Serissa (kapena "mtengo wa nyenyezi chikwi") ndi mtengo wokhala ngati maluwa wotuwa wobiriwira wochokera kubanja la Marenov. Chikhalidwe chimaphatikizapo mtundu umodzi wokha wa "Japan" serissa, yemwe kwawo ndi China, Indochina, Japan. Mbali ina yamtengowo ndi fungo losasangalatsa, lomwe limamveka pomwe nthambi kapena khungwalo la thunthu liwonongeka. Kutalika kwa mbewu m'chilengedwe ndichilengedwe pafupifupi masentimita 80, mkati mwa nyumba - 20-50 masentimita.
Chitsamba chobiriwira nthawi zonse chimakhala ndi mphukira zambiri za imvi komanso korona wobiriwira, wobiriwira wachikuda wobiriwira wamasamba pafupifupi mamilimita khumi ndi asanu, maluwa amtundu umodzi wapiyano. Serissa imasiyanitsidwa ndi kuthekera kwake kwa kuphuka m'miyezi yonse khumi ndi iwiri, koma imagwira ntchito kwambiri nthawi yamasika ndi chilimwe. Mu zaka zambiri za kuswana ndi kuyesa, mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu idapangidwa, omwe amapatsidwa mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe awo. Amasiyana ndi mitundu yayikulu mumtundu, mithunzi ndi mawonekedwe a masamba ndi maluwa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamaluwa awiri ndi masamba agolide idatchuka kwambiri pakati pa alimi a maluwa.
Serissa amasamalira kunyumba
Serissa ngati bizinesi panyumba pamafunika chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro chapadera. Kulima kwathunthu kumatengera zomwe abzala, zimakhala zovuta kuti oyamba kumene apange nyengo yabwino mu nyumba.
Malo ndi kuyatsa
Kuwala kosokoneza bwino kwa maola 8-12 patsiku ndikofunikira pazotsatizana pachaka chonse. M'chilimwe, mbewuyo imayenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa ladzuwa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyika chidebe ndi serissa pazenera la kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwa nyumbayo. Popanda kuwala, mtengo sudzaphuka, masamba adzagwa. Ndiye chifukwa chake m'dzinja ndi miyezi yozizira ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito nyali za fluorescent pakuwunikira kokwanira tsiku lonse.
Chimodzi mwazovuta pakusamalira serissa ndi zovuta zomwe zimachitika pakusintha kolowera kuwala kumtengo. Ndizomveka kwambiri kuti ndikasunthira kumalo ena imatha kuyankha ndikugwetsa masamba ndi masamba osasweka. Alimi aluso amalangizidwa kuti asakonzenso mbewu kapena kusunthira mbewuyo mosafunikira.
Kutentha
Kutentha kwabwino kwa kukula kwathunthu ndi chitukuko cha serissa chimasiyana nyengo zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, kuyambira kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, thermometer iyenera kukhala yopanda madigiri 20-25 ndipo ndibwino ngati mbewuyo imasungidwa pamunda wamaluwa kapena pa khonde panthawiyi. Kusiyana kwa kutentha pang'ono sikoyopsa, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti samazizira mpaka madigiri 10 kapena kuchepera.
M'miyezi yozizira, mmera umafunikira chipinda chozizira kuti uzimva bwino.
Kuthirira
Chomera chovuta komanso boma lolakwika la ulimi wothirira litha kuthana ndi vuto. Serissa salola kuyanika kuchokera mu dothi louma komanso chinyezi chambiri m'nthaka, komanso madzi osungunuka kwambiri. Kuthirira kulikonse komwe kumachitika kumayenera kuchitika pokhapokha pamwamba pagawo la gawo lapansi (pafupifupi masentimita 3-4). Kutsirira sikofunikira nthawi zambiri, koma mochuluka.
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Mtengo wambiri wokhala ndi chinyezi ndi womwe mtengo wotsatira wamaluwa umafunikira. Mlingowu ukhoza kusungidwa mothandizidwa ndi njira ndi njira zosiyanasiyana: jenereta yanyumba yanyumba, kasupe wa chipinda, zombo zazing'onoting'ono ndi madzi komanso kupopera pafupipafupi. Izi ndizowona makamaka mu miyezi yotentha ya chilimwe.
Kudulira
Kulima mbewu mwanjira kumathandizira kupanga mawonekedwe a bonsai ndipo amaloledwa bwino ndi mndandanda.
Dothi
Alimi okhwima amalimbikitsa kusankha dothi lopepuka, lopanda michere ndi pH yosaloledwa polima serissa. Mawonekedwe abwino a dothi losakanikirana: gawo limodzi la dothi la peat ndi dongo, magawo awiri a mchenga wowuma bwino. Kuti muteteze gawo lapansi kuti lisatseke madzi komanso kusungunuka kwa madzi, pansi pa mphika wa maluwa uyenera kudzazidwa ndi dongo kapena zinthu zina zotulutsa.
Feteleza ndi feteleza
Pafupipafupi kudyetsa serissa mu nthawi kuyambira March mpaka August ndi 2 kawiri pamwezi ndi imeneyi masabata awiri. M'dzinja ndi miyezi yozizira, feteleza umayikidwa malinga ndi chiwembu chomwecho, ngati mtengowo mulibe chipinda chamdima komanso chopanda. Musaiwale za zowonjezera zowunikira panthawiyi. Ndi zabwino zozizira nyengo, feteleza safunika kuthira.
Pogwiritsa ntchito mavalidwe ovuta amamineral, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndende yotsirizidwa ndiyotsika kanayi kuposa momwe malangizo akufotokozera. Serissa amayankhanso bwino feteleza wamtundu wa senpolia.
Thirani
Wosazindikira serissa amadzaza kumuyika nthawi zambiri. Izi zimachitika pofunika, koma pafupifupi zaka 2-3 zilizonse. Nthawi yabwino yosamutsa serissa kumayambiriro kwamasika. Nthawi zambiri mtengowo umawokedwa pomwe gawo lake limakula. Ngati, pakasinthidwa ndi serissa, mizu singagwirizane ndi chidebe chatsopano cha maluwa, ndiye kuti mutha kuidulira pang'ono. Ma Connoisseurs a kalendala ya bonsai amatsimikizira kuti "tsitsi loti" silidzabweretsa zovuta pamtengowo.
Kubereka Serissa
Njira yosavuta kwambiri komanso yodziwika bwino yolerera serissa ndi ma cuttings. Kuti mupeze mizu, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzidula masamba osadula. Amadulidwa kuchokera pamwamba pa mphukira kuti pachikuto chilichonse pali malo osachepera atatu. Mizu yamaluwa imachitika mu gawo linalake lotetezeka la michere munkhokwe. Mutha kumanga wowonjezera kutentha kwam'madzi ndikuwotcha pang'ono, komwe kumapangitsa kuti mizu ipangidwe mwachangu.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta serissa ndi mbewa. Pa gawo loyambirira la mawonekedwe a tizilombo, tikulimbikitsidwa kusamba chomera ndi madzi ofunda mu mawonekedwe osamba ambiri. Kutentha kwamadzi - madigiri 40-45 kutentha. Njira yamadzi yotere imachitika mobwerezabwereza. Ngati kutsuka korona sikunabweretse kufunika, ndiye kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera - Aktara, Confidor, Actellik.
Matenda omwe angathe kutheka ndi kuwola kwa mizu ndi kutsika kwa masamba. Ziziwoneka ngati dothi lambiri. Zizindikiro za matendawa ndi masamba amdima. Kugwa kwa masamba ambiri kumachitika ndikusowa chinyontho, kusunthira mbewuyo malo ndi malo, mchipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wouma.
