Palm Chameroops ndi duwa la banja la Arekov (banja la kanjedza). Mtengo wa kanjedza wokha ndi womwe umapezeka ku Europe. Amapezeka kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Europe - Sicily, Malta, Spain, Portugal, Central ndi Southern Italy, gawo la gombe la Mediterranean ku France ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Africa (Algeria, Morocco ndi Tunisia). Mtengo wa kanjedza wakumpoto kwambiri padziko lapansi - malo owonjezera kwambiri opezeka pachilumba cha Capraia pagombe la Italy ndi mudzi ku Yerle-le-Palmiers.
Kutanthauzira kwa chamerops cha kanjedza ndi chithunzi
Ichi ndi chitsamba chokhala ndi masamba obiriwira, mitengo ikuluikulu, yomwe imakula kuchokera pachokhazikirapo. Zimayambira zimakula pang'onopang'ono, moyandikana. Amatha kutalika mita awiri kapena isanu, ndipo mainchesi awo ndi 25-30 cm.Yang'anani ndi malongosoledwewo, kanjedza ka Chameroops kamakhala ndi tsitsi lowonda pa petioles lalitali lomwe limatha masamba ozunguliridwa (masamba 15 mpaka 20 pa chogwirizira chilichonse). Tsamba lililonse limakhala lalitali mamita 1.5, limakhala ndi zingano zazing'onoting'ono zomwe zimayamba kukula kuchokera pamwamba pa thunthu (pafupi ndi masamba zimayamba kukhala zazing'ono) - chifukwa chake, duwa limatetezedwa mwachilengedwe kuti nyama zamtchire zisamavulale. Masamba adagawika - 1/3 kapena 2/3 kukhala malo owonda, owonda. Tikupereka kuti tiwone ma chamomile a kanjedza pachithunzichi:
Maluwa amakula wandiweyani, koma inflorescence yayifupi kumtunda kwa tsinde. Amakonda kukhala ophatikizika, ngakhale kuti nthawi zina amapezeka kuti amapanga zabwino. Mungu umagwira chomera chisanayambe kupukutidwa, kenako duwa limagawanika kuchokera pamatumbo apamwamba atatu ndikuwonekera. Kukula kwake ndi kuchuluka kwake kumasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa maluwa achikazi kapena wamwamuna pamaso panu (mwachitsanzo, wamkazi amapereka maluwa atatu). Nthawi ya maluwa ndi Marichi-Juni.
Chipatso chosapsa chimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira, kenako chimasanduka chikasu kukhala bulauni (kucha kwathunthu). Kugwa mu Seputembala kapena Okutobala. Mbewu ndi kamwana kakang'ono kwambiri kamene kamalemera gramu imodzi (0,6-0.8), kamazunguliridwa ndi zigawo zingapo, kuyambira kunja mpaka kumapeto ndi mkati: mbali yakunja yopyapyala (chigamba chakunja), minofu ndi mbali yamkati (mnofu), yopingasa nkhuni ( endocarpia), michere yosanjikiza (endoperm).
Pali chivundikiro chapansi panthaka chomwe chimatulutsa mphukira ndi masamba olimba ngati zala.
Chithandizo cha mitengo ya kanjedza cha Chamerops kunyumba
Pakukula mitengo ya kanjedza, ma chameropu panyumba ayenera kusamalira kuyatsa - iyi ndi imodzi mwazitundu zochepa za mitengo ya kanjedza yomwe imalekerera kuwala mwachindunji. Chifukwa chake, chilimwe mutha kuwonetsa pabwino Hameroops pa khonde, m'munda kapena pawindo lakumwera. Ngati mudasunga mbewuyo pansi pazowunikira, muyenera kuyiyang'anira pang'onopang'ono dzuwa kuti mupewe kuyaka.
Panthawi yokukula ndi kukulira kwa kanjedza, kutentha sikuyenera kugwa pansi pa 25-27 ̊-27, m'dzinja kutentha kuyenera kuchepetsedwa pang'ono, ndipo nthawi yozizira sikuyenera kugwa pansi - 6-8 ̊. Chipinda chomwe duwa limakhalamo liyenera kuwonetsedwa tsiku lililonse.
Nthawi yakula, kusamalira mtengo wa kanjedza chamadzala kumakhala kuthirira nthawi yake ndi kupopera masamba. Imafunika madzi ambiri, koma madzi ofewa okha - mvula yokhazikika kapena madzi a m'mabotolo. Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitika nthaka itayamba kuuma. Autumn, chiwerengero chimatsika kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yozizira ziyenera kuchitika mosamala kwambiri (makamaka ngati mukuziyika pamalo abwino ndi zojambula). Koma mulimonsemo, musalole dothi kuti liume. Kuphatikiza apo, masamba a duwa ayenera kupukutidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa kapena kuwaza ndi botolo lothira - izi zimakupatsani mwayi kuti muwonjezere chinyezi mchipinda chomwe mulimo. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yachisanu, ndibwino kusiya njirayi, pamakhala chiwopsezo chambiri chowononga mbewuyo.
Mitengo ya kanjedza ya Chamerops imasinthidwa kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena chilimwe, ndipo sikofunikira kuchita njirayi chaka chilichonse, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi mitengo ina ya kanjedza, muyenera kungochotsa dothi lapamwamba ndikuyika dothi latsopano m'malo mwake. Mutha kufalitsa mbewu zachikale zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zilizonse, mitengo yachinyamata - zaka 2-3 zilizonse.
Mbewu ya Palm Chamerops
Palm imatha kubereka mothandizidwa ndi njere. Kuti izi zitheke, ziyenera kuyamba kunyowa m'madzi kwa masiku asanu, ndikuziyika dothi lotayilidwa mozama monga kukula kwa mbewu yomwe. Dothi liyenera kukonzedwa pasadakhale - liyenera kukhala ndi malo osakanikirana a turf land, kompositi, humus ndi mchenga. Ndipo chofunikira kwambiri - musaiwale za kukoka bwino madzi, chifukwa Hameroops sagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambitsa madzi mu mizu, ndipo amawonda ndikuwotcha mizu. Pambuyo pamiyezi iwiri kapena itatu, njira zoyambirira zimawonekera, zomwe kwa nthawi yoyamba zidzakhala ndi mawonekedwe onse (zimayamba kuzimiririka pambuyo pa zaka 2-3 za moyo). Kukula chameroops cham kanjedza kuchokera ku mbewu sikovuta kwambiri, chinthu chachikulu ndikutsatira malamulo aukadaulo waulimi.
Pa njira yobala zipatso, njira ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito zomwe zimamera nthawi zonse pamtengo. Samalani - mphukira zam'mbali sizabwino.
Mutabzala, ndikofunikira kusungitsa kutentha kwa chipinda cha 25-30 ° C, ndipo kamodzi pa sabata kudyetsa ndi feteleza wa mchere.
Masamba akuluakulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga rug, basiketi ndi panicles. Amayika masamba ang'onoang'ono ndi sulufule kuti awapangitse kukhala ochepetsetsa - kenako amawagwiritsa ntchito kupanga bwino, pafupifupi miyala yamtengo wapatali
Zipatsozo sizikudya, koma zimadziwika kuti ndi zamankhwala chifukwa cha zinthu zazitali za tannin komanso zipatso zowawa.
Sanjani Chamerops humilis kapena Chamerops squat
Zomera zanyumba nthawi zambiri zimapezeka ngati chitsamba chomera. Dziko lakwawo ndi lotentha, mapiri owuma ndi mapiri, komanso madambo a Nyanja ya Mediterranean. Malo ogawikirawa akuchokera ku Africa, mapiri a Atlas ku Morocco kupita ku Spain, France komanso kum'mawa kwa Turkey.
Mtengo wa kanjedza kakang'ono unayamba kutchuka chifukwa cha kuthana ndi chisanu - umatha kupirira nyengo yozizira kwa madigiri 6, kuphatikiza apo imakula msanga ndipo imalephera ngakhale chilala.
Monga ndanenera kale, duwa la Khamerops humilis ndi tchire wamba, koma kutalika kwake kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi banja la Palmov - mamita 4.5. Masamba amakhala opunduka, amagawika magawo ndipo amakula mpaka 60 cm mulitali ndi chimodzimodzi m'lifupi. Masamba amatha kukhala ndi utoto wochokera kumtambo wobiriwira ndi wobiriwira wachikasu (komaso zobiriwira). Kukongola konseku kumayendetsedwa pa phesi lakuya mikono iwiri.
Pafupi ndi thunthu palokha, mutha kuwona maluwa ang'onoang'ono achikasu owala, obisika kuseri kwa masamba obiriwira obiriwira.
