Bobovnik (laburnum) ndi woimira banja lankhondo, koma akuwoneka ngati mtengo wabwino. Malo obadwira a Laburnum ndi gawo lapakati ku Europe ndi gombe la Mediterranean. Mtengo wobzalidwa umatchedwa besa nyemba. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti uwu si mtundu wa chikhalidwe, koma dzina lake lokhala nalo.
Zambiri
Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa laburnum ndi zikhalidwe zina zokongoletsa mtengo ndiz inflorescence zazikulu za chikasu, pinki, lilac ndi mithunzi yoyera yomwe imasonkhanitsidwa mumabampu opachika. Kutalika kwa burashi kumafika masentimita 50 ndipo pamene maluwa akutulutsa fungo labwino kwambiri lofanana ndi mthethe.
Ngati musamalira chikhalidwechi moyenera, ndiye kuti chidzasangalatsa nyakulayo ndi maluwa ochuluka, nthawi yomwe igwe kumapeto kwa Meyi ndikutha mpaka kumapeto kwa June. Beanbill ikafota m'malo mwa inflorescence, zipatso munjira yazing'onoting'ono ndi nyemba zimayamba kumangidwa, chifukwa chomwe mtengowo umatha kufalitsa podzilimitsa.
Kukula chikhalidwe chodabwitsa ndichosavuta, chinthu chachikulu ndikuganizira upangiri wonse wa wamaluwa odziwa bwino komanso chomera cha nyemba zowoneka bwino zidzaonekere patsamba lanu, zomwe zingakusangalatseni ndi maluwa ake ophika, kudzaza mpweya ndi fungo lachilendo.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya Bobovnik
Bobovnik Mvula Yamtsinje - Itha kuyimiridwa ngati chitsamba chowoneka bwino, ndi mtengo mpaka 6 mita kutalika. Imakhala ndi masamba akuluakulu obiriwira masamba atatu. Laburnum iyamba kuphuka kumapeto kwa Meyi ndipo imatha pakati pa Juni. Ma inflorescence ali ngati mawonekedwe amtundu wamtali wachikasu, kuphatikiza fungo labwino.
Bobovan Anagiolistny - kuthengo, mtengo umamera m'mapiri. Kutalika kwake kumatha kufika mpaka 6 metres. Mitengo ya inflorescence ndi yayitali, yayitali, yokhala ndi mawonekedwe a nthochi, mawonekedwe amtundu wagolide ndi fungo lonunkhira ngati mthethe.
Nthawi yamaluwa imakhala kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Masamba amtundu wa nyemba zamtunduwu amachokera pang'ono ndipo amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Mtengowo umakhala wolimba nthawi yozizira ndipo umalekerera kutentha kufikira madigiri 20.
Bobovnik Alpine - mwachilengedwe, mtengo umakula mpaka mamita 12 kutalika. Ili ndi korona wamtchire komanso mbale zazikulu, zobiriwira zazitali zitatu. Laburnum ili ndi mitundu yayitali, yayitali ya maluwa a chikasu, achikumbutso cha mthethe. Mtundu wa nyemba izi sizigonjetsedwa ndi chisanu, ngakhale nthambi za mitengo zimayamba kuzizira nthawi yachisanu. Chifukwa chake, imafunikira pobisalira.
Bobber Common - Ndi mtengo wokhalitsa wosatha wokhala ndi korona wozikika ndi kutalika kwa mita 7. Nthawi zambiri wowotchera khutu amakhala ndi mitengo ikuluikulu ingapo. Masamba atatu apamwamba amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owundana komanso mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, womwe umadetsedwa ndi dzuwa litayamba. Mtengo wa nyemba ukufalikira kuyambira Meyi mpaka Juni, inflorescence yayitali yagolide, pinki, yoyera kapena lilac hue.
Bobber Pink
Ndi shrub yokhala ndi korona yaying'ono. Ili ndi tsamba lozungulira labwinobwino lamitundu itatu. Mtengowu umamasika masika milungu iwiri. Imakhala ndi mitengo yayikulu, yayitali, yonyezimira yowala ya pinki yokhala ndi fungo labwino komanso kukongoletsa kwapadera.
Bobovnik Lilac - Ndi mtengo womwe umatalika pafupifupi mamitala awiri wokhala ndi nduwira yofalikira, yoluka ndi mitengo ikuluikulu. Mapepala a Nyemba ndi maulendo atatu komanso owonekera pang'ono mkati, owoneka bwino obiriwira.
Laburnum limamasula kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Mitengo ya inflorescence ya mtengowo imakhala yampikisano ndipo imafikira masentimita 30. Amakhala ndi utoto wofiirira komanso fungo labwino, umakumbukira bwino za mthethe.
Bobovnik Alpine Golide Wagolide - amakula zachilengedwe m'malo okwezeka a Switzerland ndi Germany. Laburnum imafika pamtunda wa mamita khumi ndipo imawoneka ngati mtengo wamtchire wokhala ndi chisoti chachifumu. Ku Russia, popeza mmera umakonda kumera, uli ndi mawonekedwe ngati chitsamba ndipo umakula mpaka mamita atatu okha. Masamba a mtengowu ndiwotalika, utatu, wosalala, wobiriwira wopepuka. Ma inflorescence mumtengo wa nyemba ndi akulu, amitundu yayitali, yayitali, yachikaso chowala.
Voberera Bobovnik - mtengo ndi wosakanizidwa wa anagirolistic ndi nyemba za alpine. Imafika kutalika kwa mita 1 mpaka 3. Masamba akulu, atali, amtundu utoto wowala wobiriwira. Maluwa amaphulika kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Ma inflorescence ake ali ndi mawonekedwe owala achikasu ndi mawonekedwe amtundu. Amakhalanso ndi machitidwe okongoletsa kwambiri komanso fungo labwino kwambiri.
Bobovnik ikamatera ndi chisamaliro m'matawuni
Bobovnik ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chisankho chodzala sichikhala chovuta kwambiri, choncho chitha kubzalidwe paliponse m'mundamo. Pakubzala chitsamba, muyenera kusankha malo owunikira, chifukwa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kuwala, chikhalidwecho chitha kusiya kukulira, ndipo maluwa adzaleka kuwonekera, kapena ochepa mwaiwo, ndipo inflorescence idzataya kuwala.
Botivnik imatha kumera pamiyala yamtengo wapatali yocheperako, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri palibe chifukwa chovala zovala zapamwamba pamwaka wokula. Pakubzala zitsamba, ndibwino kusankha malo otetezedwa ku draf ndi mphepo. Popeza mizu yamtengoyi imagwiritsa ntchito chinyezi, dothi liyenera kumasulidwa ndikuthira madzi bwino.
Pakubzala mtengo wa nyemba, mbande zingapo ziyenera kusankhidwa nthawi imodzi. Pamodzi, zidzakhala zosavuta kuti athe kupirira nthawi yachisanu, ndipo maluwa awo ambiri adzapanga chithunzi cha kukongola kwachilendo m'mundamo.
Ndikofunikira kubzala mitengo yaying'ono kumayambiriro kwa masika, chisanu chikasungunuka ndipo nthaka idzawotha bwino. Pakubzala, muyenera kukonzekeretsa pang'onopang'ono podulira mozama mpaka pakufika mpaka 50 cm. Pansi pake, ndikofunikira kuthira dongo lafutukuka, humus watsopano ndi laimu. Kenako chitsamba chiyenera kuyikidwamo m'dzenjemo ndi chithandizo chomwe chiyenera kuphatikizidwa. Izi ndizofunikira kuti mtengo wang'onowo usaphulike ndi mphepo yamkuntho.
Atayikiramo dzenje, idakutidwa ndi dothi, ndipo dothi lozungulira chimangacho limakutidwa ndi chosafunikira cha khungwa, utuchi, moss, udzu ndi peat. Mulika ukamaliza, mtengowo umafunikira kuthiriridwa ndi dothi lopendekeka pang'ono.
Scarlet kapena cercis amakhalanso membala wa banja la a Legume. Amabzalidwa nthawi yobzala ndi kusamalira poyera popanda zovuta, ngati mumatsatira malamulo aulimi. Mutha kupeza malingaliro onse ofunikira m'nkhaniyi.
Kuthirira nyemba
Popeza laburnum ndi mbewu yolekerera chilala, mitengo ya akulu iyenera kuthiriridwa kokha ndi chilala chadzaoneni.
Mbande zazing'ono zimathirira madzi kamodzi pa sabata, ndipo pakalibe mvula nthawi zambiri.
Nthaka ya nyemba
Podzala, muyenera kusankha dothi labwino lopanda madzi abwino. Zabwino ngati dziko lapansi ndi zamchere. Dothi la Acidic lidzafunika kusakanizika ndi phulusa kapena laimu, ndikupangitsa kuti kugwa, kuti mu April mutha kubzala.
Laburnum sakonda dothi losakanizika ndi chinyezi, chifukwa chake dziko lapansi liyenera kupitilira mpweya, ndipo kutumphuka sikuyenera kukhala pamtunda pamwamba ndikathirira. Izi zikuthandizani kuti musagwiritse ntchito bwalo.
Nyemba ndikuziika
Kuika chitsamba ndikosayenera, chifukwa sikulolera bwino. Komabe, ngati zikufunika, ziyenera kuchitika mosamala kwambiri kuti zisawononge mizu.
Pachifukwa ichi, mtengo wa nyemba uyenera kukumbidwa pamodzi ndi cholemba ndikuusamutsira kudzenje lina, mutawonjezera manyowa, kuti zitsimikizire kuti mizu yake ikukula bwino.
Pambuyo pozika, mtengowo uyenera kuthiriridwa ndikuzungulira thunthu nkutseka. Thirani ndikuyenera kuchitika mu kugwa, masamba atagwa.
Feteleza za nyemba zam'mera
Nthawi yakula, mtengowo uyenera kudyetsedwa poyambitsa zinthu m'nthaka. Organic imakhala yoyenera bwino chifukwa chaichi.
Chapakatikati, mulching kompositi ndikofunikira. Komanso, kangapo munyengo, chitsamba chimatha kukumana ndi yankho la manyowa a ng'ombe.
Nyemba zamaluwa
Nthawi yamaluwa imachitika kumapeto kwa masika - chiyambi cha chilimwe ndipo chimatha mwezi umodzi. Ma inflorescence a nyemba ali mu mawonekedwe a maburashi akuda, akulu ndi kutalika, chikasu chowala, choyera, pinki ndi lilac mtundu wokhala ndi fungo lokhazikika kosangalatsa.
Chitsamba chimamera tambiri ndipo chimakopa tizilombo. M'malo mwa inflorescence yozimiririka, nyemba zazing'ono zakuda zokhala ndi nyemba zimangirizidwa, zomwe zimacha pofika nthawi yophukira.
Kutenga Nyemba
Kudulira mtengo sikungakhale kofunikira, popeza iko pakokha kukongoletsa, pakapita nthawi nthambi zake zimayamba kupanga mawonekedwe okongola.
Mu nthawi yamasika, mutha kuchotsa gawo la nthambi zouma, koma muyenera kuchita izi pang'ono kuti mtengo usadwalitse. Nyemba nyemba zimayenera kuchotsedwa mutachacha kuti mupewe kudzilimbitsa ndikusintha makongoletsedwe a mtengowo.
Popeza nthambi za mtengowo zimakhala zowoneka bwino, nthawi yozizira mitengo yambiri ya chipale imawamatira, ndipo kuti isapyole kulemera kwake, imayenera kugwedezeka pang'ono ndi pang'ono.
Bobovnik pogona nyengo yachisanu
Ngati mbande zagulidwa mu nazale, ndiye kuti sizifunikira malo owonjezera pofikira, popeza mitengo yaying'ono yadutsa kale acclimatization. Ngati anali wamkulu paokha, ndibwino kuwateteza powasungira m'tulo.
Popeza kukula kwanthete kumakhala kosalimba, kuyenera kugwada pansi mosamala. Nthambi zikakola, chitsamba chizikundidwa ndi nthambi za spruce ndi masamba owuma. Kuti mupewe kuwombera kutali, ikani lutrasil pamwamba pa pobisalira ndikuisanja ndi miyala.
Kukula nyemba kuchokera pambewu
Makungwa a nyemba amafalitsidwa ndi mbewu ndi masamba njira. Mukamasankha njira yofalitsira mbewu, ndibwino kusankha zatsopano zomwe mwakolora mbewu.
Olima ena samatulutsa mbeu asanabzale, koma ndibwino kuzichulukitsa. Kuti muchite izi, tengani nyembazo, zisakanizani ndi dothi lonyowa kapena kuyika chonyowa. Kenako amafunika kuti atakulungidwa ndi polyethylene ndikuyika mufiriji kwa milungu iwiri. Ikamaliza mbewuzo zingabzalidwe.
Pofesa mbewu zakuthupi, ndikofunikira kukonzekera nthaka yachonde. Kubzala kumatha kuchitika kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira kapena masika, nthaka ikayamba kutentha. Mbewu ziziikidwa poyera mpaka masentimita awiri, kusiya mtunda pakati pawo masentimita 15.
Mbande sizifunikira chisamaliro chapadera ndipo zimamera zokha. Muthanso kulima laburnum pawindo, kufesa nyemba mu February. Kuti tikule, mtengo wa nyemba zing'onozing'ono uzifunika chinyontho chopepuka komanso chinyezi. Zitsamba zazing'ono zikamera, ziyenera kusunthidwa ndi woimbayo kuti azikakonza m'munda womwe udzakhalire. Mitengo yamera mu nthanga imayamba kuphuka patatha zaka zisanu.
Kubzala nyemba zamasamba kumawonedwa kuti ndizosavuta komanso kopambana. Kuti zikhalabe ndi mawonekedwe apadera, mbewu zonse zamtunduwu zimaphatikizidwa bwino ndi njirayi.
Kubzala nyemba
Kubzala kwamasamba kumatanthauza njira zotsatirazi:
- Kudula - kuti mupeze zofunikira kubzala mu Ogasiti, nthambi zazing'ono ziyenera kudulidwa ndikukhazikitsidwa mu gawo lotayirira panthaka limodzi. Mutabzala, zodula zimafunika kuphimbidwa ndi mabotolo apulasitiki mpaka mizu ikapangidwe. Kuthirira ma bea m'tsogolo ziyenera kuchitika mosamala. M'chaka choyamba cha moyo, zitsamba zazing'ono zimayenera kusungidwa nthawi yozizira.
- Katemera - mitundu yodula iyenera kumezanitsidwa kumtundu wamtundu. Katemera ayenera kusankhidwa pansi.
- Kuyika - pakufalitsa motere ndikofunikira kuwaza nthambi yaying'ono pansi ndikuwaza ndi dothi. Pamalo pomwe mizu ikuwonekere, kudula zingapo kuyenera kupangidwa pa khungwa. Pakatha pafupifupi masiku 30 mpaka 35, mizu yoyambayo imayamba kuonekera, ikadzakula, nthambi imadulidwa ndikuwokedwa potseguka.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Popeza mtengo wa nyemba ndi woopsa, tizirombo timadutsa. Komabe, matenda monga ufa wowuma. Imayamba kumera ndi dothi lomwe limakhala ndi madzi kapena nthawi yayitali mvula.
Mutha kuwona mawonekedwe a powdery mildew pa thunthu, omwe ayamba kuphimbidwa ndi utoto wokutira. Mu gawo lotsogola, matendawa amakhudzanso masamba. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za phokoso la ufa zikawoneka, mtengo wa nyemba uyenera kupakidwa madzi ndi njira yotsukira ya topsin M 500 SC, malinga ndi malangizo omwe ali phukusili.
Vuto lina lomwe limadetsa nkhawa omwe ali ndi laburnum ndikuchepera. Chifukwa chake, kodi maluwa otuwa samakhala bwanji? Zomwe zimachitika izi zimakhala zambiri, malo osankhidwa bwino osabzala, nthaka yothina kwambiri, kusowa kwa michere, kusowa kwa pogona nthawi yozizira komanso kuzizira kwa nthambi, matenda.
Komabe, nthawi zambiri kuperewera kwa mtundu wa madzimadzi chifukwa cha mtengowu kulibe kuwala. Mwa kuuchotsa ndikuyika dzuwa, mutha kuthana ndi vutoli kamodzi.
Pomaliza
Bobovnik ndi chozizwitsa chenicheni chomwe chili ndi zokongoletsera zapadera. Idzakhala chokongoletsera mundawo mosasamala malo omwe udzabzalidwe. Nthawi zambiri, mtengo wa nyemba umabzalidwa pafupi ndi arbor kapena m'mphepete mwa nyumba zawo, ndikupanga makonde osawoneka bwino, omwe amasintha kukhala malo abwino kwambiri panthawi yamaluwa, pomwe simungayang'ane.
Laburnum ndi yosavuta kusamalira, kotero ngakhale woyambitsa wamasamba "akhoza kupanga ubwenzi" ndi mtengo wapamwamba. Tsatirani malangizo onse omwe ali pamwambapa, ndipo dimba lanu lidzakhala lokongoletsedwa ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa nyemba, lomwe lidzakusangalatsani kwa mwezi wokhala ndi maluwa ambiri komanso fungo labwino.
