Chifukwa chiyani masamba adyo amasanduka achikasu?

Paukadaulo wa adyo wokula, pali chikaso chachilengedwe chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi kutha kwa nyengo yokulira ndi zotsatira zake, pamene kuphwanya malamulo akukula kumabweretsa matenda kapena kupatuka kwachilengedwenso kukusiyana ndi kukula kwa nyengo yakula chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa tizirombo. Kuti tipeze chifukwa cha chikaso cha masamba a adyo, timaganizira zomwe zingayambitse zomwe zalembedwazo ndipo tikupangira njira zotsogola komanso zatsopano zotetezera mbewu pazinthu zoyipa zomwe zimakhudza zokolola ndi mtundu wa adyo.

Masamba a Garlic amasanduka achikasu.

Zimayambitsa Masamba a Garlic a chikasu

Garlic imagawidwa m'magulu awiri - masika ndi nthawi yozizira. Masamba achikasu amaso akuwonekera, kumlingo waukulu, mu adyo yachisanu. Zomwe zimayambitsa chikasu zitha kugawidwa zotsatirazi:

• zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kuphwanya njira zaulimi;
• matenda a fungal microflora;
• kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo.

Kuphwanya malamulo a ulimi, zomwe zimatsogolera chikaso cha masamba a adyo

Pofuna kupatula zomwe zimayambitsa ndikutenga nthawi yake kuteteza adyo ku masamba asanakwane masamba, ndikofunikira kutsata njira zonse zaulimi kuyambira pachiyambi:

• kukonza nthaka ndi feteleza,
• kusankha ndi kukonza kubzala
• zokwanira
• kusamalira nthawi yophukira-yozizira ndi nthawi ya chilimwe.

Ganizirani zakuphwanya ukadaulo waulimi, komwe kumatha kuyambitsa masamba a adyo. Ngati chikondwerero cha masamba a adyo chimayambitsidwa ndi kusokonezeka kwa ukadaulo wa ulimi, ndiye kuti chisamaliro chabwino, kuvala koyenera komanso kuthirira, kudzabwezera zolakwika zomwe zasamalidwa ndi mbewuzo, ndikupanga mphukira zatsopano, zimapereka kukolola koyenera kwa mitu ya adyo.

Nthaka acidization

Garlic ndi mbewu yofunika nthaka yosaloledwa. Ndi nthawi yayitali yopanga miyala yamchere, mizu ya dothi imapangidwa pang'ono, pomwe adyo amakumana ndi masamba achikasu chifukwa cha kusakhalapo kwa michere kudzera mu mizu. Pakutero, mbewu zimagwiritsa ntchito masamba azomera kuti zikule.

Musanabzale adyo, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa phulusa la nkhuni m'nthaka pamiyala 0-1-1,5 makapu pa mita imodzi. m lalikulu ndi kukumba. Chonde dziwani kuti kugwiritsa ntchito phulusa sikungaphatikizidwe ndi feteleza wa mchere. Feteleza amawonjezedwa kuti akumbe, phulusa - musanabzaveke zovala kapena mosinthanitsa, koma kusiyana kwa nthawi ndi miyezi osachepera 2-2,5. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ufa wa dolomite kapena miyala ya mwala wa deoxidation (onani nkhani "Kutulutsa Dothi - Momwe Mungadziwire ndi Deoxidize"). Mukakulira kuzungulira kwa mbeu, perekani zofunikira za kuyambitsa feteleza wachilengedwe pansi pa zomwe zimayikidwa.

Zobzala zosaoneka bwino komanso zolakwika zobweretsa

Podzala, onetsetsani kuti mwangosankha zazikulu zokha, zathanzi zofunikira kubzala. Ndikofunikira kupatula mankhwala a adyo mu potaziyamu permanganate kapena m'njira zina.

Mukakonza dothi, pezani mabedi oti mubzale. Thirirani mizere ngati pangafunike. Kubzala ma adyo adyo m'mbali mwa kuya kwa 4-5 cm.

Ndi mitundu yobzala yosiyana, mbande sizikhala zosagwirizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbewu zazing'ono zisinthe ndikukhala kwina kwina. Zomera zamphamvu zitha kuloleza kusintha kwakanthawi kutentha ndi chinyezi. Zofooka (kuchokera ku zovala zazing'ono) zimasiyidwa chitukuko ndipo zitha kufa konse.

Ndikabzala pang'ono, adyo amatha kuzizira pang'ono chifukwa cha madzi oundana, makamaka chifukwa chosaphimba ndi chipale chofewa kapena kusungunuka msanga. M'dothi lozizira, mizu sigwira ntchito, ndipo mbewuyo imatenga michere yamasamba kuti ichitike patsogolo ndikukula. Kunja, nyengo yovuta ngati iyi imawonetsedwa ndi chikaso cha masamba.

Ngati ma cloves a adyo ali ozama kwambiri, nthaka ilibe nthawi yokwanira kuti isungunuke mokwanira, mizu imagwira ntchito ndipo masamba amayambanso kutembenukira chikasu.

Pofuna kupewa zovuta za nyengo pazomera, ndikofunikira kuphimba masungidwe ndi zojambulazo usiku umodzi kasupe, kufikira nthawi yachisanu ikudutsa. Kuti tiwonjezere kulimbana kwa chikhalidwecho pakusintha kwanyengo, ndikofunikira kuchitira mbewu zamtundu uliwonse wa biostimulants (epin ndi ena).

Masamba adyo wodwala.

Kuphwanya kwa nthawi yakubzala adyo

Kubzala adyo kuyenera kuchitika pa nthawi yoyenera (onani nkhani "Momwe mungakulire zokolola zabwino za adyo").

Kudzalanso adyo koyambirira kumathandizira kuti pakhale chimanga chachikulu, chapamwamba, chomwe chimadziwika bwino ndi nyengo.

Chifukwa chofulumira chodzala adyo, mizu ilibe nthawi yokwanira kupanga, mbewuyo imakhudzidwa ndikusintha kwanyengo.

Kuphwanya kosamalira adyo nthawi yophukira-yozizira

Kumagawo akum'mwera, komwe nthawi zambiri nthawi yophukira imakhala yayitali komanso yowuma, ngati kuli kofunikira, muyenera mulch pobzala ndikutsanulira mulch ndi madzi ochepa.

M'mawonekedwe achisanu omwe ali ndi chisanu chotalikilapo, ndibwino kuponya bedi lamalonda ndi chipale chowonjezera kapena kuponyera nthambi zomwe zingasunge chisanu. Zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka pobzala adyo mu manyowa obiriwira, omwe amasewera ngati mapiko, ndi feteleza wobiriwira, komanso chotungira chisanu.

Kudyetsa kolakwika kwa adyo

Kupaka masamba a adyo kumapeto kwa masika kumatha chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zakudya za nayitrogeni. Kuti nayitrogeni asungidwe muzu wokhala ndi mizu komanso kuti asapite m'munsi mwa madzi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito ammonium sulfate kapena urea kwa adyo panthawi yophukira nthaka pokonzekera ngati gawo la feteleza wathunthu.

Ngati kugwa (pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana) feteleza sanagwiritse ntchito, ndipo kumayambiriro kwamasamba masamba a adyo adayamba kutembenuka chikasu, kuvala koyamba kwa adyo kuyenera kuchitika ndi nayitrogeni, mbewuzo zikangoyamba kukula ndipo pambuyo pake zimadyetsa malingana ndi agrotechnics okulitsa mbewuyi.

Mu mvula yamvula, kuvala zovala za nayitrogeni bwino zimachitidwa ndi mitundu ya ammonium ndi amide nitrogen (urea, ammonium sulfate).

Nyengo ikakhala youma, ndibwino kudyetsa adyo ndi ammonium nitrate, yomwe kale idasungunuka m'madzi (20-25 g / 10 l yamadzi yotentha padzuwa).

Olima ena masika amagwiritsa ntchito phulusa la 100-150 g / sq poyambirira kuvala. m. Ash muli mndandanda wa zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo potaziyamu ndi magnesium, kusowa kwake komwe kumayambitsanso chikasu cha masamba a adyo. Phulusa limathandizira pakukula ndi kukula kwa mizu, pamwamba pamtunda, komanso ziwalo zosungira.

Ngati phulusa linayambitsidwa nthawi ya kugwa, ndipo masika masamba a adyo adayamba kusanduka chikaso (pansi pazinthu zina zonse), zikutanthauza kuti zinthu zingapo zikusowa kapena chiyezo chawo chikuphwanyidwa. Pankhaniyi, ndibwino kukhazikitsa nitroammophoska, azofoska, nitrophoska pa mlingo wa 25-30 g / sq. m mu mawonekedwe a yankho kapena feteleza wina wathunthu monga momwe tikulimbikitsira.

Njira zogwiritsira ntchito feteleza:

• Mayankho okhathamira amawonjezeredwa mizere, kudula pakati pa mizere ya adyo, yokutidwa ndi dothi kapena mulch.
• Olima ena amalimbikitsa kuti njira yodyetsera zakudya zizithiriridwa chifukwa kuthirira malo onse okhala ndi adyo.
• Feteleza feteleza amazilowetsa m'nthaka ndikumasulira pang'ono kapena kuthirira pansi.

Njira yodyetsera zimadalira nyengo komanso zomwe mwini wake amakonda.

Kuthirira kolakwika kwa adyo

Masamba a adyo achikasu amatha kupangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale yosakwanira. Kusintha kwamphamvu kwamitundu yamasamba kumawonedwa mu mbewu zazing'ono. Chifukwa chake, mu Epulo-Juni (kutengera dera), mbewuyo ikakula kwambiri, kuyala ndi kuthana mano kumachitika, kuthirira kumafunikira mokwanira komanso nthawi zonse. Madzi ayenera kusiyidwa ndikuwotha ndi dzuwa.

Nthawi yomweyo, adyo samaloleza kusefukira kwamadzi ndipo, mvula yamvula yambiri, maselo okhala ndi madzi amafunikira m'mizere ya mbewu za adyo. Mukathirira, ndikofunikira kuthira dothi ndikuthilira madziwo mu mulch kuti musatsegule mitu yopangira dzuwa.

Masamba a Garlic amauma.

Ngati zofunika za agrotechnical zakwaniritsidwa pa nthawi yake, mokwanira, koma chikaso cha masamba a adyo chimaphimba mbewu zochulukirachulukira, mosakaikira, nkhokweyo imakhudzidwa ndi matenda kapena tizirombo. Pankhaniyi, muyenera:

• pendani mosamala masamba ndi masamba a adyo;
• kukuta mbewu zingapo m'malo osiyanasiyana ndikuyang'ana mizu ndi mitu ya adyo;
• kugwiritsa ntchito chikwatu kudziwa dzina la matendawa kapena tizilombo ndi mankhwala oteteza;
• ngati matenda ndi tizirombo titakhazikika pamsika womwewo, konzani zosakanikirana zochizira matenda, mutayang'ana kuti zikugwirizana.

Matenda a Garlic limodzi ndi chikasu cha masamba

Matenda a Garlic omwe amayambitsa chikasu cha masamba ndi:

• chovala choyera ndi choyambira;
• nkhungu yakuda (asperillosis);
• buluu wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira (penicillosis);
• Fusarium
• Downy mildew (peronosporosis);
• dzimbiri.

Zowota, nkhungu, mame ndi matenda oyamba ndi mabakiteriya. Zimakhudza mbewu, makamaka ndi isanayambike nyengo yofunda, yonyowa kapena yowuma, pomwe nthawi imakula kwambiri mycelium m'nthaka komanso mlengalenga. Pakadali pano, zikwama zokhala ndi spore (ma askeys) zimapangidwa ndi ma spores omwe amayambitsa matenda atsopano. Ena spores amalimbikira m'nthaka mpaka zaka 25-30.

Chifukwa chake, ngati masamba a adyo ali achikasu komanso oyera oyera otuwa amakumbidwa ndi masamba a mycelium amapezeka m'munsi mwa masamba, tsinde, pamizu ndi mano, pitani kuchipatala msanga.

Calendula obzalidwa ndi adyo monga choletsa tizilombo.

Njira zolimbana ndi matenda omwe amachititsa chikasu cha masamba a adyo.

Kuyika nsonga za masamba a adyo ndikofalikira mwachangu patsamba lonse komanso kuwonjezeka kwa masamba achikasu pamalowo ndi umboni wowonekeratu wogonjetsedwa kwa mbewu ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus.

Ngati mycelium iwoneka nthawi yayitali, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera chinyezi cha nthaka ndikuthirira. Ndikwabwino kutsanulira bedi la adyo ndi yankho la ammonium nitrate kuonjezera kukana kwa mbewu kutengera matenda.

Munthawi yachinyezi ndi kutentha kwambiri pamtunda wa adyo Fusarium, powdery mildew, zowola zina zimayamba msanga. Popewa kufunika kumasula dothi kuti muchepetse chinyezi. Mutha kudyetsa, mwakuwonjezerapo - mogwirizana ndi zomwe zatsatidwa.

Pofuna kuti musavutike ndi tanthauzo la matenda aliwonse komanso kusankhidwa kwa mankhwala kuteteza mbeu ku matenda aliwonse, ndibwino kutembenukira ku zinthu zachilengedwe.

Njira yothandiza yoletsa matendawa ndikuwathandiza mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi zinthu zopanda mankhwala zomwe sizili bwino kwa mabanja, nyama, tizilombo tothandiza komanso nyama zina. Mankhwalawa akuphatikizapo biofungicides, kuphatikizapo:

• phytosporin-M - ndi kuwonongeka kwa powdery mildew, dzimbiri, mochedwa choipitsa, kuvunda kwa mizu;
• koniotirin, glyocladin, trichodermin - wogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati matenda owola muzu (oyera, imvi, akuda);
• ampelomycin - kuchokera ku ufa wa powdery;
• Mikosan - kumawonjezera ntchito ya microflora ya dothi labwino komanso kumathandizira chimbudzi chamatenda.

Kugwiritsa ntchito ma biofungicides osakanikirana ndi matanki kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, kumawonjezera kukana kwa adyo kuwonongeka kwa matenda, kumathandizira kuti pakhale zipatso zochuluka zokwanira mababu adyo wathanzi. Zachilengedwe zimathandizira mbewu ndi dothi. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa kusakanikirana kwa thanki ndi kukonza kwa mbewu ndi dothi kuyenera kuchitika motsatira malangizo.

Yang'anani! Ngati adyo adakhudzidwa ndi matenda, chikhalidwe ichi chimabwereranso kumalo ake akale pokhapokha zaka 4-5.

Tizilombo tachikasu ta masamba adyo

Garlic imakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo tambiri, tomwe, ngati sitilamulira, titha kuwononga mbewu: tsinde nematode, anyezi ntchentche, anyezi mgodi, anyezi tsamba kachilomboka, tick muzu, utoto anyezi ndi ena. Tizilombo zoyipa kwambiri za adyo ndi anyezi akuuluka ndi tsinde nematode.

Anyezi akuuluka

Kumbukirani! Adyo akawonongeka ndi anyezi akuuluka, kuluka kumayamba ndi kuyera kwa nsonga ya tsamba.

Tizilombo timabisala m'nthaka m'nthawi ya pupa. Ndi isanayambike kutentha (April - koyambirira kwa Meyi), zaka za ntchentche zokhwima pakugonana zimayamba, zomwe zimayikira mazira pansi pamunsi pa mbewu ya adyo. Pambuyo pa masiku 3-8, kumaswa mphutsi kulowa mkati mwa mano ang'ono, kukhazikika mu tsinde lenileni (pansi) ndikuyamba kudya zipatso zamadzimadzi. Zomera zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimayamba kulakalaka, kenako zimatembenuka chikasu ndikufa.

Njira zopewera kuteteza adyo ku ntchentche za anyezi:

• kaloti ndi anyezi amafesedwa mumizere yosakanikirana pabedi. Kuzungulira mabedi mutha kudzala timbewu tanthete, ma clove, calendula ndi mbewu zina zomwe zimakhala ndi fungo lamphamvu lomwe limasokoneza tizilombo;
• dothi limamasulidwa mwadongosolo mwakuya osapitirira 3-4 cm;
• dothi lozungulira chomeracho limakonkhedwa ndi makapu 0,5 a phulusa la nkhuni, supuni ya fumbi la fodya ndi supuni 1 ya tsabola wapa (kumwa pa mita imodzi ya dera);
• mutha kuwaza kanjira kosakanikirana ndi fumbi losakanizidwa ndi phulusa la mpendadzuwa kapena chisakanizo cha fumbi la fodya ndi laimu wosalala;
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opaka bwino a adyo ndi yofooka yankho la sulfate yamkuwa: sungunulani supuni 1 ya kukonzekera m'madzi otentha ndikusakaniza ndi 10 L ya madzi ozizira.

Zoyeserera zolimbana ndi anyezi zimauluka pa adyo:

Popewa kuvulaza thanzi, sibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pokonzekera adyo. Musamale mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira kuti muchotse mbeu ndi nthaka m'nthawi ya kukula.

Mwa njira zovomerezeka zogwiritsidwa ntchito pothana ndi anyezi kuuluka pa adyo, chitani izi:

• kupopera adyo ndi yankho la kaboni ammonium mchere wa nayitrogeni; Chithandizo chimathandizira osati kuteteza mbewu ku ntchentche za anyezi, komanso kuthana ndi powdery mildew, brown ndi chikasu mawanga;
• kuthirira nthaka pansi pa mbewu ndi yankho la urea; pamene yankho likalowa masamba a mbewu, chomaliziracho chimatsukidwa ndi madzi kupewa kutentha kwamankhwala;
• 30 ml ya ammonas amaphatikizidwa ndi 10 l yamadzi ozizira ndikuyambitsa mizere yopanda bwino m'mizere ya adyo; ammonia akhoza m'malo ndi 200 g wa mchere mwala. (Kumbukirani! Mchere umadziunjikira m'nthaka ndipo ungakhudze kubzala mbewu zina).

Posachedwa, apanga ma bioinsecticides ambiri omwe amalimbana bwino ndi tizirombo. Kukonzekera kwachilengedwe komweku kumaphatikizapo "bio wokhala" Chilimwe "," Actofit "," Haupsin ". Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo nkothandiza pa matenda a mbewu ndi dothi molingana ndi malingaliro.

Dzimbiri pamasamba a adyo.

Tsinde nematode

Kuperewera kwa masamba a adyo ndi nematode nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'malo achinyontho, ozizira. Mphutsi zazing'onoting'ono kwambiri zimakhala mu tiziwalo ta matenda ta kachilombo. Matenda a dietilenchiasis amakula. Zomera zimayamba kutsalira pakukula. Phesi lonama la adyo limadzuka, limakutidwa ndi loyera, kenako malaya amtundu wakuda, masamba amayamba kutembenukira chikaso.

Mbali yodziwika bwino ya matenda a adyo omwe ali ndi nematode ndiyovunda pansi, magawo a babu a adyo amasuka. Kuwonongeka kwa babu a adyo kwathunthu, ndikupeza fungo linalake, kumawonedwa. Zomera zodwala, zowola zimasiya mphutsi ndipo zimasamukira kumalo atsopano.

Zomwe zimayimira nematode:

• imalowa mu phula wabodza komanso weniweni (pansi) wa adyo, omwe amayamba kuwola; sizowononga mizu, koma zimafa chifukwa chowola tsinde;
• pa mbewu zazing'ono, masamba amapindika kukhala timachubu, kutembenukira chikasu ndikugwa;
• Pakudwala koyamba, ming'alu yaying'ono imatha kuwoneka pansi pa adyo, omwe ndi chifukwa cha mphutsi zochulukitsa;
• pakusunga adyo, masamba owuma mano amasanduka chikaso; zowola zimayamba mano.
• nematode anamverera pa mano ndi babu a adyo sindiyo mycelium, koma masauzande a nematode;
• mu nyengo yonyowa, mbewu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi fungo la nematode la anyezi wowola ndi adyo.

Njira zopewera kuwongolera nematode

• kubzala zokhazokha zokhoma;
• kuvomerezeka disinawon of kubzala zakuthupi;
• mutakolola, zotsalira zonse ziyenera kuwotchedwa kapena kutumizidwa kompositi; mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi bulach kapena formalin;
• kubwezeretsa adyo kumunda wam'mbuyomo osapitirira zaka 4-5;
• onetsetsani kuti muwonjezera ufa wa dolomite kapena othandizira ena; mu nthaka yosaloŵerera, nematode imataya liwiro, yozizira;
• wamaluwa ena amasamalira nthaka ndi 1% yankho la koloko yophika musanadzalemo;
• kuchuluka kwa nematode m'dera lomwe muli kachilombo kumatha kuchepetsedwa kwambiri pakubzala mbewu zosaka (kasupe wakugwa, vet, soya, nandolo, nyemba, nyemba); Zomera zazikulu zimachotsedwa ndi mizu yokhala ndi tizirombo ndikuwotchedwa;
• kuyendera mwadongosolo ndi kufufuma kwa matenda omwe ali ndi matenda;
• kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi njira yamkuwa.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti njira zonse zodzitchinjiriza zomwe zimachitika motsutsana ndi anyezi akuuluka, pang'ono kapena pang'ono, zimakhudza nematode ndikuwatsogolera kuti afe.

Njira zogwira mtima pakuwongolera tsinde nematode

Kuti tipeze mundawo ku matenda ndi nematode, ndikofunikira kupatula kulowa kwake m'nthaka ndi chobzala. Kuipitsidwa kwa dothi kumachitika nthawi zambiri pobzala mbewu zobzala matenda. Kuti tipewe izi, ndikofunikira kuphera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Mwakufuna kwanu, mutha kupereka ukadaulo wa mbeu yakufa ndi tizirombo popanda kuchepetsa kumera kwa mbewu:

• Mbewuyo imanyowa m'madzi ena otentha + 38 ° C kwa ola limodzi.
• Formalin imawonjezeredwa panjirayi ndi cloves wa adyo. Kuchuluka kwa formalin kuwonjezeredwa kuyenera kukweza zomwe zili munthawi yothetsera kuzunzidwa kwa 1%.
• Kutentha kwa yankho la 1% yokhala ndi zovala za formalin ndi adyo kumabweretsa ku + 49 ° C ndipo zinthu zodzala zimasungidwa pamwambapa kwa mphindi 20 (osatinso).
• Zinthu zobzala zotetezedwa zimatsukidwa m'madzi ozizira, zouma ndikubzala m'munda.

Kuthira kwa Garlic kumatha kuchitika ndi kulowetsedwa kwa phulusa, potaziyamu permanganate, 1% yankho lamchere ndi njira zina.

Kukhazikitsa ntchito kaolin kapena bentonite kungagwiritsidwe ntchito. Maminolo ophatikizika amasakanikirana ndi dothi lapamwamba kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, nematode amasiya malo omwe amathandizidwa.

Urea imawonjezeredwa ku kanjira ka adyo, ndikutsatiridwa ndi chidindo chosaya. Ammonia kudzikundikira mumiyeso ndi poizoni ku nematode mphutsi.

Zosokoneza pa mphutsi (osati anyezi zokha, komanso nematode) feteleza wa nayitrogeni.

Olima ena amalima dothi pansi pa mchere wa adyo (200 g / 10 l yamadzi) ndi yankho kapena yankho la ammonia (30 ml / 10 l yamadzi). Mukamaliza kulima, mbewuzo zimayenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi oyera kuti masamba asatenthe.

Mwa njira zamakanolo zowongolera nematode, munthu angafunse chithandizo cha dothi ndi adyo ndi bioinsecticides. Sikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwa mankhwala (ngakhale omwe amavomerezedwa kuti agwiritse ntchito), chifukwa zimakhudza mkhalidwe waumoyo wa anthu kuphwanya malamulo okonzekera njira ndi kukonza mbewu.

Masamba achikasu ndi owuma a adyo omwe akhudzidwa ndi nematode.

Mwa bioinsecticides, Aversectin-C, Avertin-N, Pecilomycin, Metarizin, Basamil ndi ena ndi othandiza kuteteza motsutsana nematode. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a bioinsecticidal, ndikofunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizowo. Pofuna kupatuka pakusintha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito (kuphatikiza kutentha, chinyezi ndi zofunikira zina), zotsatira zabwino sizikhala zomveka.

Zinthu zomwe zafunsidwa zimawulula njira zokhazokha zotha kuthana ndi matenda akulu ndikugonjetsedwa kwa tizirombo ta adyo, chiwonetsero chakunja chomwe chiri chikasu cha mbewu. Monga mudamvetsetsa kuchokera munkhaniyi, chitetezo chachikulu ndi njira zodzitetezera. Ndi kutsatira mosamalitsa zofunikira za zida zothandiza kuti pakhale mankhwala.

Pafamu yaying'ono, ndizotheka kupatula zida zamankhwala zoteteza. Gawani ndi owerenga anu "zinsinsi" zanu kuti mupambane nkhondo yolimbana ndi tizirombo tina ndi matenda adyo.