Amanena za kachilombo ka Colorado - komwe kabweretsedwa ndi mphepo. Inde, oimira achikulire a banja la tizirombo timadyedwe ta masamba amatha, motsogozedwa ndi mphepo, kuthana ndi oposa 15-50 km patsiku. Kuthamanga kwa chilimwe chodziyimira panja nyengo yabwino ndi 4-8 km / h. Zaka zazikulu za akuluakulu zimayamba kugwa posaka malo abwino nthawi yachisanu. About peculiarities of a Colorado mbatata kachilomboka ndipo, zambiri, panjira zothana ndi kuziletsa - nkhani yathu.
Tumbule mbatata ya Colorado.
Zambiri zaumoyo ndi kuswana ka kachilomboka
M'nyengo yozizira, kafadala wamkulu amatumphira m'nthaka yopanda kuzizira (70 cm ndikuzama). Gawo lina losungidwa ndi kafadala wamkulu limakhalabe pansi zaka zitatu. Chapakatikati, nyengo yofunda ikakhazikika ndipo kutentha kwa mpweya kumakwera kufika + 15 ° ะก, achikulire amasankhidwa pamtunda. Imeneyi ndi nthawi yotalika maluwa a dandelions, kukula kwa udzu mbewu kuchokera kwa banja la nightshade (wakuda ndi wofiira nightshade, dope, belladonna, belena).
Kudya mwachangu masamba achichepere omwe amafunidwa, kafadala pambuyo pake amawuluka kuchokera ku zakudya zakale zadula kupita ku mbuto zazing'ono za tomato, biringanya, nsonga zamapoto. Apa, pambali pa masamba awiri a 1-2 a masamba obzala, mkaziyo amaikira mazira pamulu wa zidutswa za 10-30.
Kuvulaza kwa kafadala ndizachilendo komanso chidwi chachikulu. Mkazi m'modzi amaikira mazira achikasu 400-2500 m'moyo wake. Tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono tomwe timadya masamba osakwana 4 ga masamba, ndipo mphutsi zopitilira 1 g, timangotsalira mafupa okhaokha.
Pambuyo pa masiku 5 mpaka 17, achikuda a bulauni amaswa mazira, omwe atatha masiku 15-27 a moyo amasintha mtundu kukhala wachikasu lalanje kapena lalanje lowala. Zimapita pansi, pomwe zimasenda ndi kubwera pamwamba ngati mwana. Panyengo yotentha, kafadala wa Colorado amatha kupatsa mibadwo 2-4, kotero, kafadala wamagulu osiyanasiyana amatha kukula pachitsamba chimodzi. Zowonongeka zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi iwo zitha kufika pakuwonongeka kwa zokolola.
Njira zothanirana ndi kafadala wa Colorado
Njira zolimbana ndi kachilomboka mbatata wa Colorado amagawika:
- zopewera
- kwachilengedwe
- mankhwala.
Ntchito yayikulu yochepetsera kuchuluka kwa tizirombo timadyedwe ta masamba imapatsidwa njira zoteteza, zomwe zimaphatikizapo agrotechnical ndi njira zina zophera tizirombo. Thandizo lalikulu pachuma ndi njira zachikhalidwe zothanirana ndi tizilombo.
Zothandiza
Zochitika za Agrotechnical
Njira yofunika yothanirana ndi kachilomboka wa mbatata ya Colorado ndikuwongolera koyenera kwachuma cham'munda. Mbatata ndi mbewu zina zamasamba (zomwe zimafunidwa ndi tizilombo) azibwerera kumalo awo osapitirira zaka 4-5. Chifukwa chake, kusinthika kwa mbewu ndikofunikira, komwe kungayendetsenso kusinthidwa kwa mbewu zamasamba, zimathandizira pakukula kwakanthawi ndikukonza dothi lobzala kapena kufesa mbewu yotsatira.
Mphutsi za chikumbu cha mbatata za Colorado.
Kuti muchite izi, muyenera:
- pangani kasinthidwe kazomera ndi mitundu yambiri ya zokolola zomwe zimakopa adani achilengedwe a chikumbu cha mbatata ya Colorado (mbalame, ma ladybugs, kafadala ndi zina) kumunda ndikuwonetsetsa kuti nightshade ibwerera pamalo ake oyambira osadutsa zaka 4-5;
- konse otsogola a nightshade sangathe kuyika chikhalidwe cha banja limodzi (mwachitsanzo: mbatata pambuyo pa biringanya, tomato ndi mosemphanitsa);
- mukakolola zotsogola, dothi liyenera kuthiriridwa bwino kuti limeretse namsongole. Pa mbande, manyowa mineral ndi organic ndikukumba dothi pa bayonet ya fosholo (25-30 cm) pa chernozems yokhala ndi wosintha. Pewani kumera m'mundamo ndi udzu mutakolola;
- Panyengo yophukira, onetsetsani kuti mwayeretsedwa tirigu, kuti mbewuzo zisungunuke.
Njira zodziwika bwino za chitetezo
Asanayambike mankhwala, amphawi anagwiritsa ntchito njira zambiri polimbana ndi kachilomboka ku Colorado mbatata, komwe adapanga chifukwa chowonera kuzungulira kwa chitukuko ndi kubereka tizirombo.
Zakale "zachikale" muukadaulo waulimi wa mbatata
Lero, okhala chilimwe akubwerera ku njira yakale yotsimikiziridwa yokulira mbatata pa mulch. Kuti muchite izi, pa chiwembu chokonzedwa mu kugwa (kumasulidwa ku maudzu, ukala ndi kukumbidwa), mulitali wosanjikiza umapangidwira mbatata. Itha kukhala masamba, udzu, udzu, udzu (wopanda mbewu) namsongole ndi zinthu zina. M'nyengo yozizira, iwo amasintha kuchokera ku zachilengedwe zomwe zimasokonekera komanso kukakamizidwa ndi chipale chofewa.
Chapakatikati, mulch wosanjikiza umafalikira pang'ono, timatumba ta mbatata timayala ndikuwaphimba ndi mulch, 25-30 cm. Monga shrinkage, mulch imawonjezeredwa, ndikuyika chosanjikiza chambiri.
Tizilomboti tambiri tomwe timakhala kununkhira kwa mbatata zatsopano zobiriwira, koma sizingatheke chifukwa cha mulch tifa. M'dzinja, mulch imachotsedwa pamabedi, tubers amatuta. Nthaka yozungulira yotentha imabalalika pamalowo ndikuikamo pansi ngati feteleza. Malinga ndi ndemanga za nzika zaku Russia za chilimwe komanso alimi aku America, palibe kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo munjira imeneyi yolima mbatata.
Kukula mbatata pansi pa udzu.
Infusions, decoctions ndi nyambo
Ma infusions ndi ma decoctions a udzu waziphuphu sizili zovulaza monga olemba ambiri amalemba, akupereka njira zina zotetezera tizilombo. Chifukwa chake, ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala ndikuonetsetsa kuti zitha kugwiritsa ntchito chitetezo, makamaka mphumu ndi chifuwa.
- Mutabzala mbatata, ndi nthawi ya mphukira imodzi (ngati yaying'ono), mabulosi mbatata adayikidwa. Chikumbu chimakwawa pa fungo la mbatata. Zimangosungidwa ndikuziwononga.
- M'mabzala mbatata, muli zosiyanasiyana mumakumbidwa ndi dothi, pomwe pansi pake pali "Colourado" - mbatata, makamaka mbande. 1-2 kawiri pa sabata ndikofunikira kuyang'ana misampha. Tizilombo tosanjidwa timakutenga mu ndowa ina ndi madzi a sopo kapena kuvala palafini ndikuwonongeka.
- M'malo ang'onoang'ono, mutha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa tizirombo ndikuwugwedeza mu beseni, pansi pomwe saline wamphamvu, palafini kapena njira ina ya poizoni amathira.
- Phulusa la nkhuni limawiritsa kwa maola 0,5 muyezo wa 1 makilogalamu / 10 L yamadzi, kunena masiku awiri. 40-50 g yazovala zapa sopo wochapa (wopanda mabulangeti) amawonjezerapo njira yosefera ndipo atatha kusungunuka kwathunthu, chosakanikiracho chimakonzedwanso kamodzi ndi madzi a 10 l. Zotsatira zogwira ntchito zimapoperedwa ndi mbewu. Ngati ndi kotheka, bwerezani kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, ndibwino kutulutsidwa kwa kachilombo ka imago ka chikumbu cha Colorado mbatata.
- Wiritsani kwa mphindi 15 mpaka 20 mu malita 10 a madzi 200 g a maluwa a dandelion ndi mbewu zamahatchi. Kuzizira, kupsinjika. Kuchepetsa 0,5 l chifukwa choganiza mu ndowa ndi kuwaza kubzala kwa nightshade.
- Mutha kukonzekera kulumikizana kwa zakudya zamtunduwu zomwe zimakhudza mndandanda waukulu wa tizirombo timene timadya masamba. Mu nthawi yophukira, mbiya yamatabwa kapena yamatabwa imayikiriridwa ndi masamba agwa, mtedza wobiriwira ndikuthira madzi otentha. M'nyengo yozizira, kuphatikiza mtedza kumapangidwa. 1-2 malita a concentrate amadzidulira ndi malita 10 amadzi ndikuthiridwa ndi yankho logwira ntchito pakufunikira. Kuyesedwa kwa ndende kumachitika motere: yikani njira zothetsera zosiyanasiyana zozama (1: 10, 2: 10, 1,5: 10.) Ndipo mbeu ziwiri za tomato, mbatata, biringanya zimapopera. Pambuyo pa masiku 1-2, amayang'ana kuti njira yothetsera mavutowo sipanawotchedwe tchire lochiritsidwa, yankho lake ndipo tsamba lonse limathandizidwa. Kugwiritsa kwa ntchito kumakhala kokwanira.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
Tizilombo ta mbatata ku Colorado timasiyanitsa pakati pa kukopa ndi kusinthira fungo la chomera. Omaliza amatchedwa mankhwala achilengedwe. Njira yotchinjirayi idagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi olima munda panthawi yomwe kunalibe mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Zomera zophatikiza ndi monga calendula, nyemba, nyemba za sedan, nyemba zamatchi, coriander, adyo.
Zofesedwa m'mphepete mwa mabedi komanso pansi pa tchire losiyana, mbewu izi zimateteza molimba mbewu za masamba kuti zisawonongedwe ndi kachilomboka. Komabe, zindikirani kuti mbewu 1-2 sizingateteze chikhalidwecho kuchokera kuzilombo.
Kuyika mazira a chikumbu cha mbatata ya Colorado.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oteteza
Zachilengedwe
Kukonzekera kwachilengedwe kumachitika motengera bakiteriya kapena fungus. Zilibe vuto kwa nyama yamagazi ofunda komanso osavulaza anthu. Zachilengedwe zopangidwa ndi Bitoxibacillin, Bicol, Colado, Fitoverm, Agrovertin, Boverin amawononga mphutsi zazing'ono. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumagwirizana ndi nyengo ndipo kumafunikira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pakatha masiku 20-25. Mlingo ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito amafotokozedwa pamaphukusi ndi patsamba lolingana pa intaneti.
Mankhwala
Mwa mankhwala, Decis-Profi, Confidor, Commander, Corado, Aktara, Spark, Lightning ndi ena ndi othandiza. Kukonzekera kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri pochotsa masimba panthawi yanji kutuluka kwa mphutsi. Monga lamulo, mankhwalawa ndi a gulu lowopsa la 3-4, ndipo muyenera kuchita nawo mosamala kwambiri, powona njira zonse zoteteza. Ponena za zinthu zachilengedwe, kukonza njira zogwirira ntchito ndi njira zamagwiritsidwe ntchito zimafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane pamapaketi ndi pa intaneti yofananira.
Zosiyanasiyana zomwe sizikuopa chikumbu cha mbatata ya Colorado
Pamabzala m'minda, pakati pa mitundu yanthawi zonse ya mbatata, nthawi zonse pamakhala zitsamba zingapo zomwe sizikhala ndi kachilomboka. Monga lamulo, mu tchire izi, tsamba limakhala louma, lotanuka, masamba amawongoleredwa mmwamba pa ngodya yayikulu, ndikuwunikidwa ndi dzuwa tsiku lonse. Siyani tchire pa mbatata za mbewu.
Pang'onopang'ono, mumapeza mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imagwirizana ndi bug kuposa yoyambayo. Tchire lomwe limadwala kwambiri komanso lofooka lomwe limasulidwa ndi tsamba, lomwe ndilothandiza kwambiri kuyikira mazira, limakhudzidwa ndi kachilomboka.
Chomera chodyedwa ndi mphutsi za kachilombo ka mbatata ku Colorado.
Ntchito yobereketsa yolima mitundu yosemphana ndi tizilombo idayamba mu 90s ya zaka zapitazi ku Russian Federation, Belarus, Ukraine. Pakadali pano, obereketsa asankha mitundu yomwe 100% yogonjetsedwa ndi chiphuphu cha chikumbu cha mbatata ya Colorado. Izi ndi mitundu zotsatirazi zoperekedwa ndi Belarus ndi Ukraine: Morning, Bryansk wodalirika, Lasunok, Kamensky, Orbit, Belorussky-3.
Mwa mitundu ya Ural, Temp ndi Antizhuk ali pamsika. Mitundu yonse imakhala yodziwika bwino chifukwa cha kuphatikiza ndi tsitsi lolimba la tinthu tating'onoting'ono tachitsamba komanso kupendekeka kwapadera kwa masamba. Izi zimaletsa tizilombo kuti tisadyetse ndi kuyikira mazira. Mbatata safuna kutetezedwa, chifukwa kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata sikukhazikika pa iwo.
Mukugulitsa kambiri, chifukwa chobzala paminda yayikulu, sikokwanirabe, koma mitundu ikupezeka kale kwa olima mitengo m'nyumba zamalimwe. Mutha kugula zinthu zodzala m'masitolo apadera kapena m'masitolo apadera a intaneti ndikukhazikitsa malo ogulitsa kunyumba.
Kuchokera pamitundu yomwe mukufuna, samalani ndi mitundu ya Morning. Amadziwika ndi kulolerana kwambiri ndi chilala, samakhudzidwa ndi kudwala koopsa komanso nkhanambo, ndipo ndiosakanika kuti kafadala wa Colorado mbatata. Mwa mitundu yoyambirira, Lasunok ndiye mtsogoleri. Wodzipereka, wokoma komanso osamala, amapanga ma tubers 12 pa chitsamba chimodzi cholemera 100-200 g iliyonse.
