Tsoka ilo kwa okonda chilimwe, mabedi azamasamba nthawi zambiri samabweretsa chisangalalo chokha, komanso chisamaliro chowonjezera, makamaka ma biringanya - zipatso zokongola za utoto ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa zoipa kwa wina aliyense. Vuto limodzi lomwe limafala kwambiri pakakula buluu ndi masamba achikasu. Kamodzi, masamba okongola komanso obiriwira omwe amapanga mtundu wachikasu, pang'onopang'ono amayamba kuzimirira. Ngati zinthu sizinatengedwe munthawi yopulumutsa ndikuchotsa vutoli, izi zitha kuchititsa kuti chitsamba chiwonongeke ndikufa kwake, chifukwa chake, kutaya phindu.
Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo zomwe masamba amasana amasamba achikasu, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa zochitika pokhapokha atakhazikitsidwa bwino.
Chifukwa chake, masamba a zitsamba zamasamba amphamvu amatha kutembenukira chikasu chifukwa:
- kusowa kwa michere;
- matenda a fungal;
- kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo;
- kusintha kwa nyengo;
- kuthirira kosayenera.
Kuperewera kwa zakudya
Kuti zipatso zazikulu zipse kumatchire, ma biringanya amafunikira chakudya chokwanira komanso chokwanira, motero ndikofunikira kuwadyetsa nthawi ndi nthawi. PosoĊµeka m'nthaka, mizu ya chimacho imayamba "kukoka" kumtunda kwa chitsamba, komwe kumapangitsa masamba ndi utoto wake kutuluka.
Ndikusowa kwa nayitrogeni, masamba am'munsi amasandulika chikaso, ndipo kuchepa kwa potaziyamu kumawonekera mwa chikaso cha m'mphepete mwa tsamba.
Kubwezeretsa bwino zakudya, biringanya liyenera kudyetsedwa ndi zovuta (koma nthawi zonse lokhala ndi nayitrogeni), kapena kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa potashi ziyenera kuchitidwa.
Chikaso chifukwa cha kudwala
Ngati masamba apansi atuluka, pang'onopang'ono amayamba kusanduka chikaso, kuzimiririka ndikugwa, chifukwa cha ichi ndi matenda owopsa a fungus - fusarium wilt. Popanda chithandizo, mphukira zimayamba kuchepa. Choyambitsa matendawa ndi fungus yomwe ili pambewu kapena m'nthaka, ndipo nyengo yotentha imathandizira kukula kwake.
Atangoona zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa, tchire lonse lomwe lakhudzidwa kwambiri liyenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo linalo liyenera kuthandizidwa ndi Fundazole.
Popewa matendawa, musanafese, ndikofunikira kunyowetsa njere mu njira ya potaziyamu permanganate, kuti musabzale mbande pamabedi pambuyo pa zokolola, ndipo musanabzike, onjezani Trichodermin pachitsime chilichonse.
Tizilombo ta biringanya
Nyengo yotentha komanso yotentha, mbewu zimatha kugwiridwa ndi kangaude. Pakakhala tizirombo tingapo, timakhala tambiri, koma pambuyo pofalikira, madontho akuda amawoneka kumbuyo kwa masamba, kenako masamba amasanduka achikaso.
Ndikofunikira kuthana ndi tizilombo nthawi yomweyo pochotsa nkhokwe ndi Actellic kapena Confidor. Osati zoyipa kwa iwo ndi wowerengeka azitsamba, monga adyo kapena kulowetsedwa anyezi.
Zifukwa zina
Yesellessess pa biringanya masamba akhoza chifukwa:
- kusintha kwakuthwa kwa kutentha (usiku - kuzizira, tsiku - lotentha);
- nyengo yayitali ya mvula;
- kusowa kapena kuyatsa kwambiri;
- kuthirira kosayenera (ngati madontho agwa pamasamba).
Kuti abuluzi azikula bwino, kwa iwo ndikofunikira kugawa malo owala bwino komanso otetezeka pamalowo, komanso kuwasamalira moyenera.
