Kudzitcha kuti ndiwo zamasamba akale, ivy moyenerera ali ndi malo otsogolera mndandanda wazipatso za m'munda wamphesa. Zosunthika komanso zopumira, zomwe zimakula mwachangu komanso zosasamalira, ivy yam'munda ndiyabwino ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Mothandizidwa ndi ivy amadziveka bwino ndikukongoletsa, kupanga makhoma obiriwira, kubiriwira mkati, komanso kumenya zinthu zosanja zazing'ono. Ndipo sichomwe chomaliza pakufalikira komanso kusadziwika kwa ivy ndikutheka kwa kubereka. Chosavuta kudula ndi mizu, ivy imakupatsani mwayi kuti muthe kupeza mbande popanda ndalama zambiri komanso khama.
IVy yodziwika bwino (Hedera helix).
Ivy ndi imodzi mwazomera zomwe sizingafunike kuyambitsidwa. Chizindikiro cha genus Ivy (Hedera), chomera chodziwika bwino kwambiri ndi chotsalira ivy wamba (Hedera helix) ndi mitundu yake yambiri yokongoletsera, yodziwika ndi mawonekedwe, kukula kwake ndi utoto wa masamba. Wokwera mpweya wobiriwira nthawi zonse wosasinthika, wautali, wopanga nthambi, wosakhazikika m'mizere ndi mizu ya mlengalenga ndi chomera chomwe kukula kwake kumangolekeredwa kokha ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo. Ngati ivy itaperekedwa kwaulere, imatha kukula mpaka mamita opitilira. Koma pakupanga koyenera komanso kuperewera, iwo adzadabwa ndi kuphatikizika ndi kukula. Masamba atatu kapena asanu, omwe amakhala pamphukira mosiyanasiyana pamitengo yayitali, amagonjetsedwa ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wachikopa, mitundu yakuda, mitsempha yowala komanso maziko owoneka ndi mtima. Maluwa, kuyambira ndi ivy kokha pamsinkhu wolemekezeka, ndiwosescript, wokhala ndi maluwa ocheperako achikasu maambulera, zipatsozo ndi nandolo zakuda.
Ivy pamapangidwe opanga mawonekedwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zowonekera ndi zowonekera, makatuni obiriwira, mawonekedwe a malo, kukongoletsa zinthu zazing'ono zomanga, kupanga ma curly accents, masking, kudzaza, pepala ... Zachilengedwe zamaluso zomwe zimalola ivy kuti igonjetse miyeso yatsopano pamavuto a kapangidwe kazomera. Ivy amakwera mosavuta, akumamatirira kuthandizira kapena kufalikira pansi. Umenewo ndi chivundikiro chofanana, ndi liana, chomera chotseguka ndipo chomera chamoto, chachikulu kapena chowonjezera. "Kumvera" kodabwitsa kwa ivy ndi kusunthika kwake ndizotsatira za kupirira ndi mphamvu. Imasinthasintha bwino pazikhalidwe zilizonse komanso maziko aliwonse omwe muyenera kukhala nawo, komanso ozika mizu komanso “okhazikika”. Uku ndi kuthekera kwake ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kubereka: Mphukira zosinthika zomwe zimayambira mosavuta muzinthu ndizosavuta kuzika mizu pakubala.
Kudzipangira nokha ivy ndi ntchito yosavuta. Mukamayang'ana malo akuluakulu kapena zinthu, ndikokwanira kugula tchire limodzi kapena awiri azomera zazikulu, ndikusankha mitundu kuti mupirire, utoto, mawonekedwe okongoletsa pazomwe zimapangidwira. Kuchokera pa tchire lokwanira, mutha kukula msanga mbande za ivy. Zachidziwikire, muyenera kudikirira zaka zingapo mpaka atakwanira kukula, koma mtengo wa kutulutsa malo ndi ochepa.
Kwa minyanga, njira zamasamba zimakonda. Makamaka pakapangidwe kamasiku ano amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu zomwe sizimasunga mawonekedwe ake mutakula. Sizotheka kufalitsa njere zamitundu yosiyanasiyana kapena zoyambira za ivy. Kuphatikiza apo, mosiyana ndi kukula kuchokera ku mbewu, njira ina iliyonse yofalikira yazomera imatha kuchepetsa njira yokwaniritsira cholinga chomwe mukufuna, kukongoletsa kwambiri. Ubwino pakuthamanga ndi kuphweka ndiye mfundo zazikulu m'malo mwa kudula ndi njira zofananira zakufalitsira.
Kudula ivy.
Kwa njovu zam'munda, njira zitatu zoberekera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Kudula.
- Mizu yazitsulo.
- Kupatukana kwa tchire zakale.
Zakale, zochuluka, zisanduke zigawo zonse za ivy, gawo lomwe mphukira zake zimakhazikitsidwa ndipo zimamera, zitha kugawidwa. Sikoyenera kukumba mbewu yonse pazenera: ndikwanira kupatula gawo lina la mbewu m'mbali mwake ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito ngati mbande zodziyimira nokha.
Ndi njira iliyonse yobala, muyenera kutsatira malamulo onse:
- Wozika mizu ndi kudula, komanso kuyika ma ivy amasankha chaka chilichonse, mozama kwambiri - mphukira zamitundu iwiri.
- Mukamasankha nthambi, ndikofunikira kuziyang'anitsitsa mosamala: opindika pang'ono, mizu yolimba yokhala ndi mizu ya mlengalenga kapena primordia yawo imabala zotsatira mwachangu kuposa nthambi zazing'ono kwambiri.
- Kubwezeretsanso ivy kumachitika bwino kwambiri kumapeto kwa chirimwe kapena theka loyambirira la chilimwe.
Ivy ivy yodziyimira yokha, ikhoza kubzalidwa m'malo okhazikika kumayambiriro kwa yophukira ndi masika. Pakati pa msewu wapakati, kubzala masika ndikofunikira, chifukwa pankhaniyi pamakhala mwayi wochepetsetsa wa nyengo yozizira kwambiri, nthawi yambiri yosinthira chisanu chisanachitike.
Mizu ya ivy kudula m'madzi.
Kudula - njira yayikulu yofalitsa ivy
Nthambi za Ivy zimazika mizu mosavuta kuti mukakula m'chipinda, mizu yodulidwa nthawi zambiri imachitika m'madzi. Nthawi zambiri, njira zambiri zachikhalidwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ivy, koma ndendende chifukwa cha kuphweka kwa kuzika kwa mizu kuti kudula ndiyo njira yayikulu. Zomera zam'madzi zimamera mu masabata ochepa, mbewu zimakula mwachangu.
Kwa kudula kwa ivy, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mphukira zazing'ono pachaka. Onse odula apulo ndi tsinde angachite. Zodula za apical siziyenera kukhala zazing'ono kwambiri: nsonga za nthambi kuyambira 10 mpaka 20 cm zimadulidwa pakona (pakati pa masamba). Pa zodula, masamba awiri apansi amachotsedwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito mapesi a tsinde, mphukira yonse imasiyanitsidwa. Panjira yofalikira, nthambi zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba 8-10 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mutha kuzika mizu ya ivy kudula:
- m'madzi kapena yankho la mizu yolimbikitsira;
- mu chisakanizo cha peat ndi mchenga;
- munsi wopepuka wokhala ndi mchenga wambiri.
Nthawi yomweyo, kuzika mizu mumzala kapena m'makontena si njira yokhayo. Ivy ikhoza kufalitsidwa mu hotbed kapena mini-wowonjezera kutentha poyera.
Pogona ndi chipewa, malo obisaliramo mitengo ya njovu sikofunikira konse. Pokhapokha ngati chinyezi chadothi chimasungidwa, zodulidwazo zimatha kuzika mizu popanda zovuta zowonjezera. Kuphimba chidebe ndi kapu kapena kapu kanema kumathandizira kuzika mizu, koma osatinso. Kutentha kulikonse kumakhala koyenera kuti kudula mizu: kudula kumazika mizu mu kutentha komanso kutentha, pomwe zizindikirazo zikupitilira madigiri 15-16. Njira yodzala mizu imathandizira pang'onopang'ono ndi chithandizo ndi zopatsa mphamvu. Koma sikuti ndi njira yovomerezeka.
Ma cutic apical amabzalidwa m'nthaka, ndikukulitsa 1/3 ya kutalika mpaka koyamba ndi masamba. Pakatikati, kuzika mu gawo lapansi kumatenga sabata ziwiri mpaka 1.5 miyezi, mbewu zikazika mizu zitha kubzalidwa m'malo osakhalapo osakhula mumbale kapena mbande.
Zodulidwa tsinde zimayikidwa mozungulira pamtunda wa gawo lapansi, kukanikiza mphukira mozama pafupifupi 1.5 - 2 cm (kapena kuziyika poyambira) ndikusiya masamba pamwamba. Mutha kudula tsinde kuti mulidulidwe ndi tsamba limodzi (kutalika kwa 10 cm), koma nthawi zambiri kuwomberako kumasiyidwa kolimba. Mizu imayamba mkati mwa masabata 1 - 2, pomwepo mphukira imayamba kukula. Pambuyo pa zizindikiro za kuyambiranso kwa kukula, palibe chifukwa chothamangira kudula tsinde: mbewu zimalekanitsidwa pambuyo pa masabata awiri. Tsinde limachotsedwa mosamala ku gawo lapansi ndikudula mbali zina zodulidwazo kapena zodziyimira pawokha, ndikulekanitsa masamba osakhazikika.
Zodulidwa mizu, makamaka zitsinde, sizimasinthidwa nthawi yomweyo kupita kwina: zimatha kubzalidwe mchidebe kapena pabedi lina kuti zikule, kupangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale chinyezi. Amabzalidwa m'malo okhazikika kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, kupereka nthawi yokwanira kuzula masana isanathe komanso kuteteza ndi mulching kuchokera ku ozizira kwambiri. Koma ndikofunikira kudikirira mpaka kasupe ndikukula ivy ngati chidebe chikhalidwe kapena malo ogona m'munda, kupatsa mbewuzo nthawi yambiri yokula mizu isanayambe nyengo yachisanu yoyamba.
Kubwezeretsanso kwa ivy layering.
Mizu ya ivy magawo
Monga zokwawa zina, ivy imatha kufalitsidwa mosavuta ndikayala. Zilonda zomwe zagona panthaka zimatha kuzika mizu. Koma mutha kulimbikitsa njirayi ndikupeza mbewu zodziyimira pawokha. Njira yodzaza mizu ndiyodziwika kwambiri akagwiritsa ntchito ivy ngati chivundikiro. Koma ndi yoyenera kwa iwo omwe akufunika kuti asatenge mbewu zambiri zatsopano.
Palibe chovuta pakuzula mphukira:
- Mphukira zamphamvu, zosinthika za ivy kuchokera pansi (kuti zikule molimba) komanso mozungulira mzere (pakukula ivy yopingasa) zimayikidwa mumselewu yaying'ono. Nthawi zambiri, mphukira zazitali, zamphamvu zimasankhidwa kuti zizika mizu. Maudzu ang'onoang'ono kunsi kwa nthambi zamathandizo imathandizira kuzika mizu.
- Sprigs imakhazikika munthaka ndi bulaketi ndikuwazidwa pamwamba ndi gawo lamadzi.
- Amathilira madzi ambiri kenako ndikuthirira nthaka nthawi zonse kuti chinyontho chitha.
Mukazula mphukira, sikofunikira kuthamangira kubzala. Kumayambiriro yophukira kapena kumapeto kwa kasupe, ivy yaing'ono imasankhidwa ngati tchire labwinobwino ndipo imabzala pamalo okhazikika.
Ngati ivy ili ndi nthambi zazitali zokwanira, ndiye kuti ikhoza kukhazikika munthaka ndiku mafunde, kuzika mizere ingapo nthawi imodzi kuchokera pakubzala kamodzi.
Kubzala ivy m'malo okhazikika.
Kusamalira ana a ivy
Kuti tikwaniritse kukongoletsa kwakukulu kwa ivy kuyenera kukhala oleza mtima. Chomera ichi sichikukula mwachangu, ndipo zaka zingapo ntchito yokongoletsera yomwe idapatsidwe mpesa isanathe, muyenera kudikirira. Koma mothandizidwa ndi chisamaliro choyenera, kuonetsetsa momwe zinthu ziliri, nthawi yodikira ikhoza kufupikitsidwa.
Mikhalidwe ya ivy imayenera kusankhidwa mosamala. Olimba, osinthika bwino. Koma ngati ntchitoyi ikuwonetsetsa msanga, ndi bwino kusankha malo otetezedwa ku mphepo ndi mphepo. Yotseka, yachonde, yolimba kwambiri, yokhala ndi zinthu zachilengedwe komanso dothi lonyowa - imodzi mwazomwe zimapangitsa kuti njovu zizikula mwachangu.
Kuti ivy ifike mofulumira kukula komwe mukufuna, choyambirira, muyenera kusamalira chinyontho chadothi chokhazikika. Kutsirira pafupipafupi pachilala, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa nthawi yotentha kwambiri kumathandiza mbewu zazing'ono kuti zisavutike kwambiri chifukwa cha nyengo yotentha komanso kukula msanga komanso mizu yambiri. Nyengo, dothi limamasulidwa pang'ono, kuti lisawonongeke, koma osakhudza mizu ndi mphukira za ivy. Malo oteteza chitetezo nthawi yoyamba yozizira mwa mawonekedwe a mulch amachepetsa mavuto okhala ndi thaws komanso kutentha kwambiri. Ivy sangakane mulching wosasintha, womwe ungateteze mizu kuti isamatenthe kwambiri komanso kuti zizikhala bwino.
