Pankration, kapena Star Lily, amatanthauza zokhazikika za banja la Amaryllis, lomwe kwawo ndi Mediterranean, madera a Africa, Asia. Mwachilengedwe, malo ogawikirawa amakhudza dera lalikulu la India kuchokera ku India kupita ku Canary Islands. Mitundu yamtchire yomwe imapezeka ku Antilles. Mitundu ina imapezeka kumadera a Botswana, imamera m'mphepete mwa Nyanja Yakuda ku Caucasus. Malo omwe amakhala ndi gombe la nyanja. Chifukwa chophwanya malo achilengedwe ogawikiridwa (kutsegulidwa kwa magombe okhala ndi zomangamanga zamakono, ndi zina), sikupezeka mwambiri. Amabweretsa ku buku lofiira la mbewu za Russian Federation.
Zapanja zam'madzi.
Makhalidwe azachilengedwe
M'banja la amaryllis, mtundu wina wa pankraciae umadziwika, wokhala ndi mitundu 20 yomwe ikuyimiriridwa ndi mbewu zosatha za herbaceous. Bulb yayikulu imapangidwa, yotetezedwa ndi miyeso ya bulauni kapena yakuda. Babuyo imasunga michere ndi madzi. Mizu yake imakhala yotupa ndipo imakhala ndi mizu yambiri yayitali. Khosi la babu lodutsa (chizindikiro cha generic).
Masamba obiriwira amtundu wobiriwira-wozungulira kapena lamba-wonyezimira. Amasonkhanitsidwa pamtunda, kuchokera pakati pomwe mmodzi kapena angapo muyezo wa 40-60 masentimita amakula. Kumalekezero a mitengo yopanda kanthu pali maluwa oyera oyera, amodzi kapena otengedwa mu ambulera inflorescence. Maluwa amatulutsa fungo labwino la vanila. Mawonekedwe a maluwa ndi mawonekedwe a kakombo, ali ndi perianth yosavuta yokhala ndi miyala yopapatiza, yophatikizidwa m'munsi kukhala tubules lalifupi kapena lalitali, kukulira kumtunda. Corolla yokongola yamtundu 6 (nyenyezi ya David) yaulere kapena yosanja pamunsi. Bokosi lazipatso. Mbewu zimakhala ndi ma alkaloids. Mwa mitundu 20, mitundu yodziwika bwino ndi pafupifupi 7, kuphatikizapo:
- pankration-leaved pankration (Latin Pancratium angustifolium)
- Zilonda za Illyrian (Latin Pancratium illyricum)
- Pancratium marine (Latin Pancratium maritimum)
- Pancratium yaying'ono (lat.Pancratium parvum)
- Pancratium sahara (Latin Pancratium saharae)
- Pancratium Ceylon (Latin Pancratium zeylanicum)
- pankration wokongola (Latin Hymenocallis speciosa, syn. m. Pancratium speciosum)
Kutulutsa kwa Ceylon (Latin Pancratium zeylanicum).
Kugwiritsa ntchito kosasangalatsa mu chikhalidwe chachipinda
Pazikhalidwe zapakhomo, okonda dimba nthawi zambiri amalima kapamba wa Illyrian, kapamba wam'madzi, ndi kapamba wokongola.
Madzi amtundu wa Illyrian ndi ma pankration okongola amapezeka m'zipinda zotentha dzuwa (zipinda, maofesi, nyumba zosungiramo malo, m'malo osungirako zinthu) muzotengera zazikulu kapena m'miphika. Potseguka, iwo amakula ngati pachaka, mababu amomwe amaikidwa m'miphika nthawi yachisanu ndikupita kuchipinda. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamaluwa imasiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana 1-2 pachaka.
Pankrats Illyrian
Pankration Illyrian pomasulira kuchokera ku Chitaliyana amatanthauza kakombo wa nyenyezi. Chodziwika kwambiri kuzilumba za Malta, Sardinia, Corsica. Chomera chachikulu, chofika mpaka 50-60 masentimita. Chipilalicho chimakhala mulifupi mwake masentimita 4, 8, wokutidwa ndi zigawo zingapo za mulingo wofiirira wofiirira. Khosi la babu limakulitsidwa kwambiri. Masamba ali ndi lamba-wamtambo-wobiriwira, wobiriwira kwambiri komanso wotuwa. 40-60 cm peduncle imanyamula maluwa 6-12 mu ambulera inflorescence. Mulinso mawonekedwe a maluwa omwe amatulutsa mu Meyi ndi June. Gawo lam'munsi la stamens limakula mu mawonekedwe a petal. Amakula limodzi, ndikupanga kapu yokhazikika, yomwe pansi imakula mpaka perianth. Gawo lam'mwamba laulemu limayenda mopyola ma calyx opakidwa, ndikupatsa maluwa mawonekedwe okongola. Duwa limakhala ndi fungo labwino la vanila. Chipatsocho ndi bokosi lamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kufalikira kwa mbewu ndi masamba ndi ana anyezi. Maonekedwe odzikweza kwambiri omwe safuna chisamaliro chapadera.
Kutulutsa kwa Ilkiric (Latin Pancratium illyricum).
Zabwino kwambiri
Pankratsi ali ndi chiyambi chodabwitsa kuchokera ku Antilles. Pansi pamalowo amapangidwa ndi babu wamkulu wa bulauni wokhala ndi khosi lalitali. Masamba ooneka ngati belu amakhala aafupi, ofewa komanso obiriwira. Maluwa ndi oyera ngati kakombo ngati oyera, amasiyana ndi Illyrian imodzi yopanda matalala a corolla. Pakati pa duwa pali chisoti chachifumu, chomwe chimapangidwa kuchokera kuzikulidwe zooneka ngati petal zozikika pazinyalala. Chozungulira chimakhala ndi maluwa 7-16 omwe amalowa nthawi yamaluwa kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira komanso nthawi yozizira.
Pankratsii ndiwokongola, kapena Gimenokallis ndiwokongola. (lat. Hymenocallis speciosa, syn. Pancratium speciosum).
Malinga ndi gulu lina la Pankratsii, wokongola ndi wofanana ndi Gimenokallis wokongola. Kwa alimi ambiri, amadziwika kuti Pankratsii wokongola
Zapanja zam'madzi
Nyanja kapena m'madzi amchere amadziwika pakati pa alimi a maluwa ngati "daffodil", kakombo wamchenga, Sharon's Lily. M'mphepete mwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso malo opanda gombe la Black Sea ku Caucasus ndi gombe la East East, munthu akhoza kukumana ndi micropoles kuchokera kumitundu ingapo ya ma pancratia apanyanja. Mitengoyi imaphukira mu Ogasiti-Seputembala, yomwe imayambitsa kuchuluka kwa nyengo yamvula. Maonekedwe a ziwengo zam'mera ndizofanana ndi mitundu ina. Yemweyo wamkulu babu, masamba a lenticular, okwera kwambiri. Kuchokera ku mitundu ina, duwa limasiyanitsidwa ndi kukongola kwake kwapadera kwamaluwa ataliatali a tubular omwe amatsogozedwa ndi miyala yayitali. Chubu mpaka kutalika 7 cm, kutha ndi mano 12, amapangidwa ndi mafinya amisala. Popeza mbewu zambiri zimamera pagombe, mafunde a nyanja amagwera pa duwa. Kuti muteteze madzi amchere, imakutidwa ndi dongo loonda.
Duwa lodabwitsa la kunyanja limawonetsa kukongola kwake usiku umodzi wokha. Alendo ochokera padziko lonse lapansi amabwera kudzaona maluwa a maluwa a Sharon (otchulidwa m'Baibulo). Mchihebri nthawi imeneyi imatchedwa "usiku waukwati", ndipo kakombo wamchenga wa Sharon ndi chizindikiro cha anthu achiyuda. Chosangalatsa kwambiri ndi mbewu zamadzi am'madzi. Amawoneka ngati zidutswa za malasha, zokutidwa pamwamba ndi kambewu koonda, komwe zimawalepheretsa kumira mumadzi akuya, komwe amakankhidwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho ndi mafunde olimba. Kwa mwezi wopitilira amatha kukhala m'madzi amchere popanda kutaya kumera. Mukakhala pamchenga wam'mphepete, perekani mbewu zamitundu yatsopano.
Mapaipi a nyanja (Latin Pancratium maritimum).
Kukula Ngongole Panyumba
Madzi amchikhalidwe chotseguka sizikulira, popeza zimafunikira malo omwe amakhala. Nthawi zina amalima maluwa amabzala m'minda ngati chikhalidwe cham pachaka, ndikuchiika m'malo mwake nthawi yachisanu ndikuchiyika pamalo otentha.
Kwenikweni, kuponyera m'madzi kumakhazikitsidwa m'malo otetezedwa: m'zipinda, maofesi, mosungiramo, nyumba zokukhalira. Panyengo yachilimwe, mbewu zimatha kupita kumunda, kukhonde lotseguka kapena khonde. Dzuwa silidzawalepheretsa iwo kupatula nthawi yopuma.
Pakatha nyengo yayitali, mbewu zimapeza masamba ambiri ndikuchotsa maudzu ndi masamba. Masamba amatseguka pang'ono pang'ono ndipo patapita mphindi zochepa duwa limatseguka kwathunthu. Mu inflorescence, maluwa 3-5 amatulutsa nthawi yomweyo; pachimake chilichonse chimatenga masiku 4-5. Mwambiri, kutalika kwa maluwa kumatenga nthawi ya masabata awiri kapena atatu.
Kukonzekera kwa dothi
Nthaka yodzaliramo madontho amakonzedwa kuchokera ku pepala losakanikirana, humus kapena peat, dongo louma ndi kuphatikizika kwa mchenga mu chiyerekezo cha 2: 1: 1: 0.5. Onjezani phulusa la nkhuni ndi chakudya chamfupa. Ndipo sakanizani bwino.
Kukwerekera ndi kupatsirana pankration
Pansi pa chidebe chomwe mwakonzera, ikani ngalande zabwino kuchokera kumaboti ndi timiyala tating'ono. Dzazani 2/3 yamphika wobzala ndi dothi losakanizirana ndikuyika babuyo pakati kuti 1/4 ya anyezi ikhalabe pamwamba pamtunda mutathira dothi pansi. Moponderetsetsa dothi. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kumangitsa dothi kuti lisawononge mizu. Thirani pang'ono ndi madzi kutentha kwa firiji (kupukutidwa). Mpaka mutatha kumeza zonse, mbewu zobzalidwa sizingatheke kuzilimbitsa. Zomera zobzalazo zimayikidwa pamalo otentha popanda kuwala kwadzuwa. M'masiku oyambira mutabzala, mbewu zimakutidwa ndikuwala kowala.
Pankratsii ndiwokongola, kapena Gimenokallis ndiwokongola.
Kuziika pankration pambuyo 2-3 zaka. Ndikwabwino kunyamula ndikuyamba kumayambiriro kwa Marichi kuti mbewu zizika mizu musanapume. Asanaikuliridwe, mizu ya mbewuyo imakhala yosalala, koma mosamala kwambiri, kuti singawononge, imatsukidwa gawo lakale.
Kutsirira poto
Nthawi yopumira ya pankration imatha miyezi iwiri ya chilimwe. Ndi chikasu ndi kuyanika masamba, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa ndikusiya kwathunthu. Munthawi imeneyi, kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa iwo ndi +17 - + 18 ° C. Zomera zimasunthidwa kumalo abwino. Mukatuluka m'chipinda chogona, pepala loyamba limawonekera. Kuyambira pano, kuthirira kumayambiranso ndikusintha ndikuyenda bwino (madzi poto). Dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse. Ngakhale kuyanika kamodzi kwa dothi kungakhudze maluwa.
Kudyetsa Pancake
Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika ndi feteleza wogula mu shopu yamaluwa. Mu nthawi yogwira, mbewu zimadyetsedwa pambuyo masiku 7-10. Pambuyo maluwa, amadyetsedwa zochepa ndipo samapanga feteleza panthawi yopanda.
Kuswana
Kunyumba, ndizothandiza kwambiri kufalitsa zikondwerero ndi ana anyezi, omwe adalekanitsidwa ndikudzutsa. Makanda obzalidwa pachimake m'zaka 3-4.
Pankration yaying'ono (lat. Pancratium parvum).
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga sizikhudza mbewu mosamalitsa. Kuteteza mizu ya mbeu kuti isavundikenso madzi okwanira, kamodzi pamwezi pa cholinga cha prophylactic, kuthirira kumachitika ndi njira yakuda ya pinki ya potaziyamu permanganate.
