Ambiri olima m'minda yawo yamaluwa ndi ziwembu zawo amayesera kukula maluwa okongola komanso osavuta kusamalira. Zina mwazomera izi ndi cosmea. Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa kuti chimafanana kwambiri ndi camomile, koma chimasiyana m'mitundu yowala komanso yowoneka bwino ya terry inflorescence yake. Kuchokera pamenepa, maluwa aliwonse amawoneka owala komanso okongola. Ambiri wamaluwa amasamala za funso la momwe angakulire cosmea kuchokera kumbewu. Kodi ndi maluwa ati omwe amafunikira tikamakulidwa m'munda wowonekera?
Wokonda cosmea
Ndi mitundu yake ya utawaleza, cosmea imakumbutsa nyengo yotentha yotentha. Izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa malo obzala maluwa ndi Mexico. Duwa lake ndi la herbaceous zomera za aster banja. Cosmea ndizosatha komanso pachaka, ndipo padziko lonse lapansi pali mitundu ya maluwa pafupifupi 25. Agawidwa m'magawo:
- terry;
- theka-kawiri;
- matenda.
Ngakhale lidakhala lakale kwambiri, kosmey mizu yake idakhala nyengo yathu yabwino. Imakula bwino ngakhale kumpoto kwamtunda.
Wamtali cosmea amakula mpaka 50-150 cm. Zoyambira zake ndi zowongoka, zosintha komanso zophukira. Amakula masamba osakhwima pang'ono odulidwa. Ma inflorescence mwanjira mabasiketi amafanana kwambiri ndi daisies. Pawiri, amafika masentimita 12, amatha kumera okha kapena kusonkhanitsa zodzikongoletsa za chithokomiro. Zoweta zimatha kutulutsa mitundu yatsopano ya cosmea. Tsopano mawonekedwe ake amitundu ndi okhathamira kwambiri:
- magenta;
- pinki
- ofiira
- zoyera
- wofiirira
- chikasu chagolide.
Maluwa a cosmea ali ndi njere, amasunga katundu wawo kwa zaka 2-3 ndipo ndi oyenera kufesa.
Cosmea: kukula kwa mbewu, kubzala liti?
Duwa limadzala pogwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri zosavuta:
- kufesa panthaka;
- njira yodzala.
Ngati mungasankhe njira yoyamba yobzala mbewu, ndiye kumayambiriro kwa masika, matalala akadzagwa, mbewu zofesedwa poyera. Zabalalidwa zidutswa za 3-4 pamtunda ndi gawo la masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Zimafunika kuwazidwa pang'ono ndi nthaka pafupifupi masentimita 1. Mosamala chisamaliro, cosmea imakondwera ndi maluwa ake owala mu Julayi-August. Ngati pazifukwa zina kumayambiriro kwa kasupe sikunali kotheka kufesa mbewu za cosmea, izi zitha kuchitika kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira nyengo yachisanu isanachitike. Zomera zimaberekana zokha, ndiye kuti mu nthawi ya masika mutha kuchepera mbande ndikuchotsa namsongole.
Njira yotsata ndi yovuta kwambiri, koma imapereka zotsatirapo zake. Muyenera kuyamba kufesa mbewu mu Marichi-Epulo. Iyenera kuwumbika pamwamba pamtunda watsopano komanso wothira ndipo imakanikizidwa pang'ono, osakonkha ndi dothi.
Kufesa kumakutidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu. Chidebe chokhala ndi njere chiyenera kuyikiridwa ndi kutentha kwa 18-20zaC. Mbewu zimamera patatha pafupifupi masiku 7-14. Kubzala pang'onopang'ono kuyenera kudulidwamo, ndikusiyiranani pakati pa mbande za cm 10-15.Ndibwino kusankha mbewu ndikusunga chidebe pa kutentha pang'ono kwa 16-18zaC. Simungathe kusankha, koma mutangofesa mbewuzo mumakankhidwe apadera a 2-3 ndipo pakapita nthawi, adzakhala okonzeka kubzala panthaka.
Cosmea: Kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera
Ndikwabwino kuyika kosmey pomwe kuwopseza kwa masika a chilimwe kudutsa. Mbande izitha kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 6. Nthawi zambiri imabzalidwa theka lachiwiri la Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa Juni. Kuti mudzalime, muyenera kusankha malo owala bwino, otetezedwa ku mphepo zamphamvu. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yachonde pang'ono, ndikuthira manyowa abwino. Ngati dothi ndi lachonde kwambiri, ndiye kuti zikumera zimakula mwachangu. Chifukwa cha izi, sipadzakhala maluwa ambiri. Zomera zodzala zimapangidwa mwakuya masentimita 30, ndipo zimatha kulowa mwakuya ngati mitunduyo ndi yayitali. Choyamba, bowo limathiridwa ndi madzi kenako mbande zibzalidwe, zimawonjezeredwa ndi madzi ndikuthiranso.
Mitundu yayitali ya cosmea amafuna thandizo. Imafunika kusamaliridwa pasadakhale. Kuti abzale chitsamba chabwino, ayenera kutsina nsonga zake. Izi zimachitika maluwa atafika kutalika masentimita 50. Cosmei ayamba kuphuka, wobzala mbande pakati pa chilimwe.
Cosmea ndiwosasunthika pochoka, kotero wam'munda wamalonda amatha kupirira ntchitoyi. Thirirani kamodzi pa sabata, koma kwambiri. Pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse, muyenera kuthira madzi 4-5. Mukathirira, ndikofunikira kumasula dothi kuti mizu yake itukuke bwino. Musaiwale kuchotsa udzu, ndiye mbewuyo imakhala yolimba komanso yolimba.
Panyengo yonse yomwe mukufuna dyetsani maluwa katatu:
- musanafike maluwa;
- pa maluwa;
- kumayambiriro kwa maluwa.
Mavalidwe ambiri apamwamba amapereka mtundu wokulirapo. Pachifukwa ichi, njira zapadera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Osachulukitsa feteleza chomera kuti chisavulaze. Kutha kwama inflorescence kumayenera kuchotsedwa pa nthawi. Tchuthi zazitali zimatha kudulidwa, ndiye kuti zimakhala zowonjezereka komanso zowoneka bwino.
Chomera sichimawopa tizirombo ndi matenda, ndicokhazikika. Chokhacho chomwe duwa limachita mantha ndi ma slgs ndi nkhono. Zitha kusungidwa pamanja kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera pokonzanso. Mankhwala amodzi sangapereke zabwino, pakatha sabata limodzi bwerezani ndondomekoyi.
Cosmea m'munda
Mawonekedwe oyamba komanso osakhwima a cosmea amachititsa kuti pakhale mawonekedwe apaderadera omwe ali apadera komanso okongola kwambiri. Duwa limawoneka losavuta komanso lofanana ndi meadows ndi minda. Mithunzi yambiri ndi mitundu yake imapanga mawonekedwe odabwitsa, kapangidwe kake ndi kogwirizana komanso kabwino.
Cosmei idzapangidwa ndi maluwa amtundu wa chilimwe omwe amakhalanso ambiri - chamomile, marigolds, coneflower ndi phlox. Mitundu yayitali ndi yoyenera ngati lingakubisa malo osayenerera pamalowo. Mitundu yomwe imamera pang'ono ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kukongoletsa malire mosakanikirana ndi mitundu ina. Pamodzi, apanga mawonekedwe owoneka bwino omwe chilengedwechi chidzawoneka chokongola.
