Mwachilengedwe, camellias ndi tchire lalikulu kapena mitengo yokhala ndi korona wotayirira yomwe imakula mpaka mamitala angapo. Koma kunyumba, samalani duwa la camellia, pachithunzichi, silipatsidwa kwa onse omwe amalima maluwa. Kukongola kotchuka chifukwa cha maluwa ozizira nthawi zina kumakhala kovuta ndipo sikufuna kuzolowera kukhala m'nyumba.
Ndipo komabe, podziwa zinsinsi za mbeuyo, ndikupanga nyengo kuti ikhale pafupi kwambiri ndi chilengedwe, munthu angayembekezere zabwino za camellia. Ndi aluso okonda zam'nyumba zamkati, ndi chisamaliro choyenera, camelia imakhala yopambana, imapanga masamba ambiri, ukufalikira chaka chilichonse kusangalatsa ena.
Zojambula za camellia ndi kusamalira maluwa kunyumba
Mitundu yokongoletsera ndi mitundu ya camellias, omwe alipo masauzande ambiri padziko lapansi, ndi okongola modabwitsa. Sangathe kusokonezedwa ndi zikhalidwe zina. Ndipo pankhani ya kukongola ndi mawonekedwe a duwa, camellia imangochita nawo mpikisano wa duwa. Masamba ofiirira achikopa amtundu wobiriwira amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owongoka ndipo amamangiriridwa ndi mphukira ndi petioles lalifupi. Maluwa, kutengera mtundu wake, amatha kukhala osavuta kapena owirikiza, oyera, oyera pinki, rasipiberi wokhazikika kapenanso motley.
Nthawi zambiri mumaqoqo amnyumba mutha kupeza mitundu itatu ya mbewu iyi:
- Camellia yaku Japan kapena Camellia japonica;
- camellia kapena Camellia reticulata;
- Camellia phiri kapena Camellia sasanqua.
Anapatsa dziko mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya mitundu ndi mitundu yopitilira muyeso yomwe ogwiritsa ntchito alimi.
Kuwona chozizwitsa ichi kamodzi kokha, nkovuta kusiya mayesero. Koma kuti duwa lomwe mwapeza lisafe, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa chisamaliro chapadera cha camellia, mukakulitsa kunyumba.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti kukongola kwa nyumbayo kumatha kukhala ngati nyengo yachilengedwe, kupereka:
- kutentha kotentha chilimwe;
- kuzizira nyengo yozizira;
- chinyezi chachikulu;
- chopatsa thanzi gawo lapansi;
- Chitetezo ku zojambula zoyambirira ndi dzuwa.
Ngati mikhalidwe yonse yakwaniritsidwa, kukonza ndi kusamalira duwa kukhazikitsidwa, camellia, monga pachithunzichi, imayankha mofatsa maluwa, kuyambira miyezi iwiri mpaka inayi.
Zofunikira pakukula kwa camellia ndi chisamaliro cha kunyumba
Ngati mungafotokoze za duwa la camellia, posonyeza kuti mtengowo sukulira mpaka -5 ° C, pachimake pa + 10 C C, ulibe nthawi yopumula ndipo umakongoletsa mochititsa chidwi pafupifupi chaka chonse, mungaganize kuti palibe chikhalidwe chabwino chazosonkhanitsa kunyumba. Koma izi siziri choncho. Kuphatikizika kwa zomwe zili ndi camellia ndikuti kupanga zinthu zotere m'nyumba ndizovuta kwambiri.
Sizingatheke kusangalala ndi camellia yophuka popanda khonde lotsekeka lowoneka bwino, loggia, malo otetezedwa kapena dimba lozizira, chifukwa chomeracho chimatsegula masamba nthawi yozizira, ndipo kukula kwa greenery kumayamba ndikutuluka kwa masika.
Kusamalira camellia kunyumba? Chaka chonse, camellia imafunikira tsiku lalitali, mpaka maola 12-14, koma sichilandira bwino pakuwongolera dzuwa. Chifukwa chake, pazenera lakumwera m'chilimwe, zitsamba zimaperekedwa ndi shading. Koma kumbali yakumpoto, chomera sichikhala bwino, chifukwa chikuwonetsa mphukira zazitali, masamba opindika komanso opindika. Ndi kuchepa kwa kuwala kwachilengedwe, nthawi yophukira ikadza, camellias amakonza zowunikira.
Ngati mu kasupe ndi nthawi yotentha, ma camellias amasungidwa kutentha firiji, ndiye nthawi yophukira, zimakhala zovulaza kuti chomera chikhale m'chipinda chofunda. Amasamutsira ku loggia yowoneka bwino kapena khonde lotsekedwa, ku terata kapena kumalo ena komwe kutentha kungakhale pafupifupi 12-15 ° C.
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera ndikusamalidwa, duwa la camellia, monga chithunzichi, lidzayika masamba ambiri, ndipo maluwa adzayamba nthawi yozizira, akupitilira ngakhale kutentha kwapansi-zero mpaka -10 ° C.
Kuthirira ndi kuthira manyowa posamalira malo a camellia kunyumba
Chisamaliro cha Camellia chimapangidwa mwanjira yoti zachilengedwe zambiri zimamera m'malo okhala ndi nyengo yabwino yonyowa, zomwe zimakhudza zosowa za mbewu:
- M'nyengo yotentha, camellias amafunika kuthirira pafupipafupi. Izi ndichifukwa chakumwa zitsamba zomwe zikukula mwachangu, komanso kutuluka kwamphamvu kwa chinyontho m'nthaka.
- M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwambiri, ngakhale camellia imamasuka, imafunikira madzi ochepa. Chifukwa chake, gawo lapansi limasungunuka pokhapokha poumba dothi mumphika.
Kuchuluka kwanyontho m'nthaka ya chilimwe komanso nthawi yozizira sikuvomerezeka, chifukwa kumapangitsa kuti mabakiteriya azichulukitsa, tizirombo ta dothi komanso kuyambitsa kuzika kwa mizu.
Madziwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungunuka, kusenda kapena kuwiritsa. Mukamasamalira camellias, citric kapena acetic acid nthawi zina amawonjezeredwa kumadzi kuti ikhale ndi nthaka acidity yomwe ndi yabwino kwa mbewu. Kuchuluka kwa mchere wamchere ndi zosayera zina zimakhudza mkhalidwe wa duwa.
Kuphatikiza pa kuthirira koyenera, ndikofunikira kuti ma camellias awonetsetse kuti kumakhala mlengalenga. Zida zotenthetsera zimapangitsa masamba ndi masamba omwe adapangidwa kale kugwa, chifukwa chake:
- ngati kuli kotheka, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito humidifier;
- konzani kukongoletsa kwamalo ndi sopo yofunda, kuti musakhudze nthaka.
Ndi chiyambi cha kukula kwachangu, ndiye kuti, nthawi yamasika, amayamba kudyetsa ziweto pafupipafupi. Njirayi, monga mbali yosamalira maluwa a camellia, imachitika katatu pamwezi mpaka kumapeto kwa Julayi, kudyetsa zitsamba ndi organic ndi mchere. Kenako, theka lachiwiri la Ogasiti, feteleza amayimitsidwa, zomwe zingathandize camellias kuyamba kupanga maluwa, kenako masamba.
Nyumba Camellia kuponya zina zapanyumba
Mwachilengedwe, camellias ndi zitsamba zazikulu. Kunyumba, duwa limakulanso kwambiri, chifukwa chake limafunikira:
- kumuika nthawi zonse mumphika wokulirapo;
- kuwonjezera gawo lapansi latsopano.
Kusinthika kwa mbewu zazing'ono kumachitika chaka chilichonse, ndipo zitsanzo zachikale - osapitilira kamodzi pa zaka 2-3 pamene mizu imadzaza mpukutu wonse.
Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina yomwe imasinthidwa ku dothi latsopano kasupe, camellias amkati amasokedwa kumapeto kwa dzinja kapena nthawi yozizira. Maluwa osalala si cholepheretsa njirayi. Ma bajeti ndi ma corollas otseguka kale sadzagwa.
The vagaries a camellia sikugwirizana ndi kutentha kwa mpweya panthawi ya maluwa ndi kuchuluka kwake chinyezi, komanso mawonekedwe a gawo lapansi. Kuti achepetse chisamaliro cha maluwa a camellia, monga pachithunzichi, kunyumba kwawo amasankha dothi lowoneka bwino lomwe limapatsa mbewu njere zabwino ndipo sizilepheretsa madzi ndi mlengalenga.
Pankhaniyi, kuchuluka kwa acidity ya dothi pamtunda wa pH wa magulu a 4-5-5,5 ndikofunikira kwambiri. Ngati sizotheka kudzipangira pawokha gawo lokhala ndi masamba ofanana ndi tsamba komanso dziko lapansi, vollite, peat yamahatchi ndikungowonjezera khungwa la mitengo ndi mchenga wocheperako kuti mupereke kusakanizika kozungulira, mutha kugula dothi lopangidwa ndi azaleas.
Pansi pa mphikawo, ngalande zimapangidwa, dothi laling'ono limathiridwa pamwamba, pamwamba pomwe chitsamba chokhala ndi mizu yofalikira chimayikidwa. Gawo lathiralo limathiridwa bwino, mosavuta ndikuphwanya mozungulira azaleas.
Nthaka sayenera kuloledwa kubisa khosi la mizu. Malamulo omwewo posamalira ma camellias amatsatiridwa ngati nthaka yanthaka ikuphatikizidwa ndi acidifying cheni, utuchi kapena makungwa ophwanyika.
Kudulira ndi kutsina ma camellias posamalira maluwa
Kudulira ndi gawo lofunikira posamalira maluwa a camellia omwe akukula mchipinda. Kuphatikiza pa kuyeretsa mwaukhondo kwa ofooka, owonongeka ndi owuma, kupangika korona ndikofunikira, mwinanso chitsamba chija chimatayika, chimakula ndikukhala chosayenera kukonza m'nyumba.
Kupangidwe kwa korona wa camellia kumachitika panthawi yomwe maluwa ambiri akuchepa, ndipo mbewuyo sikapanga masamba atsopano. Kutengera mtundu wa duwa lamkati, camellias amadulidwa mpaka kutalika kwa mphukira. Malo a zigawo zazikulu amathandizidwa ndi var vars.
Olima maluwa odziwa maluwa mothandizidwa ndikudulira ndikusintha amalandila kwa mitengo ya camellias yapamwamba kapena mitengo yaying'ono yamtengo wapatali. Kudulira ndi kudina kumathandizira kuyambitsa nthambi, kuti muyembekezere kuti ikadzachoka, camelia idzaphuka bwino kwambiri ndikuchulukirachulukira.
Koma pa gawo la mapangidwe a mphukira, woperekayo amayenera kuwunika mphamvu za chomeracho ndikusintha kuchuluka kwa maluwa amtsogolo pa mphukira. Ngati pali maluwa ochulukirapo, afooketsa camellia, ndipo chitsamba sichitha kugwirabe zipilala zazikulu kwa nthawi yayitali.
