Ascocenda (Ascocenda) - mtunduwu, woyimiriridwa ndi epiphytes, ndiwogwirizana mwachindunji ndi banja la orchid. Imapezeka ndi kudutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ascocentrum ndi vanda. Pakadali pano, mtunduwu umagwirizanitsa pafupifupi 1,500 ma interspecific hybrids (ma greks).
Kukula kwa chomera chotere sikokhazikika. Amangopanga phesi limodzi lokhazikika. Ili ndi masamba achikazi, achizolowezi, okoma. M'masamba awa, komanso mizu yake, yomwe imakutidwa ndi chidutswa chokwanira chamtundu wa porous - velamen, pamakhala madzi ena omwe mbewu imatenga molunjika kuchokera kumlengalenga. Zomera zake mawonekedwe ake ndizofanana kwambiri ndi vanda. Zingwe zazitali zooneka ngati masamba zimakulungidwa pang'ono m'mphepete mwamkati. Pamaupangiri awo pali mawonekedwe apadera omwe amagawa masamba okha kukhala malo ozungulira osiyana kutalika kwake.
Maluwa amawonedwa kuyambira nthawi yophukira mpaka masika. Pakadali pano, duwa limawoneka limodzi, ndipo nthawi zina limakhala lokhala ndi maluwa angapo, okhala ndi maluwa 12-25 a kukula kokwanira. Maluwa amtundu wamaluwa amodzi amasiyanitsidwa ndi soya mu mawonekedwe osavuta, omwe ali ofanana ndi ma pansies (okhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati mbale), komanso mtundu wokhazikika. Duwa lokha limatha kupakidwa utoto osiyanasiyana ofunda kuchokera pa wofiirira ndi wofiirira wakuda mpaka wachikasu ndi lalanje. Dawo la maluwa limatengera wosakanizidwa ndipo amatha kukhala mainchesi 5-8.
Chisamaliro cha Orcocide Orchid Kunyumba
Malamulo omwe ali pansipa athandiza kukulitsa mtundu uwu wa orchid kunyumba.
Njira zokulitsa
Pali njira zingapo zokulira ascocendes. Chifukwa chaichi, iwo amagwiritsa ntchito miphika, mabatani, mabasiketi, mipweya yagalasi, komanso duwa lotere limatha kubzalidwa chabe mu limbo lopanda mizu yaulere.
Zomera zokhazokha, zomwe mizu yake sinapangidwe bwino kwambiri, ndiyofunika kukula m'miphika yamaluwa. Pazifukwa izi, mapoto apadera opangidwa ndi pulasitiki wowonekera ndi abwino. Mabowo owonjezerapo ayenera kupakidwa pamakoma, pansi pamphika, kuti mpweya uzikhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Ndipo pazifukwa izi, wobzala mauna wopangidwira maluwa ndi yoyenera.
Zomwe zili mgawo la maluwazi ziyenera kuphatikizapo sphagnum, zidutswa za pine kapena lark bark, ndipo ziyenera kukhala zazosiyanasiyana masentimita 0.5-5. Komanso mu kapangidwe kazigawo tingathe kuphatikizidwa ndi "orchid tchipisi" (titha kulowedwa ndi chitho cha polystyrene) ndi mizu ya fern. Mutha kuthira makala ochepa ndi dongo lotukulidwa.
Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kudzaza mphika mosasiyanitsa. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyesa kukhala ndi masamba akulu kwambiri pansi pa mphika, ndi ang'ono kwambiri pamwamba. Moss wosakhala wakuda kwambiri uyenera kuyikidwa pamwamba pamtunda, womwe umachepetsa kuchepa kwa chinyezi komanso kuteteza mizu kuti isayime.
Ndikofunikira kuyika Ascocene mu mtanga ngati mumphika. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusankha basiketi yopangidwa ndi pulasitiki kapena matabwa olimba, omwe angathandize kuti pasapezeke chimbudzi mwachangu.
Alimi okhwima amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito midadada kuti ilime maluwa amtunduwu. Ngati chotchinga chotere, chidutswa cha khungwa lokakamira kapena paini lalikulu kwambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pamaso pake, muyenera kukonza ulusi wa coconut, mizu ya fern, komanso sphagnum. Mizu yomera imakhazikika pamwamba pa "pilo" yachilendo, ndipo mango woonda watayika pamwamba pawo. Chipangizochi chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa pansi pakhomalo.
Momwemonso, "mtengo wa epiphytic" umapangidwa, komabe, osakhala wautali kwambiri ndipo mabatani akhungu amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chipika.
Dziwani kuti chidacho kapena khungwa lozikika liyenera kuchotsedwa mosavuta ndipo limachotsedwa mwachangu kukhoma kuti lithetsere duwa.
Njira yakukula mu chipika chowonekera kwambiri chagalasi chikuyamba kutchuka pakati pa orchidists. Ascocentum mwanjira imeneyi imakula ndikukula nthawi zambiri, koma wina amayenera kusamala ndikamaika mizu mu bokosi, chifukwa imatha kuwonongeka mosavuta. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti gawo lobiriwira la maluwa liyenera kukhala pamwamba m'mphepete mwa vase. Pofuna kupewa maluwa mkati, ayenera kukhazikika. Kuti muchite izi, imatha kupindika kumbali zonse ndi zirombo.
Ascocenum imathanso kupachikidwa pakhoma ndipo mizu yake imatha kupindika momasuka. Njira yakukulira iyi ndi yosavuta kwambiri ndipo ndi, monga lamulo, yogwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo opanga ma mafakitale.
Kupepuka
Gawo lina lowunikira silofunikira chomera choterocho. Chifukwa chake, imakhala yomasuka konse kumpoto ndi kumwera kwa zenera (kuzungulira kwa dzuwa ladzuwa ndikofunikira) kuzungulira. Koma apa pali tebat imodzi, yomwe, yowunikira nthawi zonse izikhala yolingana popanda kusiyana. Mu nthawi yozizira, chomera chimayenera kuwunikiridwa ndi ma phytolamp, pomwe masana ayenera kukhala ndi nthawi osachepera maola 12. Kuwunikiranso kumbuyo kumalimbikitsidwanso m'chilimwe, pomwe nyengo ndiyopanda mitambo kunja.
Ngati pali kuwala kochulukirapo, masamba ake amakhala ofiira ndi otakataka, ndipo ngati sikokwanira, apeza ubweya wabiriu.
Mitundu yotentha
Mphamvu yotentha ya mbewuyi imagwirizana kwambiri ndi mulingo wa kuwunikira. Kuwala m'chipindacho, kutentha kwambiri komwe mukufunikira kuti mukule Ascocene. Chifukwa chake, kutentha komwe kulimbikitsidwa masana kuyambira 23 mpaka 27 madigiri, usiku - kuyambira madigiri 16 mpaka 22. Komanso, kutentha koteroko kuyenera kupitilizidwa chaka chonse.
M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kukhala osamala kwambiri osalola kuti kutentha kwa chipindacho kusakhale kosakwana madigiri 16. Pa mpweya wabwino, muyenera kuteteza duwa ku mitsinje ya mpweya wozizira.
Momwe mungamwere
Pothirira, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yaimbira. Chidebecho chimadzazidwa ndimadzimadzi, kenako duwa lokha kapena chidebe chakecho chimatsitsidwa mwaiwo kwa theka la ola. Panthawi imeneyi, mizu iyenera kukhala ndi nthawi yodzazidwa ndi chinyezi. Tikumbukire kuti velamen yophimba mizu nthawi imodzimodziyo imakhala yobiriwira m'malo mwa imvi ya siliva (pouma) ndi kutupa.
Ndi kangati komwe muyenera kuthilira orchidyu kumalumikizana ndi njira yolimira. Mukadzala mumphika mu gawo lapansi, chidwi chake chiyenera kulipidwa. Ikakhala monophonic komanso yofanana ndi youma, ndikofunikira kuthirira. M'dengu, momwe makungwa amakhala ndi chinyezi, amatha kuwunika ndi dzanja. Ndipo mu nkhani yoyamba ndi yachiwiri, kutsirira ndikofunikira pokhapokha gawo lapansi likakhala louma kwathunthu.
Kutsirira komwe kumachitika pafupipafupi kumafunika kuti chomera chomera popanda mizu yaulere. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kulabadira boma la mizu. Pambuyo poti ma velamen atakwinyika pang'ono, ndikofunikira kuthirira. Komabe, nthawi zambiri ndi njira yolimirayi, kuthirira tsiku ndi tsiku kumafunika.
Kuti mutulutse manyowa ndi sprayer, komanso kuthirira, muyenera kumwa madzi osalala, omwe ayenera kukhala otentha. M'malo momwe madzi am'madzi amathandizidwira, asanalowe m'mapaipi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muziisefa.
Chinyezi
Chinyezi chachikulu chimafunika. Chifukwa chake, masana ayenera kusungidwa pamlingo wa 60 mpaka 80 peresenti, ndipo usiku - kuchokera pa 50 mpaka 60 peresenti. Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zonse zomwe zilipo. Chifukwa chake, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito majenereta am'madzi opanga manyowa ndi manyowa, pokonza masamba mwadongosolo, ikani chida chotseguka chamadzi pafupi ndi duwa, ndikuthiranso dongo lonyowa pallet. Koma zidziwike kuti ndizotheka kumunyowetsa chomera kuchokera ku sprayer kokha ndikuwongolera mpweya wabwino mchipindacho, chifukwa amadzimadzimadzimadzimadzimadzimadzimadzimadzimadzimadzimvekabe. Ndikasokonekera ndimadzi nthawi yayitali komanso nthawi zambiri, zowola zimatha kukhala m'mizere ya masamba, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhudza Imfa ya Ascocentum.
Mpweya wabwino
Palibe chifukwa chinyezi komanso mpweya wofunda ungasunthe m'chipindacho. Koma tikumbukire kuti mbewuyo imakumana ndi zovuta kwambiri pakukonzekera ndi mphepo. Chifukwa chake, iyenera kuchotsedwa pawindo lotseguka, komanso kutetezedwa ku mpweya wotuluka kuchokera kwa fan on. Ndipo kuyiyika khonde, iyenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo yamphamvu.
Feteleza
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa mbewu panthawi yothirira. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani feteleza wapadera wa ma orchid, omwe angagulidwe ku malo ogulitsa maluwa. Ndi gawo limodzi lokha limodzi mwa magawo atatu aliwonse omwe amalimbikitsidwa kuti ayamwe. Mukakhala ndi feteleza wambiri, nthawi yayitali pakati pamavalidwe apamwamba iyenera kuchitidwa. Monga lamulo, feteleza amapanga kuthirira kulikonse kwa 2-4. Ngati mukufuna, kusinthanitsa mavalidwe apamwamba ndi muzu ndi njira yowonjezerapo mizu ndikotheka, pomwe njira yofooka ya michere iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupopera mankhwala.
Zojambula zamaluwa
Ngakhale kudziyerekeza kwake kosafanizira, kuti maluwa okongola oterewa azikhala ndi ma peduncle, ndikofunikira kukwaniritsa zinthu zingapo. Chifukwa chake, iye amafunikira kusiyana pakati pa kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku, pomwe kuyenera kukhala kwamkati mwa madigiri 2-3. Popanda maluwa, kusiyana kumeneku kumawonjezereka mpaka madigiri 5-7. Mutha kupangitsanso maluwa pochepetsa kapena kuwonjezera nthawi yotalika masana (kuyambira maola 12 mpaka 14) kwa maola angapo. Komanso, pazomwezi, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuthirira ndi nthawi 1.5-2 kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Njira zoterezi zimawonedwa ngati zopsinja. Pazifukwa zomwezo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera othandizira - ma cytokinins. Komabe, zizigwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri, chifukwa kuledzera kumavulaza mbewu. Izi zikachitika, ndiye, monga lamulo, masamba apansi amayamba kusanduka achikaso ndikufa.
Matenda
Matenda omwe sialinso ndi ma virus monga zosiyanasiyana zowola. Poterepa, malo okukula, komwe masamba ndi miyendo imalumikizidwa ndi mphukira, mizu ndi tsinde zimatha kuwola. Madzi akusunthika mu gawo lapansi, kusokonezeka kwa madzi, kusayenda kwamadzi mu tsamba kumachimwira pambuyo ponyowa kuchokera ku sprayer kungayambitse kuwola.
Ngati ogonjetsedwa alibe mphamvu kwambiri, ndiye muyenera kuchotsa malo omwe amawola powadula kapena kuwadula. Komanso kuchitira malo owonongeka ndi Fundazol kapena Benlat. Ngati pali zowola zambiri, ndiye kuti sizingatheke kuti muchotse ndipo, monga lamulo, duwa limafa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musalole mapangidwe kuvunda, kutsatira malamulo onse osamalira ascocendum, komanso kuyendera chitsamba pafupipafupi kuti mudziwe kuyambika kwa matendawa.
Tizilombo
Nthawi zambiri, nkhanambo, komanso masamba a akangaude, zimatha kukhazikika pamalowo. Tizilombo tikapezeka, chothira chomera (pafupifupi madigiri 45) chomera chija. Katswiriyo amakalimbikitsidwanso kuti achotsedwe pamaluwa ndi thonje lomwe limawundana ndi njira yokhala ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Ngati njira izi sizothandiza kapena duwa la kukula kokulirapo, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zokonzekeretsa tinthu tofananira.
Njira zolerera
Itha kufalikira ndi mbewu ndi ana. Chifukwa chake, ana amawoneka pa peduncle. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupatulira khanda lalikulu koma labwino, lopanda mizu. Koma kuti mwana akule kuchokera mu maluwa, monga lamulo, chithandizo chofunikira ndi wothandizira wapadera wamankhwala chimafunika. Pankhaniyi, simungakhale ndi mwayi wokhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi mwana wa Ascocentum kuchokera kwa munthu yemwe mumamudziwa.
Duwa limatha kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu kokha ndi okonda kapena akatswiri. Momwe mungachitire izi mutha kupezeka m'mabuku. Koma nthawi yomweyo ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti kuyambira nthawi yopukutira mbewu mpaka kubzala mmera, monga lamulo, zaka 2 zimadutsa.
