Zipatso za zipatso za chimanga zimakonda kwambiri alimi. Choyamba, safunika kubzala chaka chilichonse. Kachiwiri, maluwa onse obiriwira amakongoletsa kwambiri. Zowona, kuwasamalira sikophweka ngati chomera chofesedwa ndi njere kapena njira, koma ndichabwino!
Zithunzi ndi mayina a mbewu za tuber zimabwezedwanso patsamba lino. Muyenera kuphunziranso momwe zimafunira kuti zikule komanso momwe mungazifukitsire.
Tizilombo tosiyanasiyana: Corydalis, gladiolus, crocosmia
Corydalis (CORYDALIS). Banja la Dymyankov.
Zomera zaubweya wokhazikika zomwe zimakhala zochepa kwambiri (10-30 cm) zomwe zimamera ndi timachubu tambiri m'nkhalango zotentha. Masamba amakhala obiriwira, nthawi zambiri amakhala obiriwira, amawonekera kumayambiriro kwa masika ndikufa kumapeto kwa Meyi, i.e. awa ndi ephemeroids wamba. Maluwa amatengedwa ndi burashi pamwamba pa tsinde, pachimake mu Meyi, mu June - kubala zipatso, kudzipanga podzifesa.
Mitundu ndi mitundu:
Nthawi zambiri kuposa mitundu ina imakula hory calisdalis (C. cava) ndi masamba opindika, ogawika mobwerezabwereza ndi maluwa a lilac.
Corydalis Marshall (C. marchalliana) - makamaka ndi maluwa okongola achikasu.
Hory's Corydalis (C. halleri) - Maluwa ndi ofiira apinki.
Corydalis Corydalis wamkulu (C. bracteata) - maluwa akulu achikasu achikasu.
Zinthu zikukula. Malo amdima okhala ndi dothi lotayirira.
Kubalana. Mbewu (zatsopano zofesedwa) ndi ma tubers. Tikukula kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka akuya masentimita 5-7. Kubzala kachulukidwe - 25 ma PC. pa 1 m2.
Madera abwino okhala ndi mthunzi, pakati pamiyala yokhala ndi mthunzi, m'minda yokhala ngati "dimba lachilengedwe".
Gladiolus, fennel (GLADIOLUS). Banja la iris.
Dzinali limachokera ku Latinjoyus - "lupanga" ndipo limaperekedwa ndi mawonekedwe a masamba a mbewu iyi. Mu mtundu, pali mitundu 200, yonseyo ndi ya tuber-bulbous.
Corm flated, amakhala nyengo imodzi. Yapangidwanso ndikuchotsa tubers, mababu, ana.
Nthambi zokhala ndi masamba a xiphoid, mtengo wolunjika wozungulira wokhala ndi maluwa owoneka ngati maluwa 10-30.
Mitundu masauzande a mbewu zoterezi imadziwika, koma amagawika m'magulu asanu:
- kukula kwamaluwa (chimphona - m'mimba mwake wamtali kuposa 14 cm, chachikulu-maluwa - 11-13 cm, sing'anga - 9-11 cm, yaying'ono - 6-9 masentimita, yaying'ono - osakwana 6 cm);
- mitundu ya mitundu imagawidwa m'magulu 13 (yoyera, yobiriwira, yachikasu, lalanje, nsomba ya salimoni, yofiirira, rasipiberi, pinki-lilac, yofiirira, yamatumba, yosuta, bulauni);
- mwa maluwa koyambirira (kutulutsa kuchokera kumapeto kwa Julayi), kwapakatikati (kuyambira pakati pa Ogasiti), mochedwa (kuyambira kumapeto kwa Ogasiti) kumasiyanitsidwa. Limodzi maluwa amalonda pafupifupi masiku 10.
Mwa makonzedwe a maluwa mu inflorescence, magulu otsatirawa amasiyanitsidwa: mzere umodzi, mzere wawiri, wotsatira, mbali ziwiri, spiral.
Yang'anirani zithunzi za maluwa otuwa awa: gladioli, mwa zinthu zina, amakhalanso osiyana ndi mawonekedwe a ma petals: amatha kukhala osavuta, ophatikizika, opindidwa ndi otayika.
Mitundu ndi mitundu:
Wophatikiza gladiolus (G. xhybridus), yomwe imalidwa makamaka ndi alimi a maluwa, idapangidwa chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwapadera komwe kumakhudza mitundu ya ku Africa. Mitundu ya masamba obiriwira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa amakhala ndi maluwa yaying'ono, omwe amatulutsa maluwa mwachangu.
Koma mitundu monga gladiolus wokhazikika (G. imbricatus), itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda yamaluwa ngati "dimba lachilengedwe".
Maluwa a maluwa a tuber bwino amakulira pamabedi amaluwa. Koma maphunziro apansi amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu mixborder.
Crocosmia, montbrecia (CROCOSMIA = MONTBRETIA). Banja la iris.
Awa ndi maluwa osatha obala ndi masamba opindika a xiphoid ndi maluwa ooneka ngati malalanje achikasu. Kutalika kwa 50-60 masentimita. Pakati penipeni pa Russia, mbewu zamapulogalamu zimakula kwambiri. Ali ndi ma cormon ang'onoang'ono (2 cm), omwe amapezeka pansi pamtunda, ndipo pamtunda pali mbewu zazing'ono.
Mitundu Yodziwika:
"Nyenyezi ya Kummawa" - wokhala ndi maluwa owala-lalanje.
"Tchizi Madgest" - wokhala ndi maluwa ofiira ofiira.
"CitroneLLa" - maluwa ndi chikasu cha mandimu.
Zinthu zikukula. Madera a dzuwa otetezedwa ndi mphepo ndi dothi lotayirira, lolemera, lopanda madzi ambiri. Kwa nthawi yozizira, ndizovomerezeka kuti zizikhala ndi nthambi za spruce kapena masamba ogwa a mapira, mapulo, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito chovala chofunda chomwe sichinalukidwe.
Kubalana. Mbewu, ana - kasupe. Mbande pachimake mchaka cha 3. Mlingo wa kutalika - 16 ma PC. pa 1 m2.
Maluwa a corm: crocus, colchicum, lyatris
Pansipa pali zithunzi ndi mayina a maluwa otentha a mabanja a Iris, Astro ndi Kolkhikumov.
Crocus, safironi (CROCUS). Banja la iris.
Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono (10-15 cm) tokhala ndi duwa laling'ono ndi yopyapyala, lokhala ndi masamba oyera, lotengedwa mulu. Pafupifupi mitundu 90 imadziwika yomwe imamera m'mapiri akumwera kwa Europe ndi Caucasus.
Mitundu ndi mitundu. Maluwa otumphukira (pachimake mu Epulo):
Khwangwala wam'mawa (C. vernus) Mitundu yake:
"Jeanne D" Arc, "Vanquard", woyamba Nigro et al.
Golidi idayenda (C. chrysanthus), kalasi "Saturnus".
Crocus kuwala chikaso (C. kukoma), kalasi "YeLLowest"
Crocus Tomasini (C. tomasinianus), kalasi "Kukongola kwa LiLac", etc.
Maluwa otentha (pachimake mu Seputembala):
Wokongola wokongola (C. Mwachidziwikire), K. Pallas (C. pallasii).
Phiri la Crocus (C. vallicola).
Zinthu zikukula. Madera omwe ali ndi dothi lamchenga kapena lamiyala amathanso kukhala ena wamba m'minda, koma popanda feteleza wachilengedwe.
Kubalana. Corms - ana atatha maluwa. Pukutsani zaka 4-5 zilizonse kuti musinthe. Mlingo wakamatera - 36-40 ma PC. pa 1 m2.
Gwiritsani ntchito m'malo omwera miyala, maluwa osakanikirana, minda yamiyala. Chidwi chopatsa chidwi. Mitundu ya Crocus imaphuka mwachangu (patatha masiku 5-6), kotero, kuti ikukulitse mawonekedwe, maluwa osiyanasiyana amaphatikizidwa m'gulu limodzi.
Colchicum colchicum (COLCHICUM). Banja la colchicum (lilac).
Pafupifupi mtundu 70 wamtunduwu wamtundu wamtundu wamtundu wotchedwa Mediterranean, Carpathians, ndi Caucasus. Amakhala ndi kanyumba kowoneka bwino, kasupe wamkulu, wamtali masamba obiriwira, kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe amwalira. Kumapeto kwa chilimwe, duwa lofiirira lofiirira (kutalika kwa 15 cm) lokhala ndi mafinya osungika, lodzigudubuza chubu lalitali pansi, ndikujambulira mawonekedwe.
Mitundu ndi mitundu. Pafupifupi mitundu 20 yakula pachikhalidwe, nthawi zambiri maluwa amatuluka:
Colchicum ndi yabwino kwambiri (C. Speciosum) ndi m'dzinja (C. autumnale).
Komanso kuphuka kwamasamba colchicum branochka (C. bulbocodium = Bulbocodium vernum). Mitundu yambiri ya yophukira-kufalikira kwa colchicum imadziwika.
Zinthu zikukula. Madera omwe ali ndi dzuwa ndi dothi labwino, lonyowa, lamchere.
Kubalana. Mababu - ana (mu Ogasiti), mbewu (mbande zimamera pachaka cha 5-6). Kuchulukana kwa ikamatulutsa -12 ma PC. pa 1 m2.
Monga mukuwonera pachithunzichi, mbewu zobiriwira izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabedi a maluwa osakanizika, m'mphepete mwa msewu pafupi ndi madzi. Zotheka kukakamiza.
Liatris (LIATRIS). Banja la Aster (Asteraceae).
Rhizome osatha ochokera ku malo owuma a North America. Zimayambira sizikhala nthambi, 50-80 cm kutalika, masamba.
Mitundu ndi mitundu:
Liatris spikelet (L. spicata)mitundu:
Alba "," Kobold " - dothi lonyowa.
Liatris nembanemba (L. scariosa) - dothi louma.
Liatris (L. pycnostachya) - dothi louma.
Zinthu zikukula. Dzuwa (kapena kum'mawa kwa nyumbayo) madera okhala ndi dothi lolemera, lotayirira, lonyowa.
Kubalana. Mbewu (kufesa mchaka), mbande zimamera pachaka cha 2. Gawoli la chitsamba (kasupe). Ma rhizomes otambalala amakula msanga, ndiye kuti chitsamba chimagawidwa zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zilizonse. Kukula kwa kutalika - 12 ma PC. pa 1 m2.
Zomera zam'mera zobiriwira: aronnik, zinziri, zitatu
Aronnik (ARUM). Banja la aroid.
Mpweya woyambirira weniweni wokhala ndi chifuwa chachikulu. Izi makamaka ndi mbewu za ku Mediterranean, pomwe zimakhala m'nkhalango zowuma, zowuma. Masamba amakula kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, amasesa, pakati pa Meyi maluwa ang'onoang'ono osawoneka bwino, otengedwa mu inflorescence-cob, wokutidwa ndi chotchingira chowaza. Mabawuwa ndi oyera, ndi m'mphepete mwamdima kapena ofiira. Zipatso zofiira zoyera zimakongoletsa kubzala mu Ogasiti.
Mitundu ndi mitundu:
Aronik adawona (A. maculatum) - bulangeti ndi loyera.
Aronnik East (A. orientale) - chivundikiricho ndi choyera pakayera.
Aronik anawonjezera (A. elongatum) - wokhala ndi chotchinga chofiirira chakuda.
Aronnik Korolkova (A. korolkovii) - Chovundikiracho ndi chamtali, chobiriwira pamwamba pamasamba.
Zinthu zikukula. Madera okhala ndi madzi otetezedwa bwino, osalowerera m'nthaka, opanda chinyontho, pansi pa mitengo, yomwe imakhala ndi zinyalala zamasamba nthawi yachisanu. Kutola zinyalala sikulimbikitsidwa. Zosatha sizifuna kupatsirana pafupipafupi.
Kubalana. Mbewu (kufesa kumene mwakolola zatsopano) ndi madera okhala ndi mphukira zokhala ndi mphukira zatsopano (nthawi yotentha, masamba atatha). Kugwera ndi kosaya (3-5 cm). Poyenera amakhala opanga okha. Mlingo wakamatera - 3-5 ma PC. pa 1 m2.
Stoop (ASCLEPIAS). Banja lainjiro.
Tuber tuber (A. tuberosa) - Chomera cha mitengo yopondera. Chingwe chotalika pakati (50-80 cm) cha mphukira zolimba, zosasunthika zokutidwa ndi masamba owundana. Maluwa ndi aang'ono lalanje-wachikasu mu panicle inflorescence.
Zinthu zikukula. Madera omwe ali ndi dzuwa ndi dothi komanso chinyezi wamba. Kwa nthawi yozizira, kuphimba ndi nthambi za spruce.
Kubalana. Mbewu (kufesa chisanachitike nyengo yachisanu) ndikugawa chitsamba (kasupe ndi kumapeto kwa chirimwe). Kuchulukana kwa ikatulutsa -5 ma PC. pa 1 m2.
Trillium (TRILLIUM). Banja la trialium (kakombo).
Ma corms awa amapezeka mwachilengedwe m'nkhalango za East Asia ndi North America. Zakhala zikudziwika kale mchikhalidwe, koma chifukwa cha zovuta za kubereka m'minda, ndizosowa. Komabe, zokopa komanso kutalikitsa kwa nyenyezi zodabwitsa zimapangitsa alimi a maluwa kukhala opanda khama kuti awakulitse. Zipilala zitatu zimakhala ndi mizere yolumikizana mozungulira, pomwe tsinde 20-25 masentimita amasiya masamba ake atatu masamba ndi duwa limodzi pamwamba pawo. Choyimira chimakhala ndi masamba atatu kapena atatu okha, miyala itatu, manda atatu.
Mitundu ndi mitundu. Nthawi zambiri amakulitsa:
Gleason Trillium (T. gleasonii) ndi Kamchatka (T. camtschatcense).
Kukula kwakukulu (T. grandiflorum) ndi owongoka (T. erectum).
Chipale chofewa (T. nivale) - onse ali ndi maluwa oyera.
At utatu wamatsenga (T. undulatum) - duwa loyera lokhala ndi malo apinki.
Maluwa ofiira ofiira amakhala trillium wobiriwira (T. viride)Trillium Wamng'ono (T. smallii).
Zinthu zikukula. Zipilala zachilengedwe ndi maluwa okonda mthunzi, dosho limamera kokha munthaka yachonde yopanda chinyezi komanso malo okhala nyengo yachisanu ndi zinyalala zochokera masamba a mitundu yotakata.
Kubalana. Kufalikira kwa mililatu ndizovuta, chifukwa zimakula pang'onopang'ono. Kugawidwa kwa chitsamba kumachitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Mbewu zofesedwa nyengo yachisanu isanayambe zokha mchaka cha 3, ndipo mbewu zomwe zimawoneka ngati zimaphuka mchaka cha 4-5. Kachulukidwe kotsika sikunachitike.
Tizilombo tosiyanasiyana: arisema, simplocarpus, tigridia
Arisema (ARISAEMA). Banja la aroid.
Zomera zokongola, zowoneka bwino, zomwe zimamera makamaka m'nkhalango zotentha. Koma mitundu ingapo yochokera ku nkhalango za ku Far East ndi North America imakula bwino m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia, pomwe imadzipangira yokha. Awa ndi masamba osatha okhala ndi mpanda wozungulira, pomwe tsinde limamera ndi masamba obiriwira amdima komanso inflorescence. Khutu limakutidwa ndi bulangete yokhotakhota ndi mikwapulo. Chakumapeto kwa chilimwe, mbewu zimakongoletsedwa ndi zipatso zofiira kwambiri.
Mitundu ndi mitundu:
Arisema Amur (A. amurense) ndi wamphamvu (A. robustum) yokhala ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira pansi pa masamba.
Arizema Japan (A. japonicum) - chomera chokongola kwambiri, chomwe chimakhala chamtali, chokhala ndi mawanga amdima (ngati khungu la njoka), chomera cha maluwa chimalolera inflorescence pamwamba pamasamba.
At masamba atatu arisema (A. triphyllum) chofunda chofiirira komanso choyera.
Zinthu zikukula. Madera okhala ndi nthaka yokhazikika, dothi lonyowa kwambiri pansi pa mitengo. Onetsetsani kuti mwaphimba ndi zinyalala zamasamba nthawi yachisanu.
Tikufika pokhapokha.
Kubalana. Ndi mbewu (kufesa kumene mwatsopano mu Ogasiti-Seputembala), kufesa pokha kumakonda kuonekera. Mbande zimamera pachaka cha 2-3. Imaberekanso bwino kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi machubu obiriwira okhala ndi burashi yatsopano.
Chovala chokongoletsera chabwino kwambiri chamibedi chamaluwa. Kukongoletsa bwino nyengo yonse. Ndizosangalatsa poyerekeza ndi chivundikiro chamtunda chokhazikika chokhazikika: tiaras, crypt, pafupi ndi madzi komanso mthunzi wa rockeries.
Simplocarpus (SYMPLOCARPUS). Banja la aroid.
Simplocarpus onunkhira (S. foetidus) - Malo okongola kwambiri ochokera ku nkhalango zam'madzi za Far East ndi Eastern North America. Zophatikizidwa zakale, imakula bwino pakati pa Russia (m'malo oyenera a chilengedwe) ndipo imadzipanganso kuti ikwaniritse. Mpweya wakewo ndi wokulirapo, wowonda bwino. Limamasula nthawi yomweyo chipale chofewa chikasungunuka; chivundikiro chake ndi chofiyira, chosalala, ngati mulomo; Masamba amakula maluwa atatha, ali akulu (mpaka 100 cm), mu rosette yoyambira. Chakumapeto kwa Ogasiti, zipatso zokongola zimapsa - zipatso zofiira.
Zinthu zikukula. Malo amtundu wokhala ndi dothi lonyowa.
Kubalana. Mbewu (zatsopano) mu Seputembala. Kugawika ndi kufalikira mwa anthu akuluakulu sikukulolera bwino. Kuchulukana kwa ikulowa ndi chimodzi.
Tigridia (TIGRIDIA). Banja la iris.
Tigridia peacock (T. pavonia) - mmera wazomera ku Mexico. Corm adakwera, wokutidwa ndi kanema wakuda. Masamba a xiphoid amapindidwa.
Duwa limakhala lokongola kwambiri, mpaka masentimita 12, lobooka, lili pamtunda wapamwamba (50-70 cm). Lengetsani ngati gladiolus, i.e., wobzalidwa masika (kumapeto kwa chisanu), kukumba mu kugwa, kusungidwa mumchenga wouma pamtunda wa 5-10C °.
Mitundu ilipo:
"Alba" - wokhala ndi maluwa oyera okhala ndi mawanga ofiira.
"Aurea" - Maluwa ndi achikasu achikuda okhala ndi mawanga a carmine.
"Malawi" - lalanje ndi malo achikasu.
"Lilacea" - lilac red ndi malo amdima.
"Rosalind" - pinki yofewa.
Zinthu zikukula. Ma perennially ambiriwa amakonda kukhala malo otetezedwa ndi dzuwa ndi dothi labwino, lopepuka, lotayirira.
Kubalana. Corms. Ndikotheka kukula kuchokera ku mbewu (koma osati mitundu), mbande pachimake mchaka cha 1-2. Mlingo wa kutalika - 16 ma PC. pa 1 m2.
