Ripsalidopsis (Rhipsalidopsis) si shrub yayikulu kwambiri ya epiphytic evergreen ndipo imagwirizana mwachindunji ndi banja la a Cactaceae. Mwachilengedwe, imatha kupezeka nkhalango zamvula za ku South America.
Muli ndi zigawo zokhala ndi nthiti kapena lathyathyathya, zigawo zomwe zimafikira masentimita 4 mpaka 6 mulifupi ndi masentimita atatu mulifupi, mphukira ndizopangira utoto ndi utoto wowala. Komabe, zikaonekera paziwala za dzuwa lowala, nthawi zina zimakhala ndi mtundu wofiyira. M'mphepete mwa zigawozi mumakhala timizeremizere tingapo tosalala. Komabe, pamakhala malekezero ena kumapeto kwa magawo omwe ali ofanana ndi mabulangete akuda. Pamalangizo a magawo, maluwa amapanga mawonekedwe otseguka (mainchesi mpaka 4 sentimita). Maluwa a 1-3 amachokera ku 1 ofola. Mumitundu yosiyanasiyana, maluwa amatha kupakidwa utoto mosiyanasiyana, motero awa ndi mitundu yonse yautoto kuchokera ku pinki mpaka yoyera, komanso mpaka wofiyira. Mbewuyo ikazirala, zipatso zopepuka zimatuluka.
Chomerachi chimafanana ndi Schlumberger. Koma pali zosiyana zingapo:
- mu kapangidwe ka zigawo, ripsalidopsis imakhala ndi zotchinga yosalala m'mbali, ndipo Schlumberger ali ndi zigawo zokhala ndi mano akuthwa m'mphepete;
- mu mawonekedwe a maluwa - maluwa a ripsalidopsis ali ndi corolla, ndipo ndi ma radially symmetrical, ndipo mu Schlumberger's corollas amaperekedwa;
- pachimake - pachimake pa Schlumbergera m'nyengo yozizira, ndi ripsalidopsis masika.
Ripsalidopsis Home Care
Kupepuka
Imafunikira kuunikira kwabwino, koma kuyenera kuyimitsidwa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyika pazenera la kummawa kapena kumadzulo. M'nyengo yotentha, mutha kupita nayo kunja, koma nthawi yomweyo muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mukuwombedwa ndi dzuwa.
Njira yotentha
M'nyengo yotentha, imafunikira kutentha pang'ono (kuyambira 18 mpaka 20 degrees). Mu February-Marichi, kubzala maluwa, mbewuyo imafunikira kuzizirira (pafupifupi 10-12 degrees).
Chinyezi
Imafunikira chinyezi chachikulu. Chifukwa chake, kupopera mankhwala mwadongosolo ndi madzi ofewa, omwe ayenera kukhala otentha firiji, amalimbikitsidwa ripsalidopsis. Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi, dongo losungunuka kapena dongo lotukulidwa lingathe kuyikidwa m'thumba, komabe, chisamaliro chiyenera kuchitidwa kuti zitsimikizike kuti pansi pazotengera sichikumana ndi madzi. Ndi nyengo yozizira, mbewuyo siipopera.
Momwe mungamwere
Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, muyenera kuthilira madzi ambiri. Kuthirira kumatha madziwo atapumira. Ndi nthawi yophukira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa. Ndipo nthawi yozizira, kuthirira kumayenera kukhala kochita masewera kwambiri, makamaka nthawi yachisanu yozizira.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Panthawi yogwira, kuvala pamwamba kumachitika kamodzi pakatha masabata awiri. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wama mchere osachepera nitrogen, mungathenso kutenga feteleza wopangidwira cacti.
Kusakaniza kwadothi
Dothi loyenera liyenera kukhala lopepuka, acidic pang'ono (pH 5 kapena 6), komanso mpweya wabwino kupezekanso. Kuti tikonzekere kusakaniza dothi, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza dothi, sod, deciduous ndi humus, mchenga ndi peat, otengedwa mu chiwerengero cha 1: 6: 4: 2: 2.
Zinthu Zogulitsa
Kuika kumachitika pambuyo pomwe cactus amatha. Mitundu ya achinyamata imagulitsidwa kamodzi pachaka, ndipo achikulire - kamodzi pachaka 2 kapena 3.
Njira zolerera
Mutha kufalitsa pogwiritsa ntchito Ankalumikiza, tsinde kudula, komanso mbewu.
Ndiosavuta kufalitsa ndi tsinde kudulidwa. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuzungulira kuti mugawanitse magawo awiri kapena atatu kuchokera pa mphukira ndikuwasiya ali panja kwa masiku 2-3 kuti awume. Mumphika wodzazidwa ndi gawo lonyowa, muyenera kuyikapo dzanja, koma nthawi yomweyo silifunikira kuzamitsidwa, koma kungotsamira motsutsana ndi thandizo lililonse. Mizu imawonekera mwachangu paphesi, ndipo mwina mudzabzala mu zosakaniza dothi.
N`zotheka kubzala izi pa phesi la dieka prickly, ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuchita njirayi. Ndikofunikira kudula nthambi kumtunda kwa pereskia ndi masamba onse, kuti tsinde lopanda kanthu litatsalira. Mbali yake ya kumtunda iyenera kugawidwa mosamala. Monga scion, mphukira yopanga zigawo ziwiri kapena zitatu zimatengedwa, kutha kwake ndi kukulitsidwa (mwanjira ya wedge). Kumapeto kwa mphukira kumayikidwa m'khola. Zitatha izi, muyenera kukonza katemera ndipo kwa kangaude, msana wautali kapena singano udzachita. Ndipo kenako imakutidwa, pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi kapena zomatira pa izi. Ikani mphikawo m'malo mwake ndi kutentha pang'ono ofanana ndi madigiri 18-20. Scion imakula pambuyo pa theka la mwezi ndipo izi zitayamba kukula. Zitachitika izi, bandeji imachotsedwa, ndipo nthambi zikangolowa kapena timapepala tating'onoting'ono timangodulidwa. Zomera zoterezi ndizosiyana chifukwa zimaphuka kwambiri.
Ripsalidopsis imatha kubzala mosavuta Mbeu. Kuti mupeze, mufunika ma cacti akuluakulu awiri omwe siogwirizana (mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu kapena mitundu). Mungu umatengedwa ndi burashi kuchokera kumaluwa amimidwe imodzi ndikusintha kupita ku wina. Maluwa atatha, chipatso chimawoneka ngati mabulosi ofiira. Chipatsochi chimacha nthawi yayitali ndipo chikatha kuzingidwa chikatha kudulidwa.
Mbewu zimakhalabe zotheka kwa zaka zingapo. Kufesa mbewu zopangidwa mumphika wambiri, momwe muyenera kuthira chisakanizo cha dziko lapansi, chokhala ndi magawo ofanana a dothi lamchenga ndi mchenga. Mbewu zachikale zimasokonekera mumiphika. Nthawi yomweyo, tikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mbande zingapo mumphika umodzi (kuti tipeze chitsamba chochulukirapo).
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Nyama, nyongolotsi, nthata za akangaude ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono titha kukhala moyo pachomera.
Amatha kudwala matenda oyamba ndi bacteria kapena fungal.
Poyamba, zowola zimangowoneka m'gawo limodzi laling'ono la chomera, ndi mawonekedwe oterera komanso otentha. Kenako mawanga omwewo amawonekera mbali zina za cactus.
Ma antibacterial pankhaniyi sagwira ntchito. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti gawo lomwe limayambukiridwa ndi cactus lidulidwe mosamala. Ngati zowola zawoneka pamunsi pa tsinde, ndikofunikira kupatula kenako ndikuzuza zigawo zomwe sizinatchulidwe.
Mwambiri, matenda oterewa fungal amapezeka monga: phytium, fusarium kapena phytophthora.
Matenda a Fusarium amatha kuchitika kudzera mumabowo omwe amasiyidwa ndi tizirombo, kapena kudzera mabala. Kuti muchiritse mbewu, mufunika bowa wokhala ndi zosakaniza monga benomyl ndi chlorothalonil.
Phytophthora kapena phytium cactus amatha kudwala chifukwa cha gawo loyambitsidwa, ndipo khosi la mizu limakhudzidwa nthawi zambiri. Kuzindikira kuti chomera chimapweteka ndikosavuta. Imazirala, koma dothi lonyowa. Komanso, mtundu wa kactus umatha kusintha utoto kapena imvi. Pamafunika chithandizo ndi bowa wopangidwa kuti athane ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
- Kugwa kwa maluwa kapena magawo - kusunthika kwa madzi munthaka, feteleza wambiri amamugwiritsa ntchito, mpweya wozizira kapena wowuma, kusunthira duwa pamalo ndi malo.
- Kukula pang'ono pang'onopang'ono komanso kusowa kwa maluwa - kuwala pang'ono, kukonza kosakwanira panthawi yokhala matalala, kumafunika kudyetsedwa.
- Magawo amakhala otumbululuka, tint yofiirira imatha kuwoneka, komanso malo owoneka ngati bulauni - kuyatsa kwambiri, kumayatsidwa ndi dzuwa.
- Cactus amatha, mphukira zimayamba kuzimiririka, ndipo tsinde la tsinde limasandulika lakuda - kusuntha kwamadzi munthaka (makamaka nyengo yachisanu ikasungidwa pamalo abwino.
Malangizo:
Masamba atayamba kuoneka ndipo maluwa asanathe, simuyenera kukonzanso kapena kuzunguliza mphikawo. Kupanda kutero, izi zitha kupangitsa masamba kugwa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyika chizindikiro pa chidebe kuti muwongolere kutengera kwa mbewu.
Ndemanga kanema
Mitundu yayikulu
Ripsalidopsis Gartner (Rhipsalidopsis gaertneri)
Epiphytic evergreen bushy cactus imafikira kutalika kwa masentimita 15 mpaka 20. Chomera chimatha kubowola komanso kukokoloka. Imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira amtundu wakuda wobiriwira, omwe amakhala ndi magawo atatu a kutalika kwa masentimita 4 mpaka 7, ndipo m'mimba mwake - kuchokera pa 2 mpaka 2,5 cm. M'mphepete mwa zigawikazo zimachokera ku 3 mpaka 5 protrusion ya mawonekedwe ozungulira okhala ndi pubescent areoles, komanso ndi 1st kapena 2 brinsles yachikasu. Maluwa amayamba mu Epulo kapena Meyi. Pakadali pano, maluwa ambiri amatuluka kumapeto kwautali, mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 4-8 ndikukhala ndi chubu lalifupi ndi matumba amtundu wofiirira.
Pink Ripsalidopsis (Rhipalidopsis rosea)
Ichi si chitsamba chachikulu kwambiri chamtengo nthawi zonse. Mphukira imakhala ndi timagulu ting'onoting'ono tokhala ngati nthiti Maluwa a pinki m'mimba mwake amafika masentimita 5.
