili kumpoto kupita kumwera kapena kumpoto chakum'mawa, chifukwa njirayi imatha kukhala ndi kuwala kwambiri, zomwe zimakhala zowona makamaka kumadera omwe ali ndi chilimwe pang'ono.
Ngati mukusankha, ndiye njira yovomerezeka kwambiri yophwanya mabulosiwo ndi dera lathyathyathya kapena lotsetsereka mpaka 8 ° C. Malowa, pambuyo pa nightshade sakuvomerezeka, chifukwa cha kugonjetsedwa kwa gulu latsokololi ndi verticillus wilting. Musabzale raspberries pambuyo pa raspberries, ndikusiya malowo kupumula kwa zaka 5.
Dothi la chikasu raspberries
Zotsatira zabwino zitha kuchitika pobzala dothi lachikasu pamchenga komanso dothi loley. Pa dothi lamchenga, kubzala kumafunika chisamaliro chowawa kwambiri. Koma pa dothi lolemera acidic ndibwino kuti musaphwanyaphwanyidwe konse (ngati pH ya dothi ili <5.5 - sioyenera kubzala raspberries).
Ma raspberries achikasu. © Chithunzi cha Justin CaseNthawi yayitali
Monga rasipiberi ofiira, mitundu yachikasu imabzalidwa m'dzinja - kumapeto kwa Seputembala mpaka kumapeto kwa Okutobala (kum'mwera masabata angapo pambuyo pake kapena koyambirira kwa kasupe).
Njira yodzala bwino kwambiri ndi ngalande yokhala ndi mzere kutalika kwa 1.2 - 1.6 m (ndi mitundu yayitali ndi mamita awiri), mulifupi m'lifupi mwake 0,5 - 0,6 mita. Kuchulukana kwa mbewu motsatana kumazungulira pa kuthekera kwa kupangika kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana; khalani 0,4 m kapena kupitilira.
Mbande nthawi yobzala sizikuzama.
Chisamaliro cha Rasipiberi
Feteleza
Pofuna kuti rasipiberi achikasu azipereka zokolola zabwino (zalongosoledwa pamifotokozedweyo), chisamaliro chofunikira ndichofunikira pa icho. Ndipo chinthu choyamba muyenera kuyamba kudya.
Ngati mbewu yabzalidwa munjira yolimba, mutha kuyiwala za umuna zaka zingapo. Nthawi zina, amafunika nayitrogeni, phosphorous, potaziyamu, boron, chitsulo, manganese.
Zolemba zambiri zidalembedwa momwe zingadyetsedwe bwino ma raspberries ndipo malingaliro ambiri adapangidwa, koma asayansi ali ndi lingaliro lomwelo: zokolola za mbewuyi zimadalira mphamvu yakukula kwa chitsamba koyambira. Chifukwa chake, rasipiberi amayenera kupatsidwa nitrojeni wochuluka wazaka zitatu zoyambirira. Pachifukwa ichi, mu February-Marichi, feteleza wa nayitrogeni adayikidwa pansi pake, ndikuwapeza pafupi ndi tchire kwa zaka ziwiri zoyambirira, ndikuwabalalitsa mzere.
Nthawi zina mlingo umagawika magawo awiri, koyamba kudyetsa rasipiberi mu kugwa. Nthawi yomweyo, m'dzinja-nyengo yachisanu, gawo la nayitrogeni limatsukidwa, koma, kupezekanso kwa kasupe kumapangitsa raspberries kupanga kuchuluka kwakukulu, komwe kulinso bwino kwambiri.
Kalasi ya raspberries wachikasu "Mame a m'mawa" (Porana Rosa, Porana Rosa). © ShoniMutha kusankha pulogalamu yotsatirayi: mchaka choyamba chamoyo chomera, gawani umuna ndi nayitrogeni m'magawo atatu - woyamba uyenera kuchitika koyambirira kwa Meyi, wachiwiri ndi wachitatu m'masabata awiri, ndikupangika kwa milungu iwiri. Muzaka zotsatirazi, ingochani umuna wamasana.
Pankhaniyi, feteleza wabwino kwambiri wa nayitrogeni ndi urea, koma osati wowuma, koma kuchepetsedwa m'madzi (50 g pa 10 l). Pansi pa chitsamba, yankho lotere ndilokwanira 1 litre.
Umboni wa kukhazikika kwathunthu kwa zitsamba za rasipiberi (osati zochulukirapo komanso zoletsa) zidzakhala zikuwonjezeka chifukwa cha mphukira zolimba kwambiri za 10 - 12, mpaka 1.5 - 2 m (kutengera mitundu), ndi kutalika kwa internode (pakati pa mphukira) pafupifupi 8 - 10 cm .
Zina zotsalazo zimawonjezeredwa ngati pakufunika, zomwe zimatha kutsimikiziridwa ndi njira yolembera kapena poyang'ana zizindikiro zakunja: mtundu ndi mawonekedwe wamba a masamba, kutalika kwa internodes, komanso kukula kwa mapangidwe.
Ngati simugwiritsa ntchito tuki pa chiwembu chanu, onjezani ng'ombe kapena mahatchi pansi pa raspulosi pakugwa, zaka 2-3 zilizonse, kuchuluka kwa makilogalamu 2.5 mpaka 3 pa mita imodzi, komanso kukonza chakudya ndi phulusa.
Ma raspberries achikasu. © zipatso zipatsoKuthirira raspberries wachikasu
China chomwe chimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi zokolola ndi kuthirira. Kummwera, rasipiberi amathiriridwa madzi kasanu ndi kawiri nthawi ya kukula: munthawi ya kukula kwa mphukira, musanayambe maluwa, pagawo la mapangidwe obiriwira ovomerezeka pambuyo pokolola. Pakati pakatikati, kuthirira 2 mpaka 4 ndikokwanira: munthawi ya kukula kwa mphukira komanso mutakolola.
Mutha kuthirira rasipiberi pamiyala kapena kukonkha.
Ginger rasipiberi Garter
Ngati mitundu yosankhidwayo ikufuna garter, ndiye pofika chaka chachiwiri mutabzala, m'mizere ya raspberries, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa nsanamira ndikukoka trellis pa iwo. Mzere woyamba wa waya umakokedwa kutalika kwa 1.2 - 1.5 m kuchokera pamtunda (kutengera kutalika kwa mbewu), mizere iwiri yakumbuyo mbali zonse ziwiri za mzere kutalika kwa 0.6 - 0.7 m. Garter amapangidwa masamba asanatseguke.
Kudulira raspberries wachikasu
Mukufuna rasipiberi wachikasu ndi kudulira koyenera. Kukonzanso mitunduyo amazidulira kamodzi mutaphuka, kuchotsa kokha mphukira zakumaso, kapena m'dzinja kapena koyambirira kwamasika, kudula chitsamba. Mu mtundu woyamba, izi zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kulimbikitsa mphukira zatsopano ndikupereka kukolola kwanthawi yayitali. Kachiwiri - zimapangitsa mbewu kudumpha koyamba, koma ikupatsanso mbeu yachiwiri yofunika kwambiri.
Mitundu yosakhala yokhazikika imadulidwa mu gawo limodzi kapena awiri, kuti muwonjezere nthambi za woyamba ndi wachiwiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti mitundu yokonza chikasu sindimakonda kukulira, ndikuyigwiritsa ntchito ndi kuchepa kwa kuchuluka ndi mtundu wa mbewu. Chifukwa chake, mu kasupe pa raspberries ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse, ndikusiya mphukira 4 mpaka 7 pachitsamba.
Ma raspberries achikasu. © tyler_jUdzu wachinyamata
Chofunikira pa kulima rasipiberi kumathandizanso kuchotsa maudzu komanso kumasula nthaka.
Pogona maluwa achikasu kwa dzinja
Nthawi zambiri, mitundu ya rasipiberi yachikasu imakhala yosagwirizana ndi kutentha kochepa, koma komwe nyengo yozizira imakhala yabwino kuonetsetsa kuti chisanu chozama sichikuwononga rasipiberi. Kuti muchite izi, kumapeto kwa Seputembala - Okutobala, nthambi za rasiperi zimakhazikika pamzerewu ndikuzimangirira kuti zisatike kuposa 0.4 m pamwamba pamtunda. M'malo momwe kutentha kotsika kumayang'aniridwa popanda matalala, rasipiberi wokhotakhota pansi amakhala wokutidwa ndi udzu kapena dziko.
Kufalikira kwa raspberries achikasu
Nthawi zambiri, raspberries wachikasu mitundu amapangidwa ndi mbande. Komabe, ngati mukufuna, kapena kulephera kubzala, mutha kuyesa kuti mbeu zikule. Imeneyi si nkhani yosavuta - mbewu ya rasipiberi imafuna malo osungika apadera, kukonzekera koyenera kufesa ndipo alibe kumera bwino, koma ngati mungayang'ane nayo, mutha kupeza zotsatira zabwino ndikukhala okhutira, kapenanso kukwera kwambiri, kuthekera kwake.
Pofuna kufalitsa raspberries wachikasu ndi njere, ndikofunikira kutsuka zipatso zakupsa kuchokera ku zamkati, ziume ndi kuziyika m'thumba kuti zisungidwe. Pakutha kwa Seputembala, ikani njereyo muchikwama (chitha kupangidwa kuchokera ku mayonesi) nayikiratu kwa maola 24 m'madzi. Kenako, mu thumba, kukulunga momwemo ndikofunikira kuthira pansi, kubzala mbewu zazing'ono ndi gawo la masentimita 5 sphagnum (pamtunda wa 3 - 5 cm) ndi malo m'malo ozizira, ndi kutentha kwa 2 - 3 ° C. Ngati moss ndizovuta kupeza - ikani chidebe chamchenga wonyowa. M'masiku 10 oyambirira a Epulo, chifesani mbewu m'mizere ndi mizere 40 masentimita pakati pa mizere.
M'chilimwe, mbande nthawi zambiri zimasamaliridwa: zimathiridwa, kumasulidwa, namsongole amachotsedwa. Mu nthawi yophukira, rasipiberi wachinyamata amawasinthira kumalo okhazikika. Nthawi yomweyo, mbewu zokhala ndi ma spikes amdima zimakanidwa - rasipiberi wokhala ndi zipatso zachikasu sizimakula.
Mtundu wa rasipiberi wamtundu "Yellow Giant". © ShoniKulonjeza mitundu yazipatso zachikasu
Chimphona chachikaso. Zosiyanasiyana ndizosatha. Pakati koyambirira. Abwereza yophukira yophukira. Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino kwambiri za tebulo. Zipatsozo ndizopanda chikasu, zazikulu kwambiri, zolemera pafupifupi 9 g, wandiweyani, onunkhira, sikuti sizingagwa, zoyenera kunyamula. Zomera, ndi chisamaliro choyenera, zimachokera ku 4 mpaka 8 makilogalamu pachitsamba chilichonse. Tchire ndi lalitali, lamphamvu, likufalikira, limapangidwa bwino, ndipo limafikira kutalika kwa mamitala 2,5. Zimafunikira garter ku trellis. Amalimbana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Zisanu -zinthawi zokwanira.
Mame am'mawa (Dzinalo la Chipolishi - Porana Rosa). Gulu la mafakitale. Imodzi mwa onunkhira bwino kwambiri. Zipatsozo ndizazungulira, zamtundu, wandiweyani, zolemera 5 mpaka 10 g, kukoma komanso wowawasa. Kupanga mpaka 3 makilogalamu pachitsamba chilichonse. Ili ndi chitsamba chokulirapo, mpaka ma 1.8 m, kutalika, mphukira zamphamvu. Sichosankha za momwe zinthu zikukula, koma zimataya shuga panthawi yotentha. Imakhala ndi kukana kochepa ku matenda a fungus. Nthawi ya zipatso ndi theka loyamba la Juni, khumi khumi a Ogasiti - chisanu chisanachitike. Zapamwamba kwambiri zimapereka nthawi imodzi zipatso.
Lokometsedwa wachikaso. Zosiyanasiyana ndizapakatikati koyambirira, osati komaso. Ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, sing'anga nyengo yozizira. Zipatso zake zimakhala zachikasu ndi zoyera-zachikasu, zazifupi, zapakatikati komanso zazikulu, zolemera 3 mpaka 6 g, zonunkhira, kununkhira kwa mchere, sizikutha, koma sizoyenera kuyenda. Kupanga, ndi chisamaliro choyenera, kuyambira 3 mpaka 8 makilogalamu pachitsamba chilichonse. Tchire ndi lalitali-lalitali, mpaka 1.5 m kutalika, kuphukira. Luso la kupanga mphukira ndilabwino kwambiri. Spikeless akuwombera.
Yaroslavna, Chikoko blzvyana kapena Rost. Zosiyanasiyana ndi nyengo yapakatikati. Wokonza. Zabwino kwambiri kumwera. Imakhala ndi nthawi ziwiri za zipatso - kuyambira eyiti ya Juni, komanso kuyambira eyiti ya Ogasiti mpaka chisanu. Zipatso zake zimakhala zachikaso zowoneka bwino, zazikulu, zotsekemera komanso zowawasa, zolemera 10 - 12 g. Kupanga 4 makilogalamu ku chitsamba. Shtambovy mtundu wamtchire, wamtali wamtali, wotalika mpaka 1,7 m. Sifunikira garter. Akuwombera mofooka nthambi. Pali minga zochepa.
Ma raspberries achikasu amtundu "Folgold" (Wagwa Golide).
Wagwera golide (Foldold), Golden Autumn, nthawi zina imamasuliridwa kuti Golden Mvula. Zosiyanasiyana ndikukonza. Ikulira kukana tizirombo ndi matenda. Zipatso zake ndi zachikaso zagolide, zachikaso, zonunkhira, zotsekemera kwambiri, zomwe zimalemera kuyambira 4 mpaka 7. Gwira mpaka 7 makilogalamu. Wotambitsidwa zipatso. Tchire ndi lamphamvu, lophulika, mpaka 2,5 m kutalika.
Chozizwitsa cha lalanje. Zosiyanasiyana zikukonza, koma zimalimbikitsidwa nthawi imodzi yopanga zipatso. Wosazindikira kwambiri, wokonda dzuwa, wozizira. Amagwira kwambiri matenda ndi tizirombo. Zipatso zake ndi lalanje wowala, wamtali wamakoma, wandiweyani, wolemera kuyambira 4,5 mpaka 6 g, musapunthwe, komanso wotuluka kwambiri. Zokolola kuchokera pa 2 mpaka 2,5 makilogalamu pachitsamba chilichonse. Bush mpaka 1.5 m kukwera, kufalikira, kumafunikira garter.
Golide wopusa (Fulgodl), kapena Golden Jester. Zosiyanasiyana zikukonza, koma zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zikhalepo. Amakana kutentha ndi kutentha pang'ono. Zipatso zake ndizopepuka, zokoma kwambiri, zonunkhira, zolemera 4 mpaka 9 g. Tchire ndi lalitali, mpaka 1.6 m.
