Chirengedwe chomwechi chayika mwa munthu kukonda mbewu ndi maluwa. Anthu amachita chidwi ndi kubzala komanso kusamalira gladioli mumiphika, amasilira maluwa okongola, kutulutsa fungo lamaluwa, amawona kukula ndi chitukuko. Ngakhale m'nyumba, munthu amayang'ana kuzungulira yekha ndi zomera zokongola zachilengedwe. Duwa gladiolus chifukwa cha voluminous komanso muzu wazitali ndi wa mbewu zaminda. Koma obereketsa adatha kupangira mitundu yapadera ya gladioli yoyenera kulima, panyumba komanso pamsewu.
Malamulo obzala gladioli mumiphika
Duwa la gladiolus, chifukwa cha ukulu ndi kukongola kwake, amatchedwa "loto la gladiator". Malinga ndi nthano yakale, gladiolus imawoneka ngati duwa la osaka nkhondo omwe sanafune kupita kunkhondo ndi omenyera. Mpaka pano, gladiolus ndi chizindikiro chaubwenzi, ulemu komanso kukumbukira!
Momwe mungabzalire gladioli mumphika:
- Kusankha kokweza kuthekera. Payenera kukhala miphika yokhala ndi malo, maluwa, zomata kapena zokhala ndi mulifupi wa 20 mpaka 30 cm ndikuzama 30-30 cm.
- Madzimadzi amafunikira. Chinyontho chowonjezera chimavulaza gladioli, kotero, zonyowa zam'munsi mwa thankiyo ndi mabowo apadera pansi pa mphaka ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti pakhale maluwa okongola komanso amphamvu.
- Pansi panthaka. Dothi lanyowa ndi loyumbika ndioyenera kubzala ndi kusamalira gladioli mumiphika. Ngakhale mmera utakula bwino, nthaka iyenera kukhala yopatsa thanzi komanso yopanda chinyezi.
- Kubzala zinthu. Podzala, muyenera kusankha mababu onse athanzi okhaokha, mitundu yoyenera yopanda tsinde yoposa 50 cm (kakang'ono kapena maluwa yaying'ono).
- Nthawi yowulula. Nthawi yodzala gladioli ndi yotakata - kuyambira kumapeto kwa Marichi mpaka pakati pa Meyi.
Ma gladioli adabzala m'miphika mu Marichi, ndipo amafikira pafupi ndi chilimwe, mkati mwa Epulo komanso koyambirira kwa Meyi, nawonso soletsedwa. Bulb imayikiridwira munthaka yobzala ndi 10 kapena 12 cm, pomwe mtunda pakati pawo suyenera kupitirira masentimita 5-6 Pambuyo pa masabata awiri kapena atatu, mudzatha kusangalala ndi mphukira zoyambirira. Malo abwino oti miphika yokhala ndi gladioli kumene kuli phokoso, dzuwa ndi kutentha, madzi amvula sayenera kulowa pazomera. Kuti mumvetse bwino zaukadaulo, onerani kanema wobzala gladioli mumiphika.
Kukula gladioli kunyumba ndi kunja
Gladiolus ndi wa banja la iris, padziko lapansi pali mitundu pafupifupi 5,000 yomwe ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mtundu ndi mtundu. Gawo lodziwika bwino la gladioli ndi nthawi yayitali yopanda maluwa komanso moyo wautali atadula.
Kodi ndizotheka kubzala gladioli mumiphika? Inde, duwa ndilabwino kwa makonde owoneka bwino ndi loggias, miphika yamaluwa imatha kuwonetsedwa pamayendedwe m'mundamu komanso mu kanyumba kanyumba, maluwa oyenda kwambiri amatha kusintha nyumba komanso nyumba yapadera. Kwa aliyense wamaluwa wamaluwa kapena katswiri wa ntchito zamaluwa, kukula kwa gladioli kudzakhala ntchito yosangalatsa komanso yosangalatsa, ndipo ngati malamulo onse atsatiridwa, mutha kukwaniritsa chodabwitsa - chokhalitsa chamtunda chazitali komanso chobiriwira mpaka kugwa.
Maluwa opitirirabe a gladioli amasamalidwa ndikubzala mbeu ziwiri zilizonse zowonjezera ma peiz mu miphika, obzala kapena muli. Njira iyi ndi yabwino kwa gladiolus.
Kusamalira maluwa a gladiolus popanda zolakwika
Ulimi wa gladiolus wowumbika ndi woyenera kuzomera zazing'ono, zazing'ono, zazing'ono komanso zamtunda wamtundu wa gladioli. Izi zimathandiza munthu kuti azikongoletsa nyumba yawo komanso khonde, kubereketsa maluwa okongola mdziko muno ndi maluwa, kubzala maluwa m'mapoto amaluwa ndi maluwa oyala pansi. Zinthu zokongoletsera za gladioli zimasungidwa pokhapokha chinyezi m'nthaka, chinyezi chowonjezera chimatha kuwononga mbewu. Kuthirira kunyumba kuyenera kuchitika katatu pa sabata. Panjira mumasiku otentha, muyenera kuthilira maluwa kawiri pa tsiku - m'mawa ndi maola a madzulo. Kukhala kofunikira kuwaza dothi ndi mulch, lomwe limasunga chinyezi bwino komanso kuteteza ku nkhungu.
Kavalidwe koyenera ndiye njira yokhazikitsira maluwa okongola komanso okongola a gladioli.
Zosakaniza zam'madzi zochokera ku nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu, feteleza wachilengedwe ndi zinthu zina zothandizira kukulitsa ndizoyenera izi. Chovala choyambirira chitha kuchitika pa gawo loyang'ana tsamba lachitatu, feteleza nthawi yachiwiri ikadzayamba tsamba lachisanu ndi chimodzi litakula. Komanso, ndikofunika kuchita feteleza nthawi yopanga inflorescence.
Kunja gladioli mumiphika - zofunika:
- Kukonzekera. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuwiritsa nyemba musanabzala mu njira ya potaziyamu permanganate ndende ya 0,1% kwa theka la ola.
- Tikufika Malamulo abzalidwe panja amakhalabe osasinthika: mulifupi wokwanira ndi thanki yakuzama yopanda madzi, ngalande zamadzi mpaka pansi, nthaka yachonde komanso yopanda chonde. Tikufika timaloledwa masentimita 10-12 kuchokera kumapeto kwa Marichi mpaka kumapeto kwa Meyi, kutengera gawo pang'ono pakati pa mababu a gladiolus.
- Kuthirira. Nthaka mumipanda imawuma mwachangu kuposa malo otseguka, kotero dothi mumphika kapena duwa la maluwa liyenera kukhala lonyowa, koma popanda chinyezi chowonjezera. Chifukwa chake, kuthirira mbewu kuyenera kutengera chilengedwe ndi chinyezi. Mizu ya gladioli imafunikira kumasulidwa kwadongosolo, kutumphuka kwa kutumphuka kumasokoneza kukula kwa mbewuyo ndi mtundu wa maluwa.
- Mavalidwe apamwamba. Gladioli iyenera kumeza manyowa pansi pa muzu ndi kunja kwa mizu. Zopangira feteleza zimayikidwa maulendo 4 - pa tsamba la 3, pa tsamba 6, zotsatirazi - panthawi ya maluwa ndi koyambirira kwa maluwa. Zinthu zachilengedwe zimayambitsidwa ngati pakufunika kutero, zopatsa mphamvu zimayambitsidwa kawiri nthawi ya chilimwe - awa akhoza kukhala okonzekera a Zircon ndi Epin.
- Chitetezo. Matenda nthawi zambiri amabwera ndi gladioli mbiya mukabzala ndi kuzisamalira. Kupewa komanso kuyang'anira duwa bwino kumateteza kufa kwa gladiolus ku tizirombo.
- Kumasuka. Mtundu wapadera wa gladiolus umakonda dothi lopepuka komanso louma. Ikapangidwa pamwamba pa peel, njira yowola imatha kuyamba, chifukwa chake, mbewuyo imafa kapena kutaya mawonekedwe ake okongola. Masulani nthaka mozungulira tsinde kuzungulira poto.
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe akunja amtundu wa gladiolus malupanga, dzina lake lachiwiri ndi fennel. Maluwa osalala awa ndiwotchukira ponse ponse - amatha kudalidwa poyera pamsewu kapena m'munda, komanso m'malo apanja pawindo, khonde kapena loggia. Maluwa odabwitsa a gladioli amatha kusungidwa nthawi yonse ya chilimwe mpaka nyengo yozizira kwambiri, bola atathandizidwa mosamala komanso molondola.
