Okhola bowa ambiri amawona bowa wa spongy kukhala mphatso yamtengo wapatali kwambiri kutchire chifukwa cha zamkati zawo komanso zowonda, koma osanyalanyaza zina, osachulukitsa, gulu - bizinesi ya lamellar. Ngakhale mapangidwe a thupi lawo la bowa alibe machitidwe oterowo ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala owonda komanso osalimba, pali bowa wokoma kwambiri pakati pa toyesa, makamaka mawonekedwe. Zowona, bowa wambiri wam'madzi komanso wosakhazikika, komanso mitundu ya poizoni yomwe imayambitsa ngozi yayikulu, imwani mafuta onenepa. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa bowa waminyewa ndi ma tubular, ndi zomwe ali, tikambirana za lero.
Makhalidwe a gulu
Monga mukudziwa, kuti mudziwe mgwirizano wama bowa ku gulu linalake, muyenera kuyang'ana pansi pa chipewa. Ngati oimira tubular ali ndi chinkhupule chokulungika pansi pake, kenako bowa wa lamellar, mayina ndi zithunzi za ena adzaperekedwa pansipa, zimasiyana kwambiri pakapangidwe kawo: m'mphepete mwa chipewa, kuyambira mwendo mpaka m'mphepete mwake, pali mbale zowonda zomwe amadikirira m'mapiko kukhomera spores. Mtundu ndi mawonekedwe a mbalezo zimakhala zosiyana siyana ndipo zimatengera mitundu, kutanthauza mafangayi. Mwa zina, zimadutsa mwendo, koma ena amazisakaniza ndi zina, pomwe ena sakwanitsa kufikira mwendo, womwe uli pachigoba chokha.
Palinso bowa momwe mumakhala zolumikizana pakati pa mbale zomwe zimalumikizana wina ndi mnzake, chifukwa chomwe ma mesh abwino amapezeka.
Kuphatikiza apo, bowa wambiri wa agaric ali ndi mwendo wopanda kanthu. Itha kukhala mwamtheradi ngakhale yokongoletsedwa ndi mphete yotsalira ya mabedi yomwe imakwirira chipewa cha toyesa achinyamata. Pamene chophimbacho chikukula, chophimba chimang'ambika ndipo mbali yake, yotsalira pamendo, imapanga mphete.
Pafupifupi ma bowa onse agaric secrete madzi amkaka, ndipo omwe alibe, amatchedwa "obera."
Bowa wa Agaric
Ngakhale kuti ndi mnofu wosalimba, womwe nthawi zambiri umaphika nthawi yophika, bowa wa agaric ndi wabwino kwambiri, makamaka akamakandidwa kapena kuzifutsa. Koma chifukwa cha msuzi, mwatsoka, sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa zomwezi, kupatula bowa wa uchi ndi mitundu ina - zimapirira komanso zimasintha mawonekedwe awo kuposa ena.
Pakati pa bowa wabwino kwambiri
- Ndimu ya bowa Chimodzi mwazomwe bowa zomwe mungachite zonse, kuphatikizapo kuwira, ndichisoni kuti chimakula ku Far East kokha. Chipewa ndi chaching'ono, chotalika masentimita 10, chamtundu wokongola wa mandimu, zigawo zimadutsa bwino mpaka mwendo wautali, ngati bowa wa oyisitara, (pafupifupi 9 cm), womwe umayamba kukula pakati, koma umasuntha ndi zaka. Guwa ndi loyera komanso lachifundo, limanunkhiza ufa, koma bowa wakale umakhala wozungulira.
- Wofiirira. Ngakhale ma ntchofu oyipa omwe amaphimba chipewa cha bulauni chopepuka ndi malo amdima osawoneka bwino, bowa ndiwokoma kwambiri mu mawonekedwe ndi mchere. Chokhacho chofunikira kuganizira ndikuti ma plates akuluakulu omwe ali pansi pa chipewericho amayenera kukhalabe oyera, chifukwa bowa wakale amakhala ndi khungu ndipo bowa amataya ulaliki wake, makamaka akaphika.
- Cobweb wofiirira. Chimodzi mwama bowa omwe ndiovuta kusakaniza - mtundu wake wofiirira nthawi yomweyo amakopa chidwi chake, koma osawopa, chifukwa bowa ndiwopezeka wonse. Chipewa chofiyira pang'onopang'ono pansi chili ndi mbale zakuda ndikuyimirira mwendo wamtali. Guwa ndi mtundu womwewo, limanunkhira khungu.
- Russula ndi buluu. Imadziwika ndi chipewa chambiri chamafuta ndi maulemu oyera oyera, pomwe chipewaacho chimapakidwa utoto wokongola wa buluu wokhala ndi lilac wokhala ndi malo amdima. Mwendo woyera pakati umakhala wonenepa pang'ono. Kuguza ndi zopepuka, zimakoma bwino.
- Champignon nkhalango. Imodzi mwa bowa wokoma kwambiri wokhala ndi zonunkhira zachilendo komanso zotsekemera, zomwe, zikasweka, zimasanduka zofiirira. Amasiyana ndi "abale ake owoneka ngati nkhope" ndi chipewa chofiirira yokutidwa ndi masikelo.
Bowa wambiri womwe ndi wowoneka bwino amasekera ali mwana, ndipo m'mafanizo akalewo mumakhala mdima, ndipo thupi limakhala "lolimba" ndikusowa mukayesa kudula bowa, kapena umakhala wovuta komanso wosasangalatsa.
Zojambula zokongola, koma zosaoneka
Bowa wowoneka bwino samakumana ndi zomwe amayembekeza nthawi zina, ndipo nthawi zina amatha kudabwa ndi kukoma kwawo. Pali "zabodza" zotere pakati pa bowa zomwe sizingatheke:
- Mtundu wa azitona wobiriwira wakuda. Chipewa chachikulu cha bowa wachichepere chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a chulu ndipo ndi chobiriwira chakuda, ndiye chimawongoleredwa ndikuyamba kuda. Mbale zazikasu zazikaso zambiri zimachita khungu ndi ukalamba. Squat wandiweyani mwendo bulauni, wopindika. Thupi limawawa.
- Ma miller satenga nawo mbali (amatinso oak kapena duvet). Amamera, pansi pake, pansi pa mitengo yazithunzithunzi, chipewacho chimakhala chofiyira, chofiirira, chokhala ndi pakati komanso mphete zowala. Mwendo ndi womwewo. Guwa limapereka fungo lamafuta komanso lonunkhira.
- Muntu wa mfulo. Kunja, ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi bowa wa oyisitara, zipewa zofiirira zachikaso ngati zophukira zimapezeka pamitengo. Mutha kusiyanitsa ma pilolist pa mbale kuchokera ku bowa wa oyisitara: ndiwotalika ndipo amakhala ndi m'mphepete mwa seva. Chipewa chiacho chimakutidwa ndi khungu lakomedwa ndi zingwe zazing'ono. Zamkati ndi zolimba komanso zowawa.
- Wopayikiratu. Bowa limawoneka ngati mtanda wa pepala: chipewa chokhala ndi khosi pakati chimakutidwa ndi khungu la kirimu cha velvet, m'mbali mwake Mwendo waufupi ndi loyera, ndipo mbale ndizosowa, pomwe bere limakhala ndi mwendo wautali ndipo ma plates omwe ali pansi pa chipewacho ndi wandiweyani. Kuguba kwake ndi kochepa thupi.
Kuwonongeka kwa bowa nthawi zambiri kumapereka fungo lake, kotero sikungakhale kopepuka "kufutira" chuma chomwe chidapezeka.
Bowa wowopsa wokhala ndi mbale pansi pa chipewa
Monga tanena kale, pali bowa wapoizoni wambiri mwa lamellae, yemwe sangathe kusungidwa ndi kuwonongedwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito bowa wotere kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zomvetsa chisoni:
- Entoloma ndi poyizoni (ndi mbale ya pinki). Bowa wokongola kwambiri wokhala ndi mwendo wandiweyani wowoneka ngati kalabu ndi chipewa chachikulu chikaso chamaso chokhala ndi mainchesi mpaka 20 cm. Mbale zokulirapo ndizoyambirira, kenako kuwombera. Kugunda ndikosasangalatsa, ndikununkhira kowawa.
- Russula Mayra. Chipewa chaching'ono (zosaposa 7 masentimita) chikapakidwa utoto wamtundu wamtundu wa pinki, mbale zake ndizakuda, zoyera ndi pang'ono pang'onopang'ono. Mwendo umakhala woyera, wowonda, wachikasu pakapita nthawi. Zikho zimanunkhira ngati kokonati, bowa wakale amangokhala ndi fungo lokoma, koma ndi fungo lokoma.
- Amanita porphyry. Chipewa cha bulauni chimayamba kupindika, kenako chimakhala kokhazikika, yokutidwa ndi mamba. Mwendo ndi wautali, wopindika pamwamba. Mnofu wopepuka umanunkhira zosasangalatsa.
- Pulasitiki wanyunyu. Chipewa ndi choyera ndi utoto wofiirira, wosalala, wotupa pakati. Mendo ndi woonda, wowonda. Mbalezo ndizopepuka, kenako zimadetsedwa.
Zizindikiro za poyizoni sizingaoneke nthawi yomweyo, kapena ngakhale kusapezeka konse poyamba, koma poizoni wowopsa amawononga chiwindi chanu mkati, chifukwa chake musachiike pachiwopsezo ndi bwino kusiya bowa uyu kunkhalango.
Bowa wa Lamellar ndi amodzi mwa magulu ochulukirapo, omwe amaphatikizapo zonse zofunika za kukhitchini komanso zowopsa kwambiri. Musamale musananyamuke kuti musawasakanize, ndikudutsa bowa wopanda tanthauzo. Zaumoyo ndizokwera mtengo kuposa zoyesa!
