Bzalani ngati Clivia (Clivia) ndizogwirizana mwachindunji ndi banja la Amaryllidaceae. Kuthengo, amathanso kukumana ndi nkhalango zachilengedwe zachilengedwe za ku South Africa. Chomera cha herbaceous ichi ndi chosatha ndipo chili ndi masamba ambiri omwe amaphatikizidwa mu rosette.
Maluwa okongola a mbewu iyi omwe amatengedwa mu inflorescence nthawi zambiri amapaka utoto wachikasu, lalanje kapena ofiira. Za maluwa okongoletsedwa ndi belu pa inflorescence imodzi ndi pafupifupi zidutswa 10-20. Kutulutsa kwawo kumachitika pang'onopang'ono, ndipo maluwa pawokha amakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali. Nthawi imodzimodzi, gulu limodzi limakhala ndi mivi yamaluwa angapo.
Ngati duwa limamera pabwino, ndiye kuti maluwa ake, monga lamulo, akuyamba m'mwezi wa February kapena March. Gulu laling'ono likakwanira ndipo limaperekedwa ndi chisamaliro chabwino, limatha kutulutsa maulendo awiri mchaka chimodzi.
Chomerachi chimakhalanso ndi masamba ataliitali, omwe amawoneka ngati obiriwira. Maziko a masamba ndi okhazikika, ndipo amalumikizana kwambiri (chifukwa cha izi amawoneka ngati anyezi). Ndipo iwo ali pamalowo. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, mtengowu ulibe babu, womwe ndi kusiyana kwakukulu ndi mbewu zina za amaryllis. Clivia amakhalanso ndi mizu yopanda minofu komanso yowutsa mudyo. Itha kudziunjikira kusunga michere ndi michere.
Chomera sichimakula. Alibe zofunikira zapadera zowunikira kapena chinyezi. Zimamverera bwino kwambiri pazenera zama windows zomwe zili kumadzulo, kum'mawa kapena kumpoto kwa chipindacho.
Monga chomera pakhomo, olima maluwa nthawi zambiri amasankha mitundu yambiri monga entvia cinnabar (Clívia miniata), yotchedwanso cinnabar wallot (Vallota miniata), komanso magulu okongola, wolemekezeka (Clívia nobilis).
Mitundu yambiri yokhala ngativiavia cinnabar yatchuka monga chomera chamankhwala. Kupanga mankhwala opangira mankhwala, chomera chonse chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, kapena, masamba ndi mizu. Chifukwa chake, nzika za ku Zulus mothandizidwa ndi ma squvia rhizome zimagwira chimfine, ndikupanganso chida chomwe chitha kuchepetsa kwambiri ululu chifukwa choluma njoka.
Komabe, pochiza matenda a rhizome of membvia cinnabar, chisamaliro makamaka chikuyenera kuchitika. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ili ndi ma alkaloids ena, omwe amachititsa kuti akhale oopsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, popanda chidziwitso chapadera, ndibwino kuti musamadzipangire nokha.
Clivia amasamalira kunyumba
Kusamalira maguluwa ndikosavuta, chinthu chachikulu kukumbukira ndikuti muyenera kuyisokoneza ngati njira yomaliza. Chifukwa chake, sikulimbikitsidwanso kukonzanso, kumasula, kufalitsa, kupukutira, komanso chepetsa.
Kupepuka
Chomera chimakumana molakwika kwambiri kuti chiwongolere kuwala kwa dzuwa, chifukwa chake chimayenera kusinthidwa kuti chisasinthidwe. Imamveka bwino pazenera la windows lomwe lili kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwa chipindacho. Itha kuyikidwanso pawindo lakumpoto, koma ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti pamenepo kukula kwa magulu aang'ono kumachepetsa ndipo, mwina, maluwa sangachitike konse. M'nyengo yotentha, ndikulimbikitsidwa kusunthira duwa kumsewu ndikusankha penumbra chifukwa chake.
Mitundu yotentha
Duwa ili limamverera bwino kwambiri kutentha kwapadera. Nthawi yakula, ndibwino kupereka chomera kutentha kwa madigiri 20-25. Nthawi yopuma, yomwe imayamba m'mwezi wa Okutobala, kutentha kwa chipindacho kuyenera kuchepetsedwa mpaka madigiri 12-14. Gulu lachigiriki litakhala ndi peduncle, limayikidwa mu chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya madigiri 18-20.
Chinyezi
Maluwa alibe chilichonse chofunikira chinyezi.
Momwe mungamwere
Chomerachi chimayenera kuthiriridwa madzi ochepa, kwinaku akuwonetsetsa kuti palibe madzi omwe amasonkhana poto. Munthawi yokhala matalala, duwa silithiriridwa madzi, kapena kumachitika kawirikawiri. Mphukira zikadzayamba kupangika, malo ena amayamba kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri ndipo madzi ofunda amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamenepa.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Ndikofunikira kudyetsa mbewu pokhapokha maluwa, komanso kukula kwamphamvu. Chifukwa chake, nthawi ya maluwa, feteleza uyenera kuyikidwa pansi panthaka 2 pamwezi. Potere, feteleza amasankhidwa omwe amakhala ndi nayitrogeni pang'ono. Izi ndichifukwa choti nayitrogeni angapangitse kuti pakhale popanda maluwa awiri, koma masamba adzakula bwino.
Zolemba za nthawi yopuma
Clivia amafunika kuwonetsetsa kuti apumula nthawi yayitali, chifukwa iyi ndiye njira yodziwika bwino yoyendera maluwa. Monga lamulo, chiyambi chake chimagwera m'mwezi wa Okutobala kapena Novembala. Kutalika kwa nthawi imeneyi ndi miyezi 2-3. Kuti chomera chilowe mu matalala, mu nthawi yophukira sayenera kungoikidwa m'chipinda chozizira, komanso kuthirira kwambiri.
Ndikosatheka kubweretsa feteleza m'nthaka nthawi ino. Kutentha kolimbikitsidwa m'chipindacho momwe muliolandia ndi madigiri 10-12. Komabe, ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti pa chipinda wamba kutentha nthawi yonse imayamba bwino. Mbewu ikayamba kuchotsa masamba, imafunika kuthiriridwa mwachangu (pang'ono).
Maluwa
Pomwe chomera chaching'ono chake m'maluwa chimangokhala nthawi 1 pachaka. Duwa likadzakhala lakale, limaphuka kawiri pachaka (koma ngati lili la thanzi). Pamapeto pa nthawi yokhala pansi, mauwa amapanga muvi wamaluwa ndipo utafika kutalika kwa masentimita 10-15, duwa limasunthidwa kupita kuchipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwawamba kuchipinda ndikuwapatsa madzi ambiri. Chomera sichilimbikitsidwa kukhudzidwa mpaka muvi wa maluwa utakula kale, umangololedwa kuthilira nthawi ino (mowerengeka komanso pang'ono). Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kusinthasintha kwakuthwa kwa kutentha kumatha kuyimitsa kukhazikika kwa masamba. Pomwe maluwa atapuma anali pa kutentha kwa firiji, amangofunika kuwonjezera kuthirira. Nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kuthira mbewu ndi madzi ofunda kuti muchezere kukula kwa peduncle. Kusunthira mphika wamaluwa nthawi yamaluwa ndi maluwa sikuletsedwa.
Maluwa atatha, osasiya kuthirira komanso kuthira maluwawo. M'miyezi yotsiriza yachilimwe, maluwa amatha kukhalanso. M'malo momwe peduncle siziwoneka, chomera chimatha kupereka nthawi yopumira. Kuti tichite izi, imakonzedwanso m'malo amdima komanso ozizira, samadyetsedwa, ndipo kuthirira ndikosowa kwambiri. Pakupita masabata angapo, mutha kuwona kuti entvia wapanga peduncle.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti maluwa amatha kuchitika popanda nyengo yocheperako, koma ndizo zonse, chifukwa mbewu iyi ndi yopanda tanthauzo kwambiri. Imatha kuzolowera pafupifupi chilichonse, ndipo kamodzi pachaka, magulu azilime. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti maluwa amapezeka nthawi iliyonse nthawi zosiyanasiyana.
Mbewu zitha kupezeka kuchokera ku chomeracho, koma mungu woyesa umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zipatso zobiriwira zimakhala ndi mtundu wofiira wofiyira pakatha chaka chimodzi. Nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kudziwa kuti nthawi yopanga zipatso zimayenera kudyetsedwa nthawi zonse. Mbewu zitha kukolola pokhapokha zipatso zitakhala zofewa.
Kusakaniza kwadothi
Chomera ichi, chisakanizo cha nthaka chopangidwa ndi tsamba ndi ma turf, komanso mchenga, wotengedwa mu chiyerekezo cha 2: 2: 1, ndichabwino. Mukhozanso kusakaniza humus, turf ndi peat nthaka, yotengedwa muyezo wa 1: 2: 1, ndikutsanulira mchenga pang'ono. Musaiwale za kukoka zabwino.
Momwe mungasinthire
Kuika kumachitika pokhapokha ngati pakufunika, mwachitsanzo, mizu ikasiya kulowa m'mphika. Ndikwabwino kudziika malire kuti muteteze mizu kuti isawononge zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mizu, makamaka ngati dothi lonyowa kwambiri. Mphika uyenera kumwedwa mopitilira muyeso.
Momwe mungafalitsire
Zofalitsidwa ndi ana ndi mbewu zamtsogolo. Ana owerengeka amalumikizidwa kuchokera ku maluwa akuluakulu pakukula, pomwe ayenera kukhala ndi masamba anayi. Pakubzala gwiritsani ntchito miphika yaying'ono yodzazidwa ndi mchenga komanso dothi lamasamba. Madzi ochepa. Maluwa amabwera zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu.
Zofesa mbewu zimabereka posachedwa kuti zipse. Pofesa, gwiritsani ntchito chisakanizo chamchenga ndi dothi. Mbande ziwoneka m'miyezi 1-1.5. Kuika kumachitika pambuyo pa kuwonekera kwa tsamba 1. Kukula kumayamba pang'onopang'ono, ndipo magulu oterewa amaphuka kokha pakatha zaka zitatu kapena zinayi.
Tizilombo
Mealybug kapena scutellum imatha kukhazikika. Kuti muwawononge, pukutsani mbewuyo ndi chinkhupule chonyowetsedwa m'madzi a soapy ndikuwachitira ndi solution ya Actellik.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
- Phula lalifupi - chinyezi chochepa kwambiri kapena kuzizira kwambiri.
- Masamba otuwa kwambiri - kusowa kwa michere. Dyetsani maluwa.
- Kukula kwa Peduncle kuyima - kwambiri, nthawi yayitali yopumira. Thirirani mbewu nthawi zambiri ndi madzi ofunda (kutentha osaposa 40 digiri).
- Maonekedwe ofiira kapena oyera pamaso masamba -Kuotcha kwatsala dzuwa. Pitani kumalo osinthika.
- Maluwa samachitika - Kusowa kwa kuwala kapena kutentha kwambiri kwa mpweya. Gawani mbewuyo nthawi yopumira.
