Mitundu yosamalira zithunzi za Orchid zygopetalumZygopetalum (Zygopetalum) - chomera cha banja lokongola la Orchidaceae. Mitunduyi imayimiriridwa ndi mitundu 15 yomwe imapezeka m'malo otentha amvula m'malo otentha komanso apakati ku South America, gawo lalikulu kwambiri la maluwa okongola amtunduwu ku Brazil. Zygopetalums amadziwika ndi moyo wa epiphytic, komabe, amatha kusintha kukhala lithophytes kapena chomera chamtunda.
Mtundu wa kukula kwa orchid ndi zougopetalum zokomera (ma pseudobulbs amalumikizidwa ndi Rhizome). Zygopetalum imakula ndikuuluka pang'ono masitepe: mawonekedwe osintha osinthika pang'onopang'ono, amakwera pamwamba pamtunda pomwe akukulira, pseudobulb iliyonse imakula pang'onopang'ono pamunsi pa oyambayo.
Ma pseudobulbs ndi afupiafupi, osalala pang'ono, opaka bwino kapena osalala, mawonekedwe ake ndi osalala, obiriwira. Ali ngati chisa chopangidwa ndi petioles za masamba a masamba omwe ali pansipa, pomwe masamba awa amatha. Mapepala awa ndi osalala komanso mulifupi. Pamtunda wa psvedobulba pali masamba atatu opanda masamba: ali lanceolate kwambiri, pamwamba pake ndi achikopa, gloss, mitsempha yayitali imawoneka bwino.
Pamene zazgopetalum limamasula
Zygopetalum pachimake Mu chithunzi, mitundu ya Zygopetalum Kiwi Korker Kutie
Zygopetalum limamasula m'miyezi yozizira. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, maluwawa amasangalala kutulutsa kawiri pachaka.
Panthawi ya kuwoneka achinyamata pseudobulbs kuchokera pansi tsamba sinuses, peduncles amayamba kukula. Pakufika pseudobulb, maluwa adzatseguka kale. Kutalika kwa phesi ndi pafupifupi masentimita 60. Ma inflorescence ndi ma racemose, omasuka, ali ndi maluwa pafupifupi 12. Chomera m'Chi Greek chimatanthawuza "petali ndi petal", yomwe imayambitsidwa ndikuphatikizidwa kwa manda ndi ma petals.
Manda awiri okhala ndi mawonekedwe obovate ali pansipa, ndi ochulukirapo kuposa lachitatu lomwe lili pamwamba (lili pamakona a ulalo). Mitundu ya manda achitatu. Mlomo wokhala ndi maziko ambiri, wowoneka ngati fani, wowoneka ngati kavalo amaoneka bwino padziko lapansi. Poyerekeza ndi kumbuyo kwa corolla, milomo imasiyanitsidwa kwambiri osati ndi mawonekedwe ake, komanso mtundu wake. Nthawi zambiri, imakhala yoyera ngati chipale chofewa, chokongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yayitali kapena milozo yayitali. Mtunduwu umaphatikizapo utoto wofiirira, wa pinki, wobiriwira, burgundy-brown. Ziphuphu zimatha kukhala monophonic kapena kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mawanga.
Zygopetalum ndiwokongola, koyambirira, imatha kutchedwa kochepera kwambiri posamalira pakati pa oimira ufumu wa maluwa. Kukula kwabwinobwino, kakulidwe ndi maluwa, ndikofunikira kupereka mikhalidwe pafupi kwambiri ndi zachilengedwe.
Kubwezeretsanso kwa orchid mwa zygopetalum mkati
Momwe mungagawire chithunzi cha chitsamba cha zygopetalum
Njira yodziwika bwino (yolumikizana) yogwiritsa ntchito zygopetalum imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha palokha.
Mukakula m'nyumba, zygopetalum imafalikira, ndikugawa chitsamba. Gawoli lirilonse liyenera kukhala ndi ma pseudobulbs osachepera atatu. Chitani masamba odulidwa ndi fungicide kapena kuwaza ndi zinyalala zamakala. Pezani magawo.
Zoyenera kukula kwa ma orchids zygopetalum
Kutentha koyenera ndi mulingo woyatsa ndikofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa zygopetalum muzipinda.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Orchiduyu amafunikira boma kuti lizizizira kapena kutentha. M'chaka chonse (zygopetalum ilibe nthawi yopumula komanso kutentha kwa nyengo), sungani kutentha kwamasiku onse pakati pa 16-24 ° C. Mtengowo umatha kupirira kutentha kwakanthawi kochepa mpaka 42 ° C, koma malinga ndi mpweya wabwino kapena mpweya wambiri. Usiku, tsitsani chizindikiro cha kutentha mpaka 14 ° C, mwina kulumpha kwakanthawi kotsika ndi 3-5 ° C.
M'nyengo yotentha, sinthani orchid kukhala mzimu watsopano (kukhonde, khonde, dimba). Mumsewu, mbewuyo imapatsidwa kusinthasintha kwachilengedwe kwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Onetsetsani kuti kutentha kwa kuzizira sikuvulaza zazgopetalum.
Kuwala
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zygopetalum ikufuna muyeso wosiyana pang'ono. Njira yabwino kwa wina aliyense ndiyowunikira kowonekera bwino, kuwala kwadzuwa kotentha kumakhala kotentha kwambiri komanso kuwotcha kwa ma pepala. Malo abwino kwambiri angakhale mazenera akum'mawa kapena kumadzulo. Zosankha zina ndizotheka: mukayikidwa kumbali yakumwera, shading imafunidwa, kumpoto - zowunikira zowonjezera ndi phytolamp kapena nyali za fluorescent. Zowunikira ziyenera kukhala pafupifupi suti 5,000 (masana mu Disembala-Januware).
Mwakuwala mopambanitsa, mapesi a maluwa amakula mwachangu. Nthawi yomweyo, kupanga ma pseudobulbs achinyamata kumachepetsa, ndipo sadzakhala ndi nthawi yakucha. Zotsatira zake, apereka zophukira zosalongosoka zomwe sizipereka maluwa chaka chamawa.
Ngati kuwunikira sikokwanira, zapetalum ndiyokayikitsa. Kukula kwa ma peduncle omwe alipo kale kuyimitsidwa, masamba opangidwa ndi maluwa amafota.
Momwe mungasamalire zygopetalum orchid kunyumba
Mosiyana ndi ma orchid ambiri, kuyanika mwamphamvu kwa gawo lapansi kumakhala kovulaza ku zygopetalum (nthawi zowuma nthawi zambiri zimafunikira oimira ena a genera). Izi ndichifukwa choti mizu ya zygopetalum orchid ilibe wosanjikiza wokwanira wa velamen, womwe, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a porous, amatha kuyamwa ndikusunga chinyezi kwa nthawi yayitali. Gawo likagundika, mizu imatha kufa. Komanso, musalole kusunthika kwa chinyezi pamizu. Potere, mpweya wabwino umachepa - pakukonzekera kwachilengedwe kwa oxygen, mizu ndiyofunikira.
Onani lingaliro lotsatirali: Kwa zaka zambiri, mbewuyo imasinthasintha machitidwe a chipinda, mawonekedwe a velamen amakula. Zygopetatum yamtundu womwewo imatha kukhala ndi mizu yosiyanasiyana. Orchidali poyambirira adakulidwa mu malo ouma kwambiri, mizu ya mlengalenga imatha kukhalabe ndi chinyezi. Poterepa, kunyowa kawirikawiri kwa gawo lapansi kumawononga mbewuyo. Ngati wosanjikiza wa velamen ndi woonda mokwanira, chilala chotalika chimayambitsa kufa kwa mizu.
Sungani gawo lapansi nthawi zonse malo owuma. Madzi sayenera kutuluka kuchokera kumakungwa, ndipo gawo lapansi silikhala limodzi.
Momwe mungathiritsire zygopetalum
Ndikofunika kuthirira ndikumizidwa kwathunthu. Dzazani chidebe ndi madzi, viyikani mphika kapena chipika ndi chomeracho kwa mphindi 15-20. Zitatha izi, madziwo azithira ndikuyika mbewu pamalo ake.
Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa chinyezi chokwanira kwambiri, chifukwa m'malo okhala zachilengedwe, ngakhale m'nthawi yowuma, zizindikiro zimakhala osachepera 60%. Kuti kukula kwazinthu za orchid zikhale bwino, ndikofunikira kuti mpweya ukhale ndi 75%. Izi zitha kuchitika mwa kupopera mankhwala nthawi zonse. Ikani aquarium kapena chidebe chamadzi chamadzi pafupi ndi chomera. Maluwa omwe amakhala pamakungwa a khungwa makamaka amafunikira chinyezi chambiri. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zamagetsi zapanyumba kapena zozizitsira.
Madzi ofewa kwambiri (kusungunuka, mvula, kusefedwa kapena kuyimirira) ndi oyenera kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kuthirira. Iyenera kukhala yotentha pang'ono kuposa kutentha kwa chipinda.
Momwe mungadyetse
Zygopetalum iyenera kudyetsedwa moyenera. Ngati mchere wa potaziyamu-phosphoric ulipo mu feteleza, kuphatikiza feteleza kumapangitsa kuti mizu iwonongeke.
Monga feteleza, gwiritsani ntchito mitundu yapadera ya ma orchid, kuphatikiza apo, mlingo uyenera kukhala ½ kapena ¼ gawo la zomwe wopanga akupanga. Manyowa munthawi ya kukula kwamphamvu ndikukhala ndi nthawi 1 m'masabata atatu. Zimayambitsidwa ndi madzi othirira, pambuyo pake gawo loyambalo liyenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi ofunda, kapena kupopera foliar kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kupatsira Zygopetalum
Momwe mungasinthire chithunzi cha zygopetalum
M'malo mchipinda, zygopetalum imakhala yabwino kwambiri mu chidebe chodzaza ndi gawo loyenerera. Iyenera kuyamwa madzi bwino ndikulola mpweya kudutsamo. Nthawi zambiri, wamaluwa amakhala ndi gawo lapadera la ma orchid mu sitolo. Ngati mungakonde, konzekerani kusakaniza nokha: pini yabwino ya khungwa, sphagnum, dongo lokulitsidwa, peat. Mizu ya maluwa amenewa imatha kukula mpaka kukhala dongo lililonse, lomwe limapangitsa kuti ikasokere. Ndikwabwino kutenga mphika wa pulasitiki, uyenera kukhala ndi mabowo abwino okumbira.
Pamalo a khungwa, zygopetalum imakulidwa m'maluwa a orchidarium kapena greenhouse, chifukwa kukhalabe ndi chinyezi chokwanira chofunikira kumafunikira. Chipikacho ndi chidutswa chachikulu cha makungwa a paini. Sinthani mizu pamwamba pa bowo, pamwamba kuyala chingwe cha coconut fiber kapena sphagnum.
Thirani ngati pakufunika (pomwe mbewuyo yatakula kale, mizu yatambalala kupitilira chidebe). Chotsani orchid mosamala ku gawo lapansi, kudula zouma ndi zowola za mizu, gwiritsani ntchito malo omwe akudutsawo ndi fungicide. Dulani ma pseudobulbs onse owuma. Ngati pseudobulb inangophika ndikutaya kukopa, simukuyenera kuidula - imakhala ndi michere yofunika kuti orchid ipitirize kukula.
Kupatsira Zygopetalum pavidiyo:
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Chomera chimatha kuwonongeka ndi zowola zosiyanasiyana (kachilombo ka bakiteriya kapena matenda oyamba ndi fungus), masamba. Chomera ndizovuta kuchiza, chifukwa chake yesani kupereka chisamaliro choyenera kuti musawonekere matenda. Pothana ndi matenda, chitanipo kanthu: chotsani madera omwe akhudzidwa, gwiritsani ntchito fangayi, ngati pangafunike, ndikasendeza ndikuyika gawo lapansi (kuzungulira kwa mizu).
Tizilombo tofala kwambiri ndi mbewa za akangaude, zomwe zimawoneka ngati mpweya wuma. Tizilombo tikawoneka, ndikofunikira kusamba chomera pansi pa sopo yotentha (pafupifupi 45 ° C), ndikusamba masamba bwino. Ngati kwambiri, kuchitira mankhwala ophera tizirombo.
Zygopetalum wokhala ndi mizu yoyipa kutulutsa kanema:
Chifukwa chiyani masamba a zygopetalum amasanduka achikasu
- Masamba a Zygopetalum amatembenukira chikasu ndi chinyezi chosakwanira mlengalenga kapena dothi. Osaloleza gawo lapansi kuti liyaniriratu, phatikizani mbewuzo pafupipafupi; munthawi ya makina othandizira, ikani chomera kutali ndi mabatire.
- Matanga akuda amapezeka masamba masamba kuchokera kuthirira kwambiri. Lolani gawo loyang'ambalo liume, chotsani masamba omwe akhudzidwa, gwiritsani ntchito malo odulidwa ndi fung fung.
- Zygopetalum sikhala pachimake komanso pamakhala kutentha pang'ono.
- Maluwa ochepa ochokera pakuwala kochulukirapo.
Mitundu ya ma orchid a zygopetalum okhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina
Mtundu wa zygopetalum uli ndi mitundu pafupifupi 15. Pakhomo pakulima zina mwa izo, ma hybrids okhala ndi intaneti nawonso amatchuka kwambiri.
Zygopetalum maculatum Zygopetalum maculatum
Zygopetalum maculatum Zygopetalum maculatum chithunzi
Kutalika kwa duwa ndi masentimita 40. inflorescence imakhala ndi maluwa 8-12 ofika mainchesi 4-5. Ziphuphu ndi manda a mawonekedwe apamwamba a obovate, omwe adakulitsidwa pang'ono mpaka pamwamba. Mtundu wobiriwira umakongoletsedwa ndi mawonekedwe ambiri osabisika. Mlomo wake ndi loyera ngati chipale chofewa, pansi pamakhala mikwingwirima yofiirira.
Zygopetalum pedicellatum Zygopetalum pedicellatum
Zygopetalum pedicellatum Zygopetalum pedicellatum
Amasiyana ndi am'mbuyomu mwakuti mlomo uli ndi gawo loyera-chipale chofewa, malo owoneka ofiirira amapezeka pansi ndi m'mbali.
Zygopetalum maxillare Zygopetalum maxillare
Zygopetalum maxillar Zygopetalum maxillare chithunzi
Zovala zamtunda zimakula mpaka 35 cm. Infloresose inflorescence ili ndi ma corollas a 5-8 ndi mainchesi 6. Masamba awiri, omwe ali pansipa, ali ndi utoto wathunthu wa burgundy, utoto wobiriwira suwoneka bwino. Mtanda wachitatu kuyambira pakati mpaka pachimenechi ndipo mafelemuwo ndi otuwa, ena onse ndi obiriwira, okutidwa ndi mawanga. Mlomo uli ndi utoto wokhala ndi kusintha kosavuta: m'munsi muli utoto wofiirira, kenako kamvekedwe kake ndi kovuta, nsonga yake ndiyoyera.
Zygopetalum triste Zygopetalum triste
Zygopetalum triste Zygopetalum triste chithunzi
Peduncle masentimita makumi awiri ndi kasanu. Ma Corollas ndi awiri masentimita 5-6. Ma petals ndi manda ndi ochepa, ali ndi utoto wowoneka ngati buluu. Milomo yoyera inakongoletsedwa ndi timitsempha ta mitsempha yofiirira.
Zygopetalum pabsti Zygopetalum pabstii
Zygopetalum pabsti Zygopetalum pabstii chithunzi
Mawonedwe akulu kwambiri. Ma Peduncle ndi 0,9 m kutalika, ndipo mainchesi a ma corollas amafika masentimita 10. Mtundu wa ma petals ndi m'manda ndizofanana ndi zazgopetalums: maziko obiriwira omwe ali ndi mawanga a burgundy-brown. Mlomo wake ndi woyera ngati chipale chofewa.
Zygopetalum microphytum Zygopetalum polophytum
Chithunzi cha Zygopetalum polophytum Zygopetalum polophytum chithunzi
Mtunduwu, m'malo mwake, ndi wocheperako. Kutalika kwa duwa limasiyanasiyana masentimita 15-25, ma corollas amafikira 2.5 cm kudutsa. Mtundu wokhazikika.
Zosiyanasiyana za zygopetalum zokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina
Zygopetalum Zygopetalum Louisendorf chithunzi
Zygopetalum Louisendorf Zygopetalum Louisendorf. Chodabwitsa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi fungo labwino la inflorescence. Limamasula kwa miyezi 2-3. Mzere umodzi uli ndi pafupifupi 8 corollas. Mtundu wake ndi wobiriwira pang'ono, mawanga akulu a utoto wa burgundy amagawidwa padziko lonse lapansi.
Zygopetalum Blue Angel Zygopetalum Rhein Blue Angel chithunzi
Mngelo wa Blue Zygopetalum buluu mngelo - mitunduyo ndiyopatsa chidwi, koma ambiri amagonjetsa fungo lonunkhira la inflorescence, kufanizira tsabola wakuda. Ziphuphu zoyera ndi zoyera m'maso amtambo. Mlomo umakhala wakuda pang'ono.
Chithunzi cha Zygopetalum chomera cha Zygopetalum Alan Greatwood
Zygopetalum Alan Greatwood - miyala yamtundu wa chokoleti yomwe ili ndi malire woonda wobiriwira. Milomo ndiyoyera, koma mbali yayikulu imakhala yolumikizira mikwingwirima ya utoto wofiirira.
Chithunzi cha Zygopetalum chomera cha Zygopetalum Arthur Elle Stonehurst
Zygopetalum Arthur Elle Stonehurst - ma petals ali ndi mthunzi wa zipatso zambiri, milomo ndi burgundy.
Chithunzi cha Zygopetalum chomera cha Zygopetalum 'Merlin's Magic'
Matsenga a Zygopetalum Merlin - mawonekedwe obiriwira omwe amawoneka okongoletsedwa ndi mawanga amtundu wa bulauni. Mlomowo ndi woyera ndi mikwaso yofiirira.
