Mitundu ya Stromantha ili ndi mitundu inayi ya mbewu zomwe ndi gawo la banja la arrowroots. Kuthengo, chomeracho chimapezeka m'nkhalango zamvula za ku South ndi Central America, koma nthawi yomweyo chimakula bwino mukamayamwa ndi olima athu kunyumba.
Zambiri
Stromants kukula ngati herbaceous perennials, mpaka 60-80 masentimita kutalika. Masamba omwe amatembenukira dzuwa nthawi zonse ndi okongola kwambiri, okulirapo. Ndipo milozo yawo yobiriwira ndi kirimu yosasangalatsa, yomwe ili m'litali lonse la tsamba, imapatsa mbewuyo mawonekedwe okongoletsa kwambiri.
Mtengowo umafunikira kwambiri pazomangidwa, uyenera kutetezedwa ku zozizira pang'ono ndi kutentha kotsika ndi madigiri 18. Chinyezi chimathandizanso kwambiri pamoyo wamatsenga, mpweya wouma wamkati umakhala wowopsa pachomera.
Mukukula chomera chokongoletsera ichi, mutha kukumana ndi vuto, mitundu yambiri ya stromanthus ndi yayikulu mokwanira, chifukwa chake zimakhala zovuta kuzisunga m'malo obiriwira kapena malo osungira mabotolo, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuziyika m'malo akuluakulu ndi maluwa.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Zosangalatsa stromantha Wakula ngati mbewu yabwino mpaka kufika 20-30 masentimita. Masamba ndi owongoka bwino, pafupifupi masentimita 10-20 m'litali ndi masentimita 4-5 m'lifupi, ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira komanso mawonekedwe obiriwira amitengo ya Khrisimasi; kunsi kwa tsamba, tsamba limapaka utoto wonyezimira. Maluwa ndi nondescript, amawoneka nthawi ya masika kapena chilimwe.
Stromantha magazi ofiira kumera zakutchire ku Brazil. Wokula ngati mbewu yabwino, mpaka masentimita 40-50 kutalika. Masamba otsogola, owongoka, owongoka, ofika mpaka sentimita 15 mpaka 40 m'litali ndi masentimita 7-13 m'lifupi.
Pamwambapo timapepalapo timakhala ndi utoto wonyezimira wowoneka bwino wokhala ndi mawonekedwe okhala ndi V, ndipo kuchokera pansi amapeza hue yofiyira. Nthawi yamaluwa imagwera nthawi ya masika-chilimwe, maluwa ndi ochepa, koma mosakanikirana bwino.
Multicolor - chivundikiro cha masamba amtundu wakuda wobiriwira, wokongoletsedwa ndi mabatani obiriwira kapena oyera ndi madontho, kumunsi kwa mtundu wa burgundy.
Maroon - tsamba lophimba la mthunzi wobiriwira, mitsempha yamkati mwa mtundu wobiriwira wopepuka imatchulidwanso, kumbali yakumbuyo ndi burgundy.
Horticolor - chivundikiro cha masamba chimakongoletsedwa ndi mawanga ndi mikwingwirima ya maolivi, chikasu, zobiriwira zowala ndi mitundu yobiriwira yakuda.
Triostar - chivundikiro cha tsamba lamtundu wakuda wobiriwira, mbali yakumtunda imakutidwa ndi madontho ndi mikwingwirima, kuyambira ndi mawonekedwe oyera-apinki ndikutha ndi mtundu wa saladi, gawo lotsika la utoto wa burgundy. Mitundu iyi ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimapezeka kwambiri pakhomo, nthawi zina zimapezeka pansi pa dzina la Tricolor.
Stromantha chisamaliro chakunyumba
Stromantha akumva bwino ndipo amakula bwino m'malo owala. M'nyengo yozizira, amafunikiranso kupereka nyali zowala. Chomera sichimalola kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji mu nthawi yachilimwe-nthawi yachilimwe, ndikofunikira kuti mumdima masamba ndi pepala kapena nsalu yotulutsa.
Kutalika kwa mtundu wake ndi kukula kwa masamba zimatengera ngati mbewuyo yatetezedwa bwino kuchokera ku dzuwa. Ngati kuunikaku kuli kowala kwambiri, kapena kuchepa, masamba amatha kutaya mtundu wake wokongoletsa, komanso kuchepa kukula kwake.
Zomera zimamva bwino m'mawindo akumadzulo ndi kum'mawa, koma ngati mbewuyo ili pafupi ndi zenera lakumwera, ndikofunikira kuti izipatsanso mthunzi kuchokera kumayendedwe dzuwa. Ma stromants amathanso kukhala okulirapo pakumayatsa kwanyali kwamagetsi owala, kwa maola 16 patsiku.
Chapakatikati ndi chilimwe, kwa ma stromants, ndikofunikira kupereka kutentha kwa madigiri 22 mpaka 27 tsiku lonse, ndipo usiku, kutentha kumachepa pang'ono. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, amasunga kutentha mu kanjira kuyambira madigiri 18 mpaka 20, popanda kutero. Kutentha kochepa, kufalikira kwa mizu kumatha kuchitika, komwe kungawononge mbewuyo, pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kuyang'anira madontho otentha ndikupewanso kukonzekera.
Komanso, mbewuyo imafunika kuthirira yambiri nthawi yachilimwe komanso nthawi yachilimwe, pomwe pamwamba pa nthaka umauma. M'dzinja-nthawi yozizira, kuthirira kwa stromants amachepetsedwa pang'ono. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofewa okha, osamalira bwino komanso otentha. Mbali yofunika pakulima kwa mbewuyi ndikuwunika nthaka kuti isathiridwe dothi kapena kufinya, osalola kuti mizu ichotse. Kutsirira ndikwabwino pambuyo poti nthaka yapamwamba imeuma.
Ndikofunikira kupatsa mtengowo chinyezi chowonjezera cha mpweya mu mayendedwe kuchokera 70 mpaka 90 peresenti, komanso kupopera mbewu nthawi zonse pachaka. Kufafaniza kuyenera kuchitika mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kusefedwa kapena madzi okhazikika bwino kutentha. Ngati chomera chimayikidwa m'chipinda chomwe chili ndi mpweya wouma, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika kamodzi patsiku, ndiye kuti izi zikuyenera kuchitika kawiri pa tsiku. Kuchulukitsa chinyezi cha mpweya pafupi ndi chomeracho, chitha kuyikidwa pallet ponyowa ndi timiyala tonyowa, timbewu tating'onoting'ono kapena dothi lotukulidwa. Nthawi yomweyo, osalola pansi pamphika kukhudza madzi. Njira inanso yosungira chinyontho mu chomera ndikuyika chikwama cha pulasitiki pamwamba pake. Ma stromants ndiabwino kwambiri kukula m'maluwa, masamba obiriwira pang'ono ndi malo owonjezera, ndipo akumva bwino kumeneko.
Kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira, ma stromants amapereka kuvala kwapamwamba kamodzi sabata iliyonse pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa mchere, ndi theka lazowunikira kuchokera kuzowongolera. Mbewuyi imakonda kwambiri calcium komanso michere m'nthaka.
Stromantha kumuika kunyumba
Zomera zimafunika kuziika chaka ndi chaka mchaka kapena chilimwe, ndipo mbewu zachikale zimasulidwa kamodzi pachaka ziwiri zilizonse, pomwe zikuwonjezera nthaka yatsopano chaka chilichonse. Pakuzaza, ndikofunikira kuchotsa masamba akale ndikusankha mphika wamtali wa chomera, malinga ndi kukula kwa mizu.
Kusakaniza kwa dothi kumapangidwa ndi magawo awiri a dothi lamasamba, 1 gawo la peat ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga, nthaka yotere imakhala humus, yowonjezereka komanso yotayirira, komanso acidic pang'ono ndi pH ya 6, koma osatinso; makala ophwanyika amathanso kuwonjezeredwa m'nthaka. Ndikothekanso kupanga dothi lina motalikirapo: humus, sheet land and peat in mulingo ofanana ndi ½ gawo la mchenga.
Popanda kuthekera kopanga dothi la ma stromants pamanja, mutha kugula okonzeka, mwachitsanzo, dothi la arrowroot kapena dothi la azaleas ndiloyenera. Olima ena amalangiza kugwiritsa ntchito dothi logulidwa la mitengo ya kanjedza. Musaiwale kuyikanso ngalande za chomera, ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri ¼ gawo la kutalika kwa mphika.
Kufalikira kwa zopindika pogawa chitsamba
Kufalitsa mbewu ndikugawa chitsamba, izi zimachitika ndikudula, ndikofunikira kugawa mosamala mbewu zazikuluzikulu zitatu popanda kuwononga mizu. Pambuyo pake zibzalidwe m'nthaka kale komanso kuthiriridwa bwino ndi madzi ofunda, nthawi yotsatira tisanatsirire timadikirira kuyanika kwa dothi lapamwamba.
Chidebe chokhala ndi chomeracho chiyenera kuyikidwa mu thumba la pulasitiki lotayidwa ndikuyika malo otentha, pambuyo pake muyenera kudikirira mpaka chomera chilimba ndikuwapatsa masamba atsopano.
Kufalikira kwa Stromantha ndi odulidwa
Kufalitsa chomera cha stromantha mu kasupe ndi chilimwe, pogwiritsa ntchito kudula kwapawiri, ndikofunikira kukonzekera zodzala: kudula kuchokera masentimita 7 mpaka 10 kutalika ndi timapepala 2-3 kuchokera kumitengo yatsopano kumadulidwa, kudula kumapangidwa pang'ono pansi pa malo ofananira ndi tsamba kumtunda.
Zodulidwa zakonzedwa zimayikidwa mumtsuko ndi madzi, kuwonjezera apo, mutha kuyikamo chidebe ichi m'thumba lowonekera kapena mini greenhouse. Zimatenga pafupifupi milungu isanu ndi umodzi kuti mazidulidwewo azizika. Muziyambira bwino mnyumba zomwe mumakhala ndi chinyezi chambiri komanso kutentha. Zomera zobzala zakonzeka kubzala m'nthaka.
