Onse obowa m'nyumba (Begonia) amabwera kwa ife kuchokera kumadera otentha ndi Asia, Africa ndi America. Zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu: zokongoletsera-deciduous, chitsamba ndi tuboni begobias. Tuberous begonias (Begonia tuberhybrida) amtundu mothandizidwa ndi tubers, monga zikuwonekera ndi dzina lawo. Pogulitsa mutha kupeza mitundu yambiri ya gululi. Maluwa awo ndi owala modabwitsa komanso owoneka bwino, mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi duwa. Maluwa aubonia opindika kwambiri siwofala kawiri, awiri pawiri komanso iwiri; mitundu yonse ya mithunzi yoyera, ya pinki, ya lalanje, yachikasu ndi yofiyira. Tigonas wodzipereka amafika kutalika kwa 35 - 50 cm, thunthu lawo ndi lanyama, masamba ndi asymmetrical. Mtundu wina wa begonia wopopera ndi chotupa chachikulu chotchedwa begg drooping begonia (Begonia tuberhybrida pendula). Ichi ndi chomera chopatsa chidwi chomwe chimawoneka wokongola mu chomera kapena mtanga wopendekera. The tuber begonia imaphatikizanso ndi begonia yoyenda m'mitundu yambiri (Begonia multiflora), yomwe imadziwika ndi maluwa ambiri ang'ono.
Tuberous begonias (Tuberous begonias)© BotBln
Tuberous begonias ndi ojambula ndipo amangolekerera kugwedezeka pang'ono. M'nyengo yozizira, amafunikira kuzizira, pafupifupi madigiri 13, kukonza, nthawi yotentha, kutentha kwakukulu kuli pafupifupi madigiri 20. Begonias imafuna chinyezi chambiri, ndikwabwino kuyiyika pa pallet yonyowa miyala kapena mumphika wachiwiri ndi peat. Pamene kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumapewetsa madzi pamasamba, yesani kunyowetsa mpweya kuzungulira chomera.
Mu sitolo mutha kugula kale maluwa ndi ma tubers. Ndikofunika kugula tubers m'chaka. Asanabzale, amafunika kuti aziviika m'madzi oyamba (mwachitsanzo, "Vitaros") ndikuwuma bwino kuti ateteze. Zitatha izi, timeruzi timabzalidwa m'mabokosi okhala ndi peat yonyowa, yomwe imakhala ndi kutentha kwa 15 - 20 madigiri, zikamera zikakhala zazitali masentimita 5, mbewuzo zimayenera kuziika m'miphika ingapo. Monga dothi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito gawo la Begonia lopangidwa kale, kapena chisakanizo cha dothi komanso masamba, humus, peat ndi mchenga mu chiyerekezo cha 2: 1: 1: 1: 1. Kwa maluwa ataliatali komanso ochulukirapo, begonias wokhala ndi michere yambiri amayenera kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza wosavuta wa maluwa. Kuthirira begonias pa maluwa akuyenera kukhala ochulukirapo, koma nthaka siyenera kuthiridwa madzi. Maluwa atatsirizika, kuthilira kumayimitsidwa, mphukira zimadulidwa, ma tubers amatengedwa pansi, kuzifutsa, kuwuma ndikusungidwa mu peat kutentha kwa madigiri 13.
Tuberous begonias (Tuberous begonias)Tuberous begonias imatha kutenga matenda a fungus. Ngati mupeza chophimba choyera pamasamba, mbewuyo imakhudzidwa ndi powdery mildew. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa masamba onse odwala ndi kuchiza begonia ndi fungicide yosadziwika. Madontho a bulauni pamasamba, pomwe pomwe pazimera imvi, amapangidwa chifukwa cha matenda omwe amabwera ndi imvi. M'pofunika kulekanitsa mbewu yodwalayo ndi yopuma, kuchotsa masamba omwe akhudzidwa ndikulowetsa chipinda chokhala ndi begonia bwino. Mphepoyi ya fungosis imafunikiranso. Mwa tizirombo, begonias amakhudzidwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi nthata zofiira. Mavuto angapo amabwera ndi zolakwika zosamalira. Malangizo owuma masamba amawonetsa chinyezi chochepa; masamba owonda komanso opanda pake - ponena za kusowa kwa kuwala; masamba owuma ndi opindika - pafupifupi kutentha kwambiri kwa mpweya; wachikasu, kufota ndi kuwola masamba - pafupifupi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka. Kugwa masamba kumayambitsidwa ndi mpweya wouma kapena kulowetsa madzi padziko lapansi. Mbewu ikafa, muziyesa mizu yake. Amatha kukhudzidwa ndi nematode, pamenepa padzakhala zotupa pamizu, kapena weevil, ndiye kuti mumapeza magawo omwe adyedwa mu tuber. Mizu yowola imawatsirira kwambiri.
Tuberous begonias (Tuberous begonias)© Rob Hille
Mavuto onse osamalidwa amakhudzidwa mokwanira ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a maluwa opopa, omwe amakongoletsa chipinda chilichonse ndikuwonjezera kuwala kwawo ndikuwonetsa.
