Pseudolithos kunyumba Kulima mbewu ndikusamalira chithunzi cha Zomera Zomera

Pseudolithos kunyumba chithunzi

Pseudolithos (Pseudolithos) ndi chomera chabwino cha banja la Gusset. Dzinalo la sayansi la chomera limapangidwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa mawu awiri achilankhulo chachi Greek, chomwe pakutanthauzira kumatanthauza mwala wabodza, wabodza. Khalidwe ili likugwirizana kwathunthu ndi mawonekedwe a pseudolithos.

Mbewuyo ilibe masamba, imaphukira kaye kenako, kenako pang'onopang'ono. Mphukira zimangokhala zokha, zimatha kuthengo, kutalika kwake zimasiyanasiyana masentimita 5 mpaka 12. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya siliva, pinki.

Pseudolithos amatchedwa chomera. Mitundu yaying'ono imakhala ndi mitundu 8 yokha, yomwe yambiri imatsegulidwa ndikufotokozedwa ndi katswiri wazomera zaku Swiss Peter Rene Oscar Bally. Anali katswiri kwambiri pophunzira zachilengedwe za madera otentha a Africa, komwe ma pseudolithos amachokera. Amamera m'malo amiyala pansi pa nthano yowuma kwa dzuwa, nthawi zina "kukhazikika" pamtunda wa zitsamba.

Ma Pseudolithos akungotchuka; amapezeka pazosungitsa maluwa okhaokha. Kuchoka ndikunyinyirika, kuwononga mphamvu ndi nthawi yochepa.

Maluwa pseudolithos

Momwe zithunzi za pseudolithos zimayambira

Chomera chodabwitsa chotere sichimaperekanso maluwa koyambirira. Maluwa asanu-peteled, m'mimba mwake siopitilira 1 cm, chifukwa cha kuwonekera kwa fleecy kwamtunda wa petals kumakhala mawonekedwe a maburashi. Mtunduwo ndi wofiirira, wa bulauni, wofiirira, wabwinoko, pakati penipeni umakhala wowala, womwe umawunikira, ma petals achikasu nthawi zina amatha kupezeka pamakhala. Mphukira zimawoneka mbali ya mphukira, itasonkhana mu inflorescence, kuwerenga mpaka 30, iwo amaphuka m'magulu a zidutswa za 5-10.

Popeza ntchentche zimagwira monga mungu m'malo zachilengedwe, maluwa amatulutsa fungo linalake lofanana ndi nyama yowola. Maluwa amapezeka kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndipo chimatha pafupifupi Novembala; ndikakula m'nyumba, maluwa amatha nthawi yonse yozizira.

Pambuyo kupukutira, zipatso zimakhwima ngati mawonekedwe a mbewu. Iliyonse ili ndi njere 20. Pezani zovuta kusonkhanitsa mbewu, chifukwa mitundu yokhala ndi tsinde limodzi, kukulira nthangala ndiyo njira yokhayo yomwe ingafalikire.

Kukula kwa pseudolotis kuchokera ku mbewu

Chithunzi cha mbewu ya Pseudolithos

Pseudoliths amafalitsidwa makamaka ndi mbewu. Mbewu zimafunikira kunyentchera: kwa mphindi 15 mpaka 20, gwiritsani potaziyamu ya potaziyamu mu njira yofooka ya pinki, nadzatsuka ndi madzi, youma kuti muthe kutulutsa, kenako gwiritsani ntchito chothandizira kukulitsa yankho, youma ndikuyamba kufesa. Kubzala kumatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse pachaka.

Gwiritsani ntchito chisakanizo cha dothi la cactus ndi mchenga wowuma, wotengedwa chimodzimodzi. Kuti muwonjezere zodetsa, onjezani perlite, vermiculite, makala ophwanyika kapena tchipisi. Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwa mphindi 30, pezani gawo lapansi mu uvuni.

Pseudolithos kuchokera kumbewu chithunzi

Ndikwabwino kufesa mumipanda yayikulu yamapulasitiki, yotsekedwa ndi chivindikiro. Pangani mabowo pansi pa cholembera, kenako ikani mbali yoyambira pafupifupi 1 cm, ndikuphimba kusakaniza kwa dothi. Gawani mbeu panthaka, ndikuzama ndikuchulukitsa. Fufuzani kuchokera mfuti yabwino yopopera ndi chivundikiro. Monga pobisalira, mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito galasi kapena filimu yowoneka bwino.

Kumera kwa njere kumafunika nyali zowala zowala ndi kutentha kwa 25 25 ° C. Mphukira zoyambirira ziziwoneka m'masiku atatu, zinzakezo ziphukira masiku 14. Shelter safunikira kuchotsedwa mkati mwa masiku 25-28 atatha kuphukira koyambirira. Kwezani malo pang'onopang'ono kwa mphindi khumi ndi zisanu kuti muchotse kutulutsa, nthawi iliyonse kuwonjezera nthawi yayitali.

Ndikofunika kuchita zozama kuthirira kudzera mu poto. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi oyeretsedwa (wosefera, thawilidwa, mvula) pamtunda wofunda, nthawi zina mumatsanulira mafino owononga (pa 1 lita imodzi ya madzi, 1 g ya msingi waazazor kapena mankhwala ena). Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala koyenera. Ndikusowa chinyontho, pamwamba pa "timiyala" tating'onoting'ono timakwinya kwambiri (ndi njira, choyamba khungu la mphukira limakhala losalala, makwinya oyamba achilengedwe amawonekera pambuyo pa mwezi umodzi wakukula).

Kuthothoka kwamadzi kungayambitse kuwonongeka. Kuthirira pafupipafupi kumatengera kutentha kwa mpweya: ngati mkati mwa 20 ° C, kuthirira kuyenera kukhala kamodzi masiku 7; pa kutentha kwa mpweya kwa 30 ° C, kuthirira kumawonjezeka pakati (masiku atatu aliwonse).

Mphukira zazing'ono zimatha kusungidwa mkati mwa 15 ° C ndi kuthirira kochepa - kukula kwake kumayenda pang'onopang'ono, koma mudzawapulumutsa kuwonongeka. Bzalani mitengo yolimba mumiphika yosiyana.

Kufalitsa kwamasamba

Kufalikira kwamasamba pseudolithos kumaphatikizira kupatukana kwa mphukira (kwa mitundu yamtchire) ndi kuzika mu dothi lomweli monga kumera kwa mbeu. Malo odulidwa (onse pa zodulidwa ndi pa chomera cha mayi) amathandizidwa ndi fungicide. Mizu yopanda pogona, perekani kutentha, kuwala kowala ndi kuthirira. Njirayi sichigwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, chifukwa zodulidwa zimayamba kuwola.

Pseudolithos zinthu zikukula

Kupepuka

Ndikusowa kwa nyali, mphukira zimafooka, kuwonda, maluwa sizingachitike. Samalirani kuwunikira kowala - malo kumadzulo kapena kum'mawa kwa windowsill, amakula bwino kum'mwera, koma ndibwino kuti azikhala ndi mthunzi masana. M'nyengo yozizira, sinthani kuunikira kwanyengo ndi ma phytolamp kapena nyali za fluorescent.

Kutentha kwa mpweya

Munthawi yophukira ndi yotentha, sinthani kutentha kwa madigiri 23-28 ° C, kupirira kutentha kumawonjezeka mpaka 40 ° C ndi mpweya wabwino wokhazikika. Ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kuti muchepetse kutentha kwa zomwe zili pamtunda wa 15-20 ° C.

Pseudolithos amasamalira kunyumba

Momwe mungasamalire pseudolithos

Momwe mungamwere

Ndikosatheka kudzaza chomera - zingapo zowunikira zoterezi zingayambitse kuwola, ma pseudolithos amatha kufa. M'nyengo yotentha, madzi akakhala pansi ouma, dothi louma limatha kuwuma ndi theka. M'nyengo yozizira, ndi kutsika kwa kutentha, kuthirira ndizochepa - nthawi 1 yokha pamwezi kuti inyowetse nthaka.

Simungathe kupopera mbewuzo. Pindani mpweya mchipindacho nthawi ndi nthawi kuti mupumitse mpweya wabwino, koma pewani kukonzekera.

Momwe mungadyetse

Zomerazi zimadyetsedwa pokhapokha nthawi yogwira ntchito (masika-chilimwe). Mwezi uliwonse, ikani feteleza wophatikiza wa mchere mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi theka la ndende (1/2 ya mlingo womwe wopangidwayo wakupangira). Nthawi yomweyo, zomwe phosphorous imafunikira ikuwonjezereka, nayitrogeni - ochepera.

Thirani

Pseudoliths iyenera kuthandizidwa kamodzi pakatha zaka ziwiri. Sankhani poto laling'ono, loumbika - amakula bwino podzaza, chidebe cha dongo chimathandizira kupukuta gawo lapansi mwachangu.

Pakupatsira chilichonse chotsatira, palibe chifukwa chowonjezera kuchuluka kwa chidebe, ndikofunikira kupanga mankhwala mumphika ndikusintha gawo lapansi. Potsirizira pake, zosakaniza zamdothi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira kapena cacti. Mutha kukonzanso dothi lanu: tengani gawo limodzi la mchenga wowuma ndi dothi lamtundu wowala, onjezerani pang'ono, pumice ndi ufa wamfupa kuti muchepe.

Onetsetsani kuti mwayala pansi pa chidebe chodzala, chophatikiza ndi miyala ing'onoing'ono, dongo kapena tchipisi tamatina. Mutabzala, mulch pamwamba panthaka ndi miyala yabwino kapena miyala yokongoletsera, yomwe imateteza khosi kuti lisawonongeke.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Ngozi yokhayo ku mbewuyi ndikubowola kwa nthaka m'nthaka, komwe kumabweretsa kuwola. Chomera chamwala chimangosanduka chinthu chokhala ngati zakudya chomwe chimayenera kutayidwa.

Mwa tiziromboti tanena kuti mealybug. Pamwamba pa mphukira mutha kupeza zokhala ngati zofunda za thonje. Moisten thonje swab mu njira yothetsera mowa kapena mankhwala azitsamba, chotsani tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ndi zomwe zikuchitika.

Mitundu ya pseudolithos yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Pseudolithos caput-vipera kapena Pseudolithos viper mutu Pseudolithos caput-viperae

Pseudolithos caput-vipera or Pseudolithos viper head Pseudolithos caput-viperae chithunzi

Nthawi zambiri, tsinde limakhala lokha, lokha nthawi ndi nthawi. Kutalika kwakukulu ndi masentimita awiri ndi awiri ofanana. Mawonekedwe a tsinde ndi tetrahedral, koma m'mphepete mwake amazunguliridwa, m'munsi tsinde limachepera, kumtunda kuli kozunguliridwa - dzina la mtunduwo limagwirizana bwino.

Kamvekedwe ka khungu kuchokera ku wobiriwira wobiriwira kupita ku maolivi, imvi, mothandizidwa ndi dzuwa lowonjezereka limatha kukhala ndi utoto wofiira. Aliyense inflorescence ali ndi 20 corollas omwe amatsegula nthawi imodzi.

Pseudolithos cubic Pseudolithos cubiformis

Chithunzi cha Pseudolithos cubic Pseudolithos cubiformis chithunzi

Thupi limafanana ndi mwala wodulidwa mooneka ngati kiyibodi, kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi 12 cm. Chomera chikakula, m'mbali mwake mumawonekera bwino. Maluwa amakhala ndi timiyala tambiri tofiirira tofiira tofiyira, timabowo tofiyira.

Pseudolithos miguirtinus Pseudolithos migiurtinus

Pseudolithos miguirtinus Pseudolithos migiurtinus chithunzi

Zomera zazing'ono zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ake, ndiye kuti ma cylindrical otulutsa amayamba kuonekera, kenako mphukira zam'mbuyo zimawonekera. Tsinde la tsinde limafika pafupifupi masentimita 9, kumtunda kumakutidwa ndi ma tubercles akuluakulu ofanana ndi ma warts. Mtundu wa mmera ndi wobiriwira fumbi, zophukira zimatha kukhala ndi mtundu wachikasu.

Maluwa ndi a bulauni-ofiirira okhala ndi malo achikaso. Zipatso mu mawonekedwe a nyemba zosankhwima za utoto wobiriwira. Pambuyo pakucha, nyemba zosankhwima zimaphulika, ndikutulutsa mbewu zokhala ndi "parachutes", kotero kuti zimawuluka mtunda wautali.