Dzimbiri pamasamba a mtengo wa maapulo, komanso zofooka zina paz magawo osiyanasiyana a mbewu zimawonetsa kukhalapo kwa matendawa. Ngati zizindikiro zotere zikupezeka, ayenera kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu.
Zosiyanasiyana zamatenda a apulo
Masiku ano, pali matenda ambiri a mtengo wa maapozi. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ndi iyi:
- khansa yakuda;
- nkhanambo;
- ufa wowonda;
- zipatso zowola.
Matenda aliwonse ndi oopsa mwanjira yake. Zizindikiro zazing'ono za matenda zikawoneka, ndikofunikira nthawi yomweyo kuyamba chomera.
Khansa yakuda
Matenda a Apple Tree ndi chithandizo chawo (zithunzi zitha kupezeka pa intaneti) ndizosiyana kwambiri. Chofala kwambiri ndi khansa yakuda. Matenda ofananawo amatha kuzindikiridwa ndi izi:
- mawonekedwe a mawanga akuda pamasamba - kuchuluka kwawo ndi kukula kwake kumakula tsiku lililonse;
- kupezeka kwa zowola zakuda pazipatso;
- kumaso kwa makungwa a mtengo, mawonekedwe a ming'alu yambiri pamtunda, kulowererapo kwina.
Chithandizo cha khansa yakuda ya apulo iyenera kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito madzimadzi a Bordeaux - imagwira madera omwe akukhudzidwa ndi thunthu. Koma kuchita opareshoni ndikofunikira pokhapokha patatha mitengo. Pofuna kupewa kuwoneka ngati matenda amtunduwu, ndikofunikira kuyendetsa ntchito yoletsa. Izi zipangitsa kuti pazikhala mbewu zambiri. Mawonekedwe akuda pamasamba a mtengo wa apulo sangathetsedwe, koma mutha kupewa mawonekedwe awo:
- kumenya tizirombo tating'ono;
- manyowa ndikuthira dothi nthaka moyenerera.
Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wamtunduwu umakhala wokwanira kuletsa khansa yakuda kuti isalowe pamtengowo. Ngati pamalopo pali mbewu iliyonse yomwe idakhudzidwa ndi matendawa, ndikofunikira kudula mbali zakuda za khunguyo ndi nthambi, kenako ndikuziwotcha kunja kwa tsambalo.
Scab
Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino zamaluwa: scab pa mtengo wa apulo - momwe mungachitire? Matendawa ndi osavuta kudziwa. Imadziwoneka yokha nthawi yomweyo mtengowo utathandizidwa. Chizindikiro choyamba cha matenda ndi dzimbiri pamasamba a mtengo wa apulo. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa nkhondo yolimbana ndi matendawa mwachangu.
Matenda amtundu uwu ndi fungus yofala kwambiri. Mtengowo ungathe kupulumutsidwa pokhapokha utazindikira malo omwe ali ndi kachilombo. Ngati mukuyambitsa matendawa kwambiri, ndiye kuti mutha kunena zabwino kumera. Ndikofunika kuti muzidziwitsa nokha za matenda amtundu wa apulo musanalowe ndi chithunzi.
Nkhondo yolimbana ndi matenda amtunduwu iyenera kuyamba kumayambiriro kwamasika ndikuchitika ndikugwiritsa ntchito "Topaz" motere:
- thunthu linaphatikizidwa muyezo wa 2 ml pa 10 malita;
- ngakhale maluwa asanakhale, izi zimapangira mtengo;
- maluwa atatha, chomera chiyeneranso kuthandizidwa.
Komanso, m'malo mwa Topaz, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Hom. Iyenera kuchepetsedwa ndikuthira 40 g pa malita 10 amadzi ndikuthira mbewu pachomera musanafike maluwa ndi pambuyo pake. Zotsatira zabwino zimapezekanso ndi colloidal sulfure, yomwe imasungunulidwa mu kuchuluka kwa 80 g pa ndowa imodzi yamadzi. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti asangokhala ndi mankhwala omwe ali pamwambawa. Izi zimatha kuyipa kwa khungwa ndi chivundikiro chowonekera.
Powdery mildew
Matendawa monga ufa wa powdery ndi owopsa chifukwa amawononga mphukira zazing'ono ndi zipatso za mtengo wa maapozi.
Matenda a tsamba la apulosi amtunduwu amadziwika ndi kufalikira kofulumira kwambiri. Mtengo wolamulidwa ndi bowa womwe umayambitsa matendawa ungathe kufa m'mwezi umodzi wokha. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti mycelium akapulumuka nyengo yozizira pachitsa cha mtengowo ndipo pambuyo poti thaw iyamba kugwira ntchito mwamphamvu, kuwononga mtengo wazipatso kuyambira mkati.
Mankhwala otsatirawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza mitengo ya apulo kuchokera ku matenda a mtundu omwe mukufunsidwa:
- "Topazi";
- "Posachedwa."
Nyimbo zomwe akuganizirazo zikuyenera kuchepetsedwa muyezo wa 2 mg wa 10 malita a madzi. Potere, kukonza kumachitika bwino pogwiritsa ntchito kupopera kwapadera kumayambiriro kwa masika, maluwa asanakhale. Pambuyo pa izi, ndikofunikira kuchita pokonza mtengowo ndi mkuwa wa chloride, womwe mankhwala omwe amatchedwa "Hom" ndi angwiro. Iyenera kuyikilidwa mu 40 g pachidebe chilichonse cha madzi.
Nthawi zina mutatha kuchita izi pamwambowo ngati chikuwoneka bwino, sizizindikiro za matendawo. Ndikofunikira kusonkhanitsa zipatso zonse. Kuti muchepetse kubwereranso kwamatenda, muyenera kuchita mankhwalawa ndi Bordeaux fluid - yankho la 1%. Njira yothetsera sulfate yamkuwa imakhalanso yabwino. Iyenera kusakanikirana ndi 50 g pa chidebe chamadzi, ndikuwonjezera 20 g ya sopo yamadzi.
Zipatso zowola
Chifukwa chiyani masamba a mtengo wa maapozi amasintha chikasu m'mwezi wa June? Chifukwa cha izi chikhoza kukhala chowola kwambiri zipatso. Ngakhale dzinalo, silimangokhudza maapulo okha, komanso masamba. Komabe, chizindikiro chachikulu cha kukhalapo kwa matenda amtunduwu ndi kupezeka kwa kuwonongeka kwambiri kwa chipatso.
Matenda amtunduwu ndiwowopsa kwambiri, chifukwa kupezeka kwake kumatha kupezeka ngati maluwa atamaliza, ngati zipatso zowonongeka zipezeka. Kulimbana ndi zowola zipatso ndizovuta - kumawononga maapulo asanakhwime. Njira yabwino kwambiri yothanirana ndi izi ndikungoletsa kuti matenda asamachitike.
Ndikwabwino kungoyesa kuletsa matenda amtunduwu kuonekera pa zipatso ndi mitengo. Ndiosavuta kuchita izi: njira zothandizira kupewa ziyenera kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira ina ya nitrafen emulsion - chinthu ichi chimadzipaka mu 200 g pa malita 10 a madzi. Mankhwalawa otsatirawa ndi abwino kwambiri pakuwongolera matenda a mtundu omwe mukufunsidwa:
- DNOC - 200 g aliyense 10 malita a madzi;
- kuyimitsidwa kwa sulufule ya colloidal - 100 g pa malita 10 aliwonse a madzi.
Njira ina yochepetsera kuthekera kwa matenda amtunduwu womwe mukufunsidwa ndikutenga zipatso zonse zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndikuziwononga mwadongosolo. Opaleshoni iyi iyenera kuchitidwa tsiku lililonse. Tayetsani maapulo kutali kwambiri ndi malowa. Ndikofunika kuti musawakwirire pansi osawataya, koma ingowotitsani. Ndiye mutha kuwononga fungus ya pathogenic, zomwe zimatsogolera ku mawonekedwe akuola.
Pofuna kupewa malo omwe masamba amaphimbidwa ndi mawanga a bulauni pamtengo wa apulo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ntchito yodzitetezera iyenera kuchitidwa.
Choyamba, zimaphatikizanso kuyang'ana mtengo. Mbiya ikuyenera kukhala yotheka, kukhalapo kwa ming'alu ndi zofooka zina sikuloledwa. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito masamba, zipatso. Ngakhale chizindikiro cha matenda aliwonse chikawoneka pa tsamba limodzi kapena awiri kapena maapulo, zovuta zonse za mankhwala ophera mbewuyo ziyenera kuchitidwa. Mwina izi zimupulumutsa iye kuimfa.
Ndikosavuta kubzala mtengo wa apulo, ngakhale umakhala wopanda mitundu yambiri. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa momwe ziliri. Popeza mukalandira chithandizo mosadukiza pazomwe tafotokozazi, mutha kutaya mbewuzo zokha, komanso mtengowo womwe.
