Kukula asters kuchokera mbewu kunyumba

Nthawi zambiri maluwa okongoletsedwa ndi maluwa okongola ngati aster. Amaphukira kugwa, ndi odzikuza ndipo nthawi zambiri samatuluka nawo. Duwa limafesedwa ndi mbewu m'nthaka kapena kuti mbewu zake zibzalidwe, ndiye zimayamba kumera kale.

Kukula chomera pakhomo kumafunikira chidziwitso chofunikira, apo ayi mbewu zazing'ono zimatha kudwala ndikufa. Chifukwa chake, mukuyenera kudziwa mwatsatanetsatane njirayi: kuchokera pakufesa mbewu ndikuwabzala panthaka.

Momwe mungasankhire mbeu zoyenera mbande

Kuti muwonetsetse kuti njere zamera, muyenera kuwerengera pachikwama chaka chopanga ndi tsiku lotha ntchito. Zabwino koposa zonse pezani mbewu zatsopano, popeza asters amataya msanga kumera.

Ngati mbewu ili mu phukusi lowala bwino ndi mawonekedwe okongola, ndibwino kuti musayigule. Mbewu m'matumba omera nthawi zambiri khala bwino komanso watsopano, popeza kukongola kwa chithunzicho ndi kuwala kowonjezereka ndi mtundu wa malonda kuti mugulitse mtengo wobzala wotsika mtengo.

Kupanga maluwa okongola, muyenera kusankha osakaniza. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana mpaka 10. Kuti mupange mawonekedwe apadera, muyenera kugula maluwa m'matumba osiyana.

Madeti ofesa mbewu. Mukadzala duwa la mbande? Kuti maluwa ake asagwere m'dzinja lambiri, ndikofunikira kudziwa tsiku lobzala. Zabwino koposa zonse kubzala mu February-Marichi.

Miyezi iyi ndiyabwino kwambiri kutulutsa mu Seputembara. M'madera omwe chipale chofewa chimagwera pang'ono kapena sichimachitika, kufesa kumachitika mu Epulo kapena Meyi.

Kulima mbewu

Podzala duwa, tayamba kale kuziganizira. Ndipo kukula mbande zabwino?

Kuti mbeu ikhale yolimba, dzalani mbewu poyambilira chomera m'nthaka. Itha kuchitika palokha.

Kuti muchite izi, sakanizani pazofanana:

• humus;
• mchenga;
• m'munda.

Kenako osakaniza amapaka uvuni, kenako phulusa lamatabwa amawonjezerako. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuwonjezera padera m'nthaka yomalizidwa, yomwe imathandizira kukonza nthaka ndikuthandizira mizu ya mbande kukula bwino.

Bokosi lamatabwa kapena pulasitiki lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito mbande limadzazidwa ndi dothi lokonzedwa, lopangidwa pang'ono, ndikuthiriridwa mowolowa manja ndi potaziyamu permanganate.

Asanabzale mbewu, ayenera kuchitira ndi fungicide iliyonse, yomwe ndi yothandiza pothana ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus, nthawi zambiri imakhudza mbande. Kubzala mbewu kumachitika motere: zophukira zimapangidwa pansi mpaka masentimita awiri, momwe zimabzalidwa ndikuwazidwa ndi dothi losaposa mamilimita awiri.

Omwe alimi ambiri amalimbikitsa kumwaza mbewu ndi mchenga wowerengeka, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti asanyowe ndikathirira. Payenera kukhala mtunda wa 2-5 masentimita pakati pa miyala.

Kuti chinyezi chisasanduke msanga, mbewu ziyenera kuphimba ndi chidutswa chagalasi. Kuwombera kumayamba kuwonekera patsiku la 5-10, kenako galasi limachotsedwa.

Mbande iyenera kusunthira pawindokomwe kumakhala kuyatsa kwabwino, koma kutentha sikuyenera kupitirira 15 digiri. Ichi ndi chikhalidwe chofunikira kwambiri kuti ma asters akakula kunyumba, apo ayi amayamba kutambalala.

Dothi likauma, ake pukuta ndi madzi ofunda kuchokera mfuti yafuka. Nthawi yomweyo, chisamaliro chimayenera kutengedwa kuti chisasefukire mbewuyo, apo ayi matenda ngati mwendo wakuda angachitike.

Poyamba chizindikiro cha zotupa zotere, ndikofunikira nthawi yomweyo chotsani zophukira zodwala ndi dongo laling'ono. Zitatha izi, dzenje liyenera kuphimbidwa ndi dziko lapansi ndipo malowa adakhetsedwa ndi yankho la fangayi.

Kutola mbande

Izi zimachitika pambuyo pomwe mbande ziwiri zitatu zimawonekera pafupi ndi mbande. Zomwe zikuchokera pansi ziyenera kukhala zofanana, ingowonjezerani supuni yowonjezera feteleza wopatsa mchere. Kuti agawire wogawana, nthaka iyenera kusakanizika bwino.

Mphika umadzazidwa ndi dothi ndi kupendekera mopepuka kuti usakhazikike mutathirira. Pakati pa mphika ndi ndodo, pangani malo pomwe mbande za mmera zithaikidwenso.

Ngati mbewuyo ili ndi mizu yofunika kwambiri, ndiye panga pini. Zikafesedwa, mmera udabisidwa m'nthaka osaposa sentimita imodzi kuchokera pamasamba a cotyledon. Dziko lapansi mozungulira limapangidwa kuti muchothirira madzi osasamba ndi madzi.

Kusamalira Mbewu

Madzi a aster ayenera kukhala ochulukirapo, koma ochepa. Popewa kukokoloka kwa madzi ochuluka, mumbale zokhala mbande pazikhala drainage. Sitikulimbikitsidwanso kudzaza duwa ndi madzi, apo ayi ikhoza kuthana ndi matenda monga mwendo wakuda, ndipo imafa.

Kudyetsa mbande. Ngati dothi lapamwamba limakonzedwa musanafesere, ndiye kuti mbande sizifunikira feteleza wowonjezera. Dothi losauka patatha sabata limodzi ndikubza mbande zimathirira ndi biofertilizer kapena kulowetsedwa kwa phulusa.

Osatengeka ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni, apo ayi masamba obiriwira okha ndiwo amakula, ndi aster adzaphuka mochedwa osati zochulukirapo.

Kuumitsa mbewu. Masamba a 6-7 akaonekera, mutha kuyamba kuumitsa mbande, kuti mtsogolomo mutha kulolera kusiyana kwa kutentha ndikugonjetsedwa ndi chisanu.

Chifukwa chaichi, mabokosi okhala ndi mbande amatengedwa mumsewu kwa maola 3-5. Poyamba, nthawi yayitali yokhala panja iyenera kukhala ola limodzi, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera nthawi yake.

Zovuta zovuta pakukula mbande

1. Mphukira sizimera kapena kukula bwino. Ndikofunikira kubzala mbewu zatsopano musanazilowetse tsiku la phulusa kapena madzi a mandala. Nthaka iyenera kusinthidwa, kuifetsa mankhwala ndi biofungicide kapena potaziyamu permanganate.
2. Panali matenda ngati fusarium. Kuti mupewe, maluwa sangakhale manyowa ndi manyowa. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kubzala asters pamalo pomwe mbatata, physalis, tomato, komanso gladioli, tulips, ma cloves anali atakula kale.
3. Zosakwanira inflorescence zakonzedwa. Izi ndizotheka ngati chomera chili ndi kangaude kapena ma aphid. Maluwa owonongeka amatha kuwonekanso chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya.

Momwe mungabzalire mbande panthaka

Muzu wa duwa ukakhala 7 cm, mbande zingabzalidwe mu nthaka. Tsambalo limasankhidwa pasadakhale. Maluwa amenewa ndi onyentchera pakuwala ndikukula bwino. pafupi ndi mipanda, mitengo etc.

Asters sakonda kwambiri acidic nthaka, chifukwa chake, kasupe kapena yophukira nthaka kupanga laimu. Mukabzala mbande, ndizoletsedwa kuwonjezera manyowa panthaka - izi zimawabweretsa iwo.

Ndikwabwino kubzala maluwa m'nthaka yosakhazikika, ndikuwapanga mizu yabwino, izi ziyenera kuchitidwa limodzi ndi dothi losalala. Zomera zizikhala patali pafupifupi 20 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.

Zida zogwiramo zimabzalidwa m'malo ang'onoang'ono, ndipo zimapangidwa ndi lapansi kuchokera kumwamba. Ngati pazifukwa zina mbewuzo zimakulitsidwa, zimayikidwa masentimita angapo. Mutabzala chomera kuthiriridwa madzi mosamalandipo kuti mutayanika nthaka isamatenthe, simunakumbe dothi ndi peat.

Zilombo Zamalimi

Maluwa oterewa amakondedwa ndi okonza malo kapena opanga maluwa chifukwa choti safuna chisamaliro chapadera. Koma ndi chisamaliro chokwanira, amatha kusangalatsa ndi mitundu ya maluwa ndi maluwa ambiri. Chifukwa chake, chisamaliro chimaphatikizapo mfundo izi:

• Kuthirira nthawi ndi nthawi - izi zimathandizira pakukula kwa mbewu komanso nthawi yake maluwa.
• Kumasulira dothi ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa chomwe mizu ya maluwa amalandirira mpweya pazofunikira.
• Kubzala feteleza - potashi-phosphorous kumathandizira kuti maluwa akhale pamtunda komanso maluwa ambiri.
• Mutha kuthirira asters ndi mayankho amadzimadzi okhathamiritsa osakaniza.

Chifukwa chake, kuti tikule maluwa pambewu, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo ena. Kusagwirizana kumayambitsa mavuto osiyanasiyana.

Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, m'tsogolomo mbewu zidzakondweretsa mbuye wawo ndi maluwa ambiri komanso owoneka bwino.