Kukhala wopanda madzi otentha ndi koyipa. Chifukwa chake, ngati nyumbayo siipatsidwenso madzi otentha, muyenera kukhazikitsa chotenthetsera madzi. Ngati nyumbayo ilibe magetsi akuwotcherera m'chipinda cha boiler, chomera chamagetsi kapena sizingatheke kulumikiza zida zamagetsi kuti zithere magetsi, ndizosatheka kugwiritsa ntchito ma boiler amagetsi pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana (ngakhale dzinali silolondola kwenikweni, lazika kale, mwa malamulo ake ndiwotentha kwamadzi). Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane mfundo zoyendetsera boilers, ndi mitundu yake.
Kodi boiler yamagetsi imagwira bwanji ntchito yotenthetsera madzi?
Pakadutsa njira yotsogola yomwe imatsutsa, imatenthetsa malinga ndi lamulo la Joule-Lenz (apa pali kakhazikitsidwe kamene kamatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa magawo amipangidwe yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi mphamvu yamagetsi malinga ndi izo - Q = R * I2, apa Q ili ndi mphamvu yamafuta, R ndi kukana, ndili pano). Ndi wochititsa m'madzi, kutentha komwe kumapangidwa kumasinthidwira kwa iye.
Ngakhale zili choncho, ziyenera kudziwidwa, lero zotenthetsera madzi zalengezedwa kuti zimagwira ntchito pazoyendetsa mphamvu mwachindunji (kudzera pa ma radiation a microwave) ku mamolekyulu amadzi, koma nthawi ipita mpaka ifalikire kwambiri.
Dziwani kuti ma boilers onse amagetsi amakhala ndi zida zowongolera kutentha, amatha kusakanikirana malinga ndi njira yosavuta yogwiritsira ntchito kusintha kwa bimetallic, kapena kukhala ovuta kufikira kugwiritsa ntchito microprocessors.
Pafupifupi kutentha konse, makamaka kosungirako, komwe kumakhala ndi chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri, nthawi zambiri izi zimakhala ma valve.
Gulu
Pali mitundu iwiri yama boiler ama magetsi otenthetsera madzi:
- Direct-flow boiler, madzi amatenthedwa, akudutsa osinthitsa kutentha ndi malo akulu. Zipangizo zoterezi ndizophatikiza ndipo zimapereka kutentha nthawi yomweyo zikuphatikizidwa mu netiweki. Komabe, ali ndi mphamvu yayikulu yamagetsi ndipo nthawi zambiri amafunafuna mawaya abwino ndioteteza.
- Cumulative - otenthetsa mphamvu zamagetsi pamunsi pano amagwiritsidwa ntchito (chifukwa chake, akumadya zochepa). Kutentha kwamadzi sikuchitika mumtsinje wodutsa, koma mu thanki (yomwe imaperekedwanso ndimatenthedwe othandizira). Ubwino wa chida choterocho sikuti wangokhala wotsika kokha womwe umadutsa magetsi oyaka, komanso kuti amalimbana mosavuta ndi nsonga (mwachitsanzo, m'mawa banja lonse likasamba ndikusamba) madzi akumwa. Komanso, ndi malipiro osiyanitsidwa ambiri amagetsi (usiku, ma kilowatts amawononga ndalama zochepa), kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo kumakhala koyenera pazifukwa zachuma - madzi amatha kutentha pomwe mita amawerengera pamlingo wochepera (usiku). Zoyipa zamagetsi owonjezera amagetsi zimaphatikizapo kukula kwake kwakukulu. Ngati mukufuna chotenthetsera chotere, onetsetsani kuti mukumvetsa malingaliro ake oyendetsa. Kuchokera pamenepa, komanso kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imatulutsa, zimatengera kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe amawiritsa.
Kodi zotentha ndi ziti
Kuti mumvetsetse pomaliza, lingaliro la magwiridwe antchito yamagetsi yamagetsi liyenera kumvetsetsa momwe TEN imagwirira ntchito (ichi ndi chidule cholondola, ngakhale TEN imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauzira m'zinenero za Chisilavo).
Zolemba zakuchepetsa kwa chotenthetsera - heater yamagetsi. Ndiye chitoliro (chitsulo, dothi, galasi, ndi zina) .momwe chimatenthetsera chimapezeka ndikuzunguliridwa ndi dielectric yosagwira kutentha.
Makulidwe awo ndi mawonekedwe ake amatha kukhala osiyanasiyana - owongoka, "U" - woumbika, wopindika kuzungulira. Zolumikizira kapena ulusi wolumikiza magetsi zimatha kupezekanso m'njira zosiyanasiyana kumapeto kwa chitoliro kapena konse. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti chipangizochi chinapangidwa ndipo chidapangidwa zaka zana zapitazo zisanachitike.
Mfundo yogwira ntchito
Kuphatikiza poti tinafufuza magwiritsidwe antchito amagetsi opaka magetsi, tikambirana mitundu yawo. Kuphatikiza apo, timasungitsa, kusiyana kumeneku sikugwira ntchito kokha kwa mtundu wamagetsi amagetsi, gulu lomwe tidaliphatikiza kale, koma makamaka pazinthu zomwe zidapangidwazo. Chifukwa chake, timaganizira mitundu yapadera yama boiler amagetsi, ndipo momwe amagwirira ntchito, timapatsa aliyense gawo laling'ono. Ngakhale zotenthetsera izi zimasiyana mitundu yokhazikika komanso osati zochuluka, kuti akhale ndi zomwe zikuchitika, ayenera kuzololedwa.
Ma boiler amagetsi okhala ndi zinthu zowunda
Nthawi zambiri TEN imapezeka mwachindunji m'madzi, ndipo kulumikizana kwake ndi thupi kumasiyanitsidwa ndi kusindikiza magesi. Komabe, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yotchedwa boilers yamagetsi yokhala ndi TEN youma, mkati mwake zinthu zotenthezera zili m'matumbo ndipo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi madzi. Ma heterawa ndi otetezeka (pali chitetezo chowirikiza kawiri pachiwopsezo cha mphamvu, chowopsa m'madzi, chomwe chimakhala chochititsa) ndipo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotsika mtengo zotentha.
Kuphatikizanso kwina kwa zida zotere ndikusintha kwazotentha palokha, ma petulo owonjezera safunikira, mutha kungochotsa chotenthetsera chokha ndikukhazikitsa yatsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, palibe kusiyana kuti ndi mitundu yanji, zotenthetsera madzi ndizosavuta kusamalira.
Yophika mozungulira boiler
Chipangizochi chimapangidwa kuti azitentha madzi, mothandizidwa ndi magetsi amagetsi, komanso mothandizidwa ndi machitidwe othandizira magetsi. Mbali yayikulu yomwe boiler yamagetsi yamagetsi awiri imakhala ndikuti kuwonjezera pa zotenthetsera, palinso othandizira kutentha kwa madzi otentha ogwiritsira ntchito kuchokera kuwotcha. Njira imeneyi imakupatsani mwayi wopezera nyumba madzi otentha, ngakhale munthawi yomwe zipinda zama boiler kapena kutentha ndi mphamvu zamagetsi sizikugwira ntchito.
Ubwino wa dongosololi ndikuti kutenthetsa madzi ndi magetsi nthawi zonse kumakhala kokwera mtengo kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi.
Nthawi zambiri, zidazi zimakhala ndi pulogalamu yamagetsi yomwe imathandizira kuti isamangotenthetsa zinthu, komanso ngati pakufunika kutero. Kuphatikiza apo, izi zitha kukhala boiler yamagetsi, kapena zida zamagetsi zothandizidwa ndi ndalama. Ngakhale chifukwa zazikuluzikulu za chipangizocho zimafunikira kuti pakhale mitundu iwiri yamawotolo amadzi, ma boiler ochita kuperekera pafupipafupi nthawi zambiri amakhala ophatikizika.
Mwachidule, izi ndi zonse zomwe zitha kunenedwa za boiler Kutenthetsera madzi pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi m'nkhani yaying'ono. Ngakhale kuti mukhale ndi chidziwitso chokwanira pamutuwu, muyenera kuyang'anira zochitika zaposachedwa, zonse muukadaulo wamakono komanso muzinthu zaposachedwa zamakampani zamagetsi. Koma iyi ndi mutu wa buku, osati nkhani.
