Brassocattlea ndi mtundu wazomera wazomera wa banja la Orchidaceae (Orchidaceae). Brassocattleya Binosa ndi wosakanizidwa wopezeka pakuwoloka Brassovola nodosa (Brassavoles) ndi Cattleya bicolor (Cattleya). Maluwa amenewa amakhala ndi maluwa okongola komanso akuluakulu, omwe, ndi mtundu wawo wolemera, amafanana ndi Cattleya, koma nthawi yomweyo amakhala ndi mlomo wofatsa kwambiri.
Zambiri
Chomera cha brassocattlesia chimakhala ndi pseudobulbs zazitali kwambiri ndi ziwiri kapena zochepa nthawi yayitali, zobiriwira, zamtundu wamtundu zazitali mpaka masentimita 15. Ma Peduncles amathanso kufika masentimita 15 kutalika, kuwonekera kuchokera pamwamba pa pseudobulbs komanso kuchokera 3 mpaka 7 maluwa.
Maluwa ofanana ndi mawonekedwe a nyenyezi, obiriwira okhala ndi milomo yoyera pa dontho lofiirira, ali ndi mainchesi pafupifupi masentimita 10. Mwachilengedwe, mitundu yoposa 70 komanso mitundu yambiri ndi ma hybrids a Cattleya amadziwika, omwe amapezeka ku South ndi Central America ndi Mexico. Cattleya Wamtchire amakula pamiyala ndi mitengo m'nkhalango zowuma. Mitundu yawo yokongoletsa kwambiri idakhala maziko pakupangidwe kwazowonjezera zikwizikwi zomwe zimabzalidwa m'malo obiriwira.
Kusamalira ndi kukonza ma chesttroke
Brassocattlea amakonda kuwala kowala. Nthawi yomweyo, imalekerera dzuwa mwachindunji kuchokera m'mawa ndi madzulo dzuwa, koma kuyambira masana imayenera kutetezedwa ndi shading kuti popewa kuwotcha masamba.
Maluwa osakanizidwa amatha kuikidwa pazenera zilizonse zozungulira (kupatula chakumpoto) kapena pafupi ndi mawindo akum'mwera pama tebulo ndi oyimilira. Nthawi yomweyo, kutalika kwa nthawi masana, zomwe ndi zina mwazomwe zimakhudza kusintha kwa chomera, zizikhala zosachepera maola 8-10. Kuwala kwachilengedwe sikulinso kokwanira, ndikofunikira kukonza zowunikira, chifukwa ngati zili choncho, ma pseudobulbs atsopano adzakulirakulira ndipo orchid sadzatulutsa.
Kutentha kwambiri kwa chilimwe pa haibridi ya Cattleya ndi madigiri 22-28 Celsius. Kukwera kwake pamwamba madigiri 30 sikofunikira. Usiku wa chilimwe, kutentha sikuyenera kutsika ndi 17 digiri.
M'nyengo yozizira, zomwe zimakhala pa kutentha kwambiri, limodzi ndi kuwala pang'ono komanso kuthirira kambiri, zimasokoneza mbewu zomwe zimapanga mphukira zofooka, zimasiya maluwa, ndipo masamba ake ndi opunduka. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yozizira, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kutentha kwa pafupifupi madigiri 16-17, otsika akhoza kukhala madigiri 12.
Zophatikiza zowuma za ma hybrid ngati mpweya wozizira, womwe nthawi yozizira imayenera kukhala ndi kutentha kwa madigiri a 10-12, ndipo nthawi yotentha - yopanda 25 digiri. Monga maluwa ambiri, kutulutsa kwawo kumafunikira kusiyana pakati pa kutentha kwa usana ndi usiku, komwe kumayenera kukhala kosachepera 5 madigiri.
Chinyezi ndi kuthirira
Brassocattles safuna makamaka chinyezi. Chinyezi kuchokera 40 mpaka 60% chikhala chokwanira. Ndi mpweya wouma, kukula kwa mbewu kumalepheretsa, mizu yomwe ili pamwamba ndikuwuma, ndipo masamba amasintha chikaso ndikuleka mphamvu. Kuti mukhale chinyezi pamlingo wofunikira, gwiritsani ntchito manyowa, okhala ndi madzi kapena matayala okhala ndi dongo lokwera, moss kapena mchenga.
Pankhaniyi, muyenera kutsatira lamuloli - kukwera kwambiri, kutentha kokwanira kumayenera kukhala, komanso kukhathamira kwa chinyezi, nthawi zambiri ndikofunikira podutsa zipinda. Ngati izi sizinachitike, ndiye kuti kuwola ndi kupangika kwa matenda osiyanasiyana a fungus pachomera ndikokwera kwambiri.
Kutsirira, ngati chinyezi, kumatengera kutentha kwa zomwe zili pamsika. Kutsika kwakeko, komwe kumakhala kocheperako kumayenera kuthiriridwa. Madzi ochulukirapo ayenera kutuluka mumphika mosavuta, osayamba kusokosera pamenepo, kuti nthaka isazizidwe. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira mbewuyi ndi "shafa lotentha", lomwe limatsanza mvula yam'malo otentha ndipo limathandizira pakukula kwa mbewu, komanso kukula kwa dimba. Kutentha kwa "mzimu" woterewu kuyenera kukhala kuchokera madigiri 30 mpaka 52.
Orchid amathiriridwa pokhapokha gawo lowuma, osangoyang'ana pa nthawi iliyonse. Popeza kuyanika kwa gawo lapansi kumadalira kwenikweni kuwunikira, chinyezi ndi kutentha, ngakhale lero orchid kuyima m'masiku awiri, ndipo nthawi yotsatira ikhoza kutenga masiku 7 kapena onse 20. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kupukuta gawo lonse lonselo, ndipo imawuma mosagwirizana. Kuti mudziwe chizindikiro ichi, mutha kuyang'anitsitsa kulemera kwa mphikawo ndi gawo lonyowa ndikumauma, kapena mutha kuyang'ana momwe lilili mkati mwake ndi chala.
Feteleza
Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika pokhapokha pakukula kwa mbewu, nthawi iliyonse yachitatu yothirira mbewu. Feteleza amapangidwa mwapadera ma orchid mu ndende yanthawi zonse malinga ndi malangizo.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa, kuwonjezera pa kuvala muzu, kuti muchite mwachangu - kupopera mbewuyo ndi feteleza wothira madzi kwambiri. Ndikwabwino kusinthana njira izi.
Simungagwiritse ntchito feteleza wamba opangira mbewu zamkati, popeza momwe zimapangidwira kuti zitha kulowa m'nthaka, ndipo zikagwiritsidwa ntchito munthaka ya orchid, zimayamba kukhazikika, ndikupanga nyengo zosavomerezeka komanso zowononga mizu ya brassocattles.
Thirani ndi gawo lapansi
Brassocattlea, ngati oimira maluwa ambiri, samakonda kuvutitsidwa ndi kumuika. Chifukwa chake, maluwa amadzalidwa pokhapokha ngati akufunika kwambiri. Milandu yotere ikhoza kukhala - kukula kwa chomera ndi kulimba kwa mphika chifukwa chake, komanso kuwola, kapangidwe kake kapena kuyeretsa kwa gawo lapansi.
Zomera zimabzalidwa mosamala kwambiri, kuyesera kuti zisawononge mizu yokhazikika. Pambuyo pakuziika, ma orchid amasungidwa owuma kwa masiku angapo kuti amalimbitse kuvulala komwe kungachitike polandidwa ndikuletsa kuwola kwawo.
Zomwe zili gawo lapansi zitha kukhala motere:
- Mizu ya Fern - magawo awiri, sphagnum moss - gawo limodzi ndi makala.
- Zidutswa za khungwa la paini - magawo awiri, sphagnum moss - gawo limodzi, makala ndi makala owuma.
Acidity ya gawo lapansi iyenera kukhala pamtundu wa pH kuyambira 3 mpaka 6.
Maluwa
Mbewuyi ikapezekanso, nthawi zina pamatha kuchitika maluwa atayamba kutulutsa mabowo ndikuyamba kukhota mkati mwake. Kuti mupewe mavuto otere, ndikofunikira kukonza kaye chophimba pasadakhale kuti mumasulidwe peduncle.
Njirayi imatha kuchitika kokha ngati zisindikizo zakuda zikuwoneka kale mkati. Izi zimakonda kuphuka nthawi iliyonse pachaka, koma nthawi zambiri kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Marichi. Nthawi yamaluwa nthawi zambiri imakhala pafupifupi masabata atatu.
Maluwa atamasulidwa, maluwawo ayenera kuchotsedwa ndipo panthawiyi ndikutulutsa chomera, pambuyo pake ndikofunikira kuti chikhale chouma kwakanthawi kuti mbewuyo ikhale ndi nthawi yowonjezeranso.
Panthawi yotalikirapo masana, maola opitilira 14, maluwa amtunduwu akukana kutulutsa. Nthawi yopumula pa chifuwa cha m'mawere imachitika mu kugwa ndipo imakhala mpaka masika.
Kuswana
Brassocattlesia imafalitsa masamba ndikugawa chitsamba chachikulu chakale kuti chitha.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti chomera sichimakonda kusintha kwadzidzidzi ngati kumangidwa komanso kuti chomera chomwe chatengedwa kuchokera kusitolo chizolowere kuyatsa pang'onopang'ono.
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, chifuwa cha m'mawere chidzakondwera ndi maluwa ake apadera.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Kuwonongeka kwa chomera ndi ma screw ndikotheka, amachotsedwa ndi sopo madzi kapena kukonzekera kwapadera motsutsana ndi tizirombo timagwiritsidwa ntchito.
