Masiku ano, ngakhale m'minda yamaluwa yachikhalidwe yokhazikika, ndizovuta kupeza chiwembu chomwe sichimanga ndi mapangidwe a malo. Kuphatikiza pa kukula zamasamba ndi zipatso, wamaluwa akuwonjezera zokongoletsera zawo ndi miyambo yosiyanasiyana yokongoletsa.
Brunner adadziwika kwambiri chifukwa chokongoletsa komanso kusachita bwino. Chomera ichi chimalephera kuzizira mpaka madigiri 30. Popanda kuiwalako komanso osasokonekera, imatha kumera pamalo amodzi kwa zaka 15.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Brunner ndi wachiwiri kwa mabanja. Ndi chitsamba chotsika chomwe chimakhala ndi masamba owoneka ndi mtima pamitundu yayitali. Kutalika kwa tchire kumatha kufika masentimita 60. Kuthengo, kumakongoletsa m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, nyanja ndi mitsinje, komanso kumapezeka mu nkhalango za pine, fir ndi beech.
Wotchedwa Samuel Brunner - wazachipatala waku Switzerland. Koma pakati pa olima dimba, dzina loti "undiwale-osati-lakhala" chifukwa cha kufanana mitundu. Kusiyanitsa kokhako ndikuti oiwalika-alibe kakhalidwe kachikasu, ndipo opangawo amakhala ndi yoyera.
Mitundu ndi mitundu yama brunners
Pali mitundu itatu ya opereka ziphuphu:
Brunner macrophylla (Brunnera macrophylla) - kwawo ndi Caucasus. Kunja, ndi kachigawo kakang'ono kotalika pafupifupi 40cm pomwe kali ndi nthiti yamphamvu, pomwe masamba ake amakhala ammbali ndi masamba obiriwira amtundu. Maluwa amatuluka kuchokera ku lilac mpaka buluu wakuda wokhala ndi kansalu koyera pakati amasonkhanitsidwa mumantha. Nthawi yamaluwa ndiyambira kumapeto kwa Epulo mpaka kumapeto kwa mwezi wa June.Yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa olima maluwa, chifukwa masamba sasintha mtundu mpaka chisanu chakuya.
Siberian Brunner (Brunnera sibirica) - idatengera dzina la komwe idachokera - Siberia Yakumadzulo ndi Kummawa. Chingwe chake chachitali komanso cholimba chimayamba kulumikizana pansi, pansi pake pomwe chimakwirira dziko lapansi. Chitsamba sichikumba. Maluwa amtundu wamdima wakuda amatuluka pamwamba pamakwinya ndi masamba owondera pama panicle inflorescence. Amakonza malo onyowa. Maluwa amatenga kuyambira kumapeto kwa Meyi kwa mwezi umodzi. Kupitilira apo, mbewuyo imatsala pang'ono kuuma, koma kuyambira pakati pa Ogasiti imaphimbidwa ndi mitengo yatsopano yomwe imakhalabe mpaka chisanu.
Brunner orientalis (Brunnera orientalis) - Kwawo ndi Middle East. Sichikongoletsa kwambiri, chifukwa chake sichigwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo okongoletsera masamba, koma chimangokulira mu chilengedwe.
Zosiyanasiyana za masamba akulu akulu azithunzi
Popeza mitundu yonse Brunner ndiye wokongola kwambiri wopanga masamba akuluakulu, ndi iye yemwe adakhala maziko olimidwa osiyanasiyana.
Jack chisanu - "Frost" latanthauziridwa kuchokera ku Chingerezi kukhala "chisanu". Zosiyanasiyana zimadziwika ndi dzina pazifukwa zomveka: masamba amawoneka ngati ataphimbidwa ndi hoarfrost - mitsempha yobiriwira pazithunzi zasiliva. Mtengowo umakhala chitsamba chachikulu, chofika 60 cm. Limamasula kuyambira Meyi mpaka June ndipo limadziwika ndi kukokana kwambiri ndi chisanu.
Kusunga kukongoletsa masamba, kuthilitsidwa kwa hydra kosalekeza ndikofunikira. Chifukwa chake, gawo lakumpoto la malowa, lomwe limatetezedwa kuti lisatulutsidwe nthawi yayitali ndi dzuwa, komwe madzi amvula mumvula, ndi oyenera kubzala. Mthunzi wathunthu, monga mpendadzuwa, sibwino kubzala.
Variegata - otsika kalasi - mpaka 35 cm. Masamba amtundu wa emerald ndi kusintha m'mphepete mpaka kuyera.
Amakonzekereratu mthunzi. Mukabzala m'malo a dzuwa, masamba amawotcha ndikulephera kukongoletsa. Ikhozanso kutaya masamba amtundu wina mukangotha chilala.
Magalasi owiritsa - pomasulira - "kalilole". Kutalika kokha kwa 20 mpaka 35. Mtundu wa siliva umapambana pamtundu wa masamba. Maluwa amakhala amtambo wabuluu wokhala ndi mainchesi 5 mpaka 7 mm.
Malo amdima komanso osakhalitsa ndi oyenera kukwera. Tchire limagwira bwino mawonekedwe awo ndipo limalimbana ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Zabwino kwambiri pakukongoletsa malire ndi magawo amiyala.
Mafumu Dipo - shrub kuchokera 40 mpaka 55 cm kutalika. Masamba ndi akulu ndi mitsempha yobiriwira yakuda pamtunda wonyezimira, wonona m'mphepete. Zovuta zikukula kwambiri kuyambira kumapeto kwa Epulo mpaka pakati pa Juni. Nyengo yotentha yophukira, maluwa amatha kuyambiranso, koma, chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuchotsa inflorescence kuti mbewuyo isataye mphamvu isanachitike nthawi yozizira. Chimakula bwino pang'ono m mchenga ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse.
Mililamu Zilber - masamba a emarodi amtunduwu amaphimbidwa ndi kufalikira kwa malo oyera oyera pafupi ndi m'mphepete, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azindikirike kwambiri pakati pa enawo. Zomwe zikukula ndizofanana ndi mitundu ina.
Chipinda chasiliva - ngati mutanthauzira dzinali kuchokera ku Chingerezi kupita ku Chirasha, ndiye kuti lidzamveka ngati "siliva wamtima". Aliyense amene amawona masamba amitundu iyi yopanda pake, nthawi yomweyo zimveka bwino chifukwa chake adatchedwa dzina. Monga ambiri a siliva m'mitima yopyapyala yobiriwira komanso m'mitsempha yamaluwa. Chitsamba chimafika kutalika kwa 40 cm komanso mpaka theka la mita. Chifukwa cha tsamba lowala la masamba, limatha kupirira ngakhale dzuwa mwachindunji ndipo silikuopa chinyezi chambiri. Asili acidity sikufuna.
Kusankha malo oti mubzale brunners
Mwachizolowezi, maluwa a Brunners amabzalidwa m'mabedi amaluwa, pafupi ndi mipanda ndi njira zam'munda - amawoneka bwino kwambiri kumbali iliyonse ya mundawo. Musanabzale brunner pamalo okonzekera, phunzirani mawonekedwe ake ndi zomwe zikufunika malo - zonse zimatengera mitundu yomwe mwasankha.
Ubwino wopambana wa Brunners ndikuti umakhala womasuka pamitundu yochepa komanso m'malo okhala chinyezi chambiri. Ndiye kuti, pomwe mbewu zambiri zimapanikizika ndikukula kapena kufalikira ndi bowa. Chifukwa chake, ndi thandizo lanu mutha kulimbitsa ngodya za mundawo komwe dzuwa limangoyang'ana theka loyamba la tsiku.
Kudzala Brunners macrophylla
Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yotsitsa brunners m'malo otseguka ndi nthawi kuyambira Julayi mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti. Brunner sifunikira nthaka iliyonse kuti ibzalidwe, koma ndibwinonso ngati dothi lonyowa, lo loy ndi lolemera.
Brunner ali woletsedwa kubzala m'chaka, chifukwa nthawi imeneyi amatha kugwidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana komanso tizirombo. Koma ngati mukuganiza zobzala Brunner mchaka, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti muchite izi limodzi ndi mbewa yomwe idakuliramo isanakudzule. Ndikwabwino kubzala brunner patsiku lamitambo kapena lina lililonse, koma madzulo.
Mukabzala maluwa, ayenera kugawikidwadi - izi zimathandizanso chomeracho. Pambuyo pa maluwa, gawo la oyipawo limadulidwa, ndipo mizu imakumbidwa. Sambani kuti anakumba mizu yake bwino ndikuchotsa zovunda ndi zachikale. Kenako, dulani muzu waukuluwo mzidutswa. Delenki ayenera kukhala ndi masamba ophukira amtsogolo.
Mu zitsime musanakonzeke, ikani zidutswa za muzu (Delenki) ndikuziika. Ndikofunika kuti usaiwale kuthirira madera omwe ali ndi mizu yoyikidwa. Nthaka ikhoza kuwumbika kuti kukula kwachichepere sikukumva kuperewera ndi kutentha kwambiri.
Kuyika ndi motere:
- Gawo la mlengalenga limadulidwa, ndikusiya 10-12 cm.
- Chimbudzi chija chimakumbidwa ndikutsukidwa mumtsuko waukulu ndi madzi.
- Zigawo zolakwika zimachotsedwa.
- Ndi mpeni wakuthwa, gawani mosamala ma rhizome (osavuta pamzere wakugwa kwa chitsamba) kuti gawo lililonse likhale ndi impso imodzi.
- M'mabowo onyowa, Delenki imakhala pansi ndikukumba ndi dothi kuti isadzaze khosi.
Kukula ndi kusamalira lalikulu brunner
Chomera chimakhala chobzala kwambiri kotero kuti sichifunanso kuthirira, ngati sichoncho, chodzala pamalo abwino. Wogulitsa mopondera sangatulutse udzu. Koma mukuyenerabe kuwunika namsongole ndikulora ngati pakufunika kutero. Chokhacho chomwe sichimalepheretsa obwereza kuti azilima bwino ndi mulch mu chilimwe chotentha komanso nthawi yozizira.
Kukumba kapena kumasula dothi pansi pa brunner ndikosaloledwa - mutha kuwononga mizu, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala pafupi ndi nthaka. Asanadye nyengo yachisanu, ziwalo zam'mlengalenga ziyenera kudulidwa, kusiya zitsa za 12 cm.
Chapakatikati, mutha kuwaza michere ya feteleza wovuta mwachangu mu chipale chofulumira kuti mumasule masamba ndi mitundu yambiri ya masamba.
Kubala opereka ndalama
Brunner amafalitsa zipatso (mwakugawa chitsamba) ndi njere. Nthawi yabwino yodzala ndikukula ndikubwera kumapeto kwa nyengo, ndiye kuti mu Ogasiti. Pofika nthawi ino, chizindikiro chakutsogolo chamtsogolo chikutha. Ngati mukufuna kubzala chitsamba kale, muyenera kukumba ndi malo ambiri ndikuwunyamula popanda kuwaza chotupa.
Kufalikira kwa mbewu ndi ntchito yopweteketsa kwambiri, chifukwa kudzifesa kocheperako nkosowa. Mbewu zimacha kumapeto kwa Julayi. Kuti kumera kwabwinobwino, amafunika stratization kwa miyezi 3-4, kotero Brunner amafunika kufesedwa nyengo yachisanu isanayambe.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Masamba owuma mu brunners, ngati wabzala m'malo dzuwa, sangathe kumatchedwa matenda. M'malo mwake, awa ndi mavuto chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa ukadaulo waulimi, komwe kumachotsedwa ndikuchotsa mbewu kuti ikhale yabwino.
Koma zotupa za fungal mu mawonekedwe a powdery mildew kapena bulauni mawanga - vuto lenileni mumvula yamvula. Ngakhale chomera choterocho chodzipereka chinyezi pansi sichitha kuthana ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus okhala ndi chinyezi chambiri komanso kutentha kochepa kwa mpweya.
Mafangayi amafalikira mwachangu kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, pofuna kuti mbewuyo isataye zokongoletsera zake, mbali zonse zakhudzidwa ziyenera kuchotsedwa ndikuthiridwa ndi msanganizo wa Bordeaux kapena wothandizira wina woyenera. Monga prophylaxis, mutha kupopera phytosporin kamodzi pa masabata awiri.
Kuchokera kwa tizirombo, nsabwe za m'masamba (makamaka ngati m'derali muli nyerere zambiri), njenjete kapena njenjete za mgodi zimatha kuukira. Kuchokera pa nsabwe za m'masamba zithandiza "sopo wobiriwira" kapena yankho la phula. Poyerekeza ndi zina zonse, ndibwino kusungitsa pasadakhale ndi mapaketi angapo a mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Brunner pakupanga kwapangidwe
Chomera chimawoneka bwino m'mphepete, kukongoletsa mapiri kapena mapiri a rock. Chimawonekeranso chokongola ngati gawo lam'munsi pamabedi az maluwa ambiri. Moyenerera chimayambira maluwa ataliatali otumphukira mosakanikirana. Zimayenda bwino ndi adyo wamtchire, ferns, juniper ndi goryanka.
Mitundu yonse ya Brunners imakhala momasuka pafupi ndi dziwe, ndikupanga magombe awo kukhala obiriwira. Chomera chokhacho chokhacho chomwe chimatha kukhazikika ndipo popanda vuto chilichonse chimasintha dera lililonse la nondescript kukhala chokongola komanso chokongola.
Mapeto a maluwa ndikukonzekera yozizira
Brunner-tsamba lalikulu limasilira pachilimwe, mu Julayi. Maluwa ofota ayenera kudulidwa, kusiya masamba okha. Masamba, osafanana ndi maluwa, sataya kukongola kwawo kutangofika nyengo yozizira.
Kubwera kwa pore yozizira, masamba a brunner ayeneranso kudulidwa, popeza iwowo sadzagwa. Masamba atadulidwa kwathunthu ku duwa, amatha kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu. Brunner amatha kudzilamulira yekha, koma thandizo lina silingamupweteke. Ndikokwanira kungolimitsa nthaka ndi utuchi, masamba kapena humus.
