Amakhulupirira kuti akalulu ndi nyama zachifundo kwambiri zomwe zimafunikira chisamaliro chapadera pakudyetsa ndi kuzikongoletsa.
Woyambitsa kalulu aliyense woyamba ayenera kuphunzira kudyetsa akalulu. Zakudya za akalulu zimayenera kukhala zopatsa thanzi, zokhala ndi zakudya zatsopano, kuti thupi lizipanga kutentha nthawi zonse ndikupanga chitetezo chokwanira komanso mphamvu zawo.
Onaninso nkhaniyo: kuphika kalulu?
Asanapangire mndandanda wa akalulu, ndikofunikira kuti aphunzire mawonekedwe awo olimbitsa thupi, chifukwa amadya chakudya pafupifupi nthawi yonseyo. Amadyanso zopitilira 60% usiku, ndiye pofika madzulo odyetserawo amakhala ndi zakudyazo pazofunikira zake. Kudya pafupipafupi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kufunika kwa madzi. Ngati madzi sakulowa m'maselo awo popanda izi, kudzera m'mapaipi akumwa oikidwa, ndiye kuti madzulo muyenera kudzaza akumwa pamwamba ndi madzi. Mukamachezera m'mawa ku ziweto zawo, woweta kalulu amawona mbale zopanda kanthu. Zowona, izi zimachitika nthawi yachisanu. Ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yozizira, kufunikira kwa madzi kumachepa, ndipo akalulu amayamba kumwa pang'ono. Ngakhale izi, ngakhale nthawi yozizira, madzi ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri chakudya chawo.
Ngati akalulu amasungidwa m'malo obisalirapo, ndikofunikira kuti madzi otentha azimwe mu zakumwa zotentha pa kutentha kochepa. Kuchita izi kumachitika kawiri pa tsiku. Madzi mu akalulu sayenera kuzizira kwambiri.
Akazi omwe akuyembekeza kuti adzabwezeretsenso ndikuthira, ayenera kupezeka ndi madzi otentha mosasamala nthawi ya chaka kapena kutentha.
Akalulu amapatsidwa udzu wobiriwira komanso mitundu ina yazakudya. Zakudya za akalulu amagawidwa m'mitundu iyi:
- ziphuphu;
- chakudya chowonjezera;
- zipatso zamasamba ndi masamba.
Akalulu amayenera kukhala ndi madzi oyera nthawi zonse kwa omwe amamwa. Nthawi zina amalimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera mavitamini apadera a akalulu kumadzi, omwe amasintha machitidwe am'mimba ndikuthandizira kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Mavitamini a Chiktonik amatchuka kwambiri pakati pa mavitamini onse, 1 ml imodzi ya madzi amathandizira. Pazakudya, ndibwino kukonzekera zopereka zapadera zomwe zingathandize kuti zisapondere.
Pakakhala kuti ma feed angapo osiyanasiyana amadyetsedwa 1 kudyetsa, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mumangopereka chakudya chokwanira, kenako chokoma. Kudyetsa kwatsopano kuyenera kuyambitsidwa, kuyambira pama voliyumu yaying'ono ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa chizolowezi cha tsiku ndi tsiku.
Chakudya chopatsa chidwi
Zakudya zamafuta kwambiri ndizomwe zimakonda kwambiri akalulu. Ndi kuyamba kwa kutentha kwa masika, ndikofunikira kudyetsa zoweta ndi zitsamba zomwe zimakula bwino (dambo), mbewu za mandimu, ndikupatsanso akalulu topper kuchokera ku masamba ochokera m'mundamo ndi chakudya kabichi.
Sizoletsedwa kutipatsa akalulu udzu womwe wangokulidwa kumene. Mosalephera, udzu uyenera kumera pang'ono. Kuchokera pa udzu watsopano wa akalulu, m'mimba mumatha kuphuka ndipo m'mimba mungakomoke zinthu zomwe zingayambitse kuti chiweto chife.
Zitsamba zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa kuperekedwa kwa akalulu m'chilimwe:
- dandelions kumunda;
- alfalfa;
- nkhata zamaluwa;
- kachilombo kakang'ono;
- udzu;
- leek;
- clover;
- mbewu monga chimanga ndi nyemba, nyemba, nyemba, chimanga.
Musamapatse akalulu masamba osadziwika, makamaka ngati ayambitsa kukayikira kapena kukayikira.
Kudyetsa akalulu ndi nyemba ndi phala kumayenera kusakanizidwa. Nthambi zina ndi nthangala sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti zikhale ndi kalulu, ndibwino kuzisakaniza ndi ndiwo zamasamba kuti mupewe kusangalala.
Monga chakudya chobiriwira, mutha kupatsa nsonga za masamba awa:
- swede;
- mpiru;
- nyama zodyera;
- beets shuga;
- mbatata
- kaloti.
Ndi zoletsedwa kudyetsa nsonga za phwetekere kwa akalulu. Pamtunda kuchokera mbatata zimaperekedwa zazing'ono, zomwe zidayimitsidwa kale.
Ndi bwinonso kupatsanso nsapato zazing'onoting'ono zazing'ono, chifukwa zimakhala ndi mankhwala ofewetsa thukuta. Gawo la nsonga za bere sayenera kupitirira gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a chakudya chobiriwira.
Zakudya zamafuta ambiri zimaphatikizanso masamba monga kaloti ndi beets (feed) dzungu, zukini, zomwe ndizothandiza kwambiri kukongoletsa zazikazi kuti ziwonjezere kuchuluka kwa mkaka komanso amuna ogwira ntchito.
Zakudya zozikika
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti anthu omwe adyetsedwa chakudya amapatsidwa chakudya chokwanira:
- chimanga (oats, tirigu, barele);
- chakudya chamagulu cha akalulu;
- chinangwa;
- keke;
- mafupa ndi nsomba chakudya;
- mbewu za nyemba;
- chakudya cha nyama.
Chakudya chophatikizika chimayenera kukhala chakudya chambiri cha nyama. Ndiwopatsa thanzi kwambiri komanso otsekemera. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi mapuloteni ambiri omwe amapezeka mwa iwo ndi madzi ochepa, omwe amathandizira kukula kwakukulu ndikuwonjezera kuyamwa kwa akazi oyamwitsa.
Chakudya chabwino kwambiri cha akalulu ndi oats, omwe amakhala ndi michere yambiri ndipo ndi zakudya zopanda zakudya. Kudyetsa oats sikumabweretsa kunenepa kwambiri ku akalulu ndipo kumakhala ndi phindu pa chimbudzi. Mafuta amapatsidwa zosefa zophwanyika ndi zonse.
Amadyetsa monga tirigu, barele ndi rye amaperekedwa bwino m'malo ophwanyika komanso pang'ono, kusakaniza ndi mitundu ina ya chakudya.
Chakudya cha mafupa ndi nsomba chimakhala ndi protein yambiri (mpaka 50%) ndipo ndizabwino zowonjezera pazakudya zazikulu. Kuphatikiza ufa kumalimbikitsidwa ndi zakudya zonyowa muyezo wa magalamu 5 pamutu.
Zakudya zosakanikirana zamagulu a kalulu zimalemera ndi mavitamini ofunikira kwambiri, ma microelements, komanso monga nyemba. Zakudya zosakanizika ngati izi zimatha kusintha mitundu yonse yazakudya zina.
Pali mitundu iwiri yazakudya ya akalulu:
- PC 90-1, yopangidwa kudyetsa akalulu kuyambira mwezi umodzi mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi;
- PC 93-1, yopangidwira kudyetsa anthu omwe ali ndi nyama, imayenereranso akalulu ang'onoang'ono mpaka miyezi itatu.
Sizachilendo kwa obereketsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito chakudya chopangira nkhumba kudyetsa akalulu. Mutha kudyetsa ziweto zanu ndi chakudya chamagulu, koma ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chamagulu chomwe chimapangidwira akalulu.
Palibe chifukwa osagwiritsa ntchito chakudya chamagulu cha mbalame (nkhuku, abakha, atsekwe), chifukwa ali ndi miyala ing'onoing'ono ndi chipolopolo.
Chakudya chophatikiza chomwe chimapangidwira kudyetsa nkhumba kapena ng'ombe siziyenera kupitirira theka la zakudya za kalulu tsiku lililonse. Zakudya zapadera za akalulu zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa zakudya zina.
Chakudya chophatikiza
Ha, mphukira ndi udzu ndizakudya zopanda pake za akalulu. Ayenera kukhala m'zakudya, popeza amatha kukonza chimbudzi ndi kukukuta mano. Chomwe amakonda kwambiri akalulu pakati pa mitengo yong'ambika ndi nthambi za mitengo yazipatso ndi zitsamba zotsatirazi:
- mthethe;
- rasipiberi;
- mitengo ya maapulo;
- mitengo ya linden;
- msondodzi
- Aspens.
Amva ziweto zambiri zosangalatsa gnaw makungwa ochokera ku nthambi, potero kukukuta mano. Kumwa masamba pafupipafupi kumapulumutsa kalulu woweta kalulu ku vuto loterekukuta.
Chinthu china chofunikira pa zakudya za akalulu ndi mchere (nyere). Muli chakudya, michere ndi mavitamini ofunikira a kalulu. Mchere wamchere:
- zimakhudza bwino zonse zofunikira mthupi la ziweto;
- bwino kagayidwe;
- imathandizira kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi.
Hay ndiye chakudya chachikulu cha zingapo zokhala ngati roughage. Mitundu imodzimodziyi ya zobiriwira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokoma m'chilimwe zimakololedwa kuti zitheke. Hay amalimbikitsidwa musanayambe maluwa. Udzu wosenda uyenera kuwuma kwa masiku angapo padziko lapansi, kenako nkuwuma pansi pa denga. Kuti kalulu mmodzi wamkulu azikondweretsa nyengo yachisanu, ndikofunikira kukonzekera msipu wa ma kilogalamu 45 a hay.
Nthambi zimafunanso kukololedwa pasadakhale, kuzisonkhanitsa m'ma bouti ndikuziwumitsa pansi padenga, m'malo opumira. Nthambi zimagwira ngati gwero lowonjezera la mavitamini m'nyengo yachisanu. Sizachilendo kwa obereketsa akalulu kuti adyetse ziweto zawo ndi nthambi za spruce, paini ndi mkungudza nthawi yachisanu. Amathandizira chidwi komanso kuwonjezera ntchito za kukula. Ndikadyetsa pafupipafupi nthambi zodziyankhira kwa akalulu, ubweya wawo umakhala wosalala komanso wowala.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupatsirana nthambi zocheperako pang'ono ndikumapuma kwa milungu ingapo masiku 20-25 alionse.
Kuswana akalulu pamalo amodzi ndi ntchito yosangalatsa. Tizikumbukira kuti ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamagulu a kalulu ngati chakudya m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse ya zakudya, ngati sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera zomwe zingayambitse mavuto kwa anthu. Koma ndi zakudya zopangidwa moyenera, akalulu nthawi zonse amakhala otakataka komanso achimwemwe.
