Kuteteza maluwa ku tizirombo ndi matenda

Chofunika kwambiri kuteteza maluwa mbewu ku tizirombo ndi matenda ndi kutsatira kwambiri malangizo onse a mbewu. Makamaka, chisamaliro sichiyenera kunyalanyazidwa. Musanakulitse maluwa, muyenera kudzizindikira mwatsatanetsatane m'mabuku ofotokoza zamaluwa ndi zofunikira zazomera kuunika, chinyezi, nthaka, feteleza, kudziwa nthawi yobzala ndi kufesa, yomwe ikukula. Kupanga zinthu zoyenera kulimidwa kwa maluwa amateteza kuwonongeka kwawo.

Udindo wofunikira umaseweredwa ndikusankha koyenera kwa malowa kuti dzuwa litulutsidwe, chinyezi, kapangidwe ka nthaka. Pamaso pa dothi lokhala ndi acidic pomwe mahatchi amakula, kutsitsa kuyenera kuchitika, i.e, kufalitsa laimu panthaka pamlingo wa 3-4 kg pa 10 m ² ndi kutseka, kukumba dothi. Mwambowu umachitika ndimadutsa zaka 5-7 zilizonse. Ngati dothi lamasamba silimawerengeredwa, ndiye kuti matendawa amakumana nawo, omwe amayambitsa matenda monga mizu zowola, tsamba ndi tsinde, duwa, zina.

Feteleza ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka yoperewera muzakudya. Zomera zobzikika panthaka yothira feteleza zimayamba kuthana ndi matenda mosavuta ndikuwonongeka ndi tizirombo. Chifukwa chosowa nayitrogeni m'nthaka, mbewu zimamera pang'onopang'ono, zimakula bwino, masamba amatembenukira wobiriwira ndi yellowness, ndipo zoletsa zambiri zimakhudza maluwa. Kuperewera kwa phosphorous kumaonekera pakuchedwa maluwa. Maluwa amapangika ang'ono, oyipa. Ndi njala ya potaziyamu, zipatso ndi kumera, kukana kwa mbewu ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'nthawi ya kukula ndi kusungidwa kumachepetsedwa.

Asanakwere

Udindo wofunikira kuteteza maluwa ku tizirombo ndi matenda amasewera ndi mtundu wobzala zinthu. Choyamba, ayenera kukhala wathanzi. Kuti muchite izi, musanabzale, kusanja bwino ndikusambitsa ma corms ndikumawakhomera ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate (15 g pa 10 l ya madzi) motsutsana ndi nkhanambo ndikuuma zowuma kumachitika. Ma rhizomes a peonies, irises ndi zina maluwa omwe amayeretsedwa padziko lapansi ndi mizu yowola, ophera tizilombo toyambitsa kuthana ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate (30-50 g pa 10 l yamadzi), mkuwa chloroxide (40 g pa 10 L ya madzi), kufufuza zinthu (0,09 g 10 l madzi) kupha mizu zowola ma pathojeni. Ngati nthata ndi nthambi za anyezi zikupezeka pazinthu zobzala, mabulowo ayenera kuwotchera ndi 10% karbofos (75 g pa 10 l yamadzi) kwa mphindi 20-30 kapena 20% celan (20 g pa 10 l ya madzi).

Mukamatera

Chifukwa chakuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso tizirombo tiziunjikana m'nthaka, makamaka tsinde la nematode, sizikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mbewu chaka chilichonse malo amodzi. Ndikofunika kubzala mbewu zamaluwa pamalo amodzimodzi pokhapokha zaka 4-5. Kubzala kwa mbewu kuyenera kuchitidwa munthawi yake, panthawi yomwe akuwonetsa. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mtunda woyenera pakati pa mbewu, udzu munthawi yake, chifukwa malo okhuthala amawonongeka ndi ma slgs ndipo amakhudzidwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi. Pankhani yakuwonekera kwa mizu zowola chaka chatha, ndikofunikira kuthirira nthaka pakubzala mu chaka chamakono ndi mkuwa wa chloride (40 g pa 10 l yamadzi), potaziyamu permanganate (50 g pa 10 l yamadzi), ma microelements (0,09 g pa 10 l yamadzi). Pakakhala ngozi yakuwonongeka kwa bulb mbewu ndi masika kabichi akuuluka mphutsi, mbewuyo itenthedwe ndi kulowetsedwa kwa phulusa (50 g pa 10 l yamadzi). Kuti muthawitse ntchentche zachikulire, mutha kuwaza dothi ndi mabotolo osakanizidwa ndi mchenga mu chiyerekezo cha 1: 1.

Kukula kwa mbande

Munthawi imeneyi, ndikofunikira kuchotsa pamalopo ndikuwononga zomwe sizinakhazikitsidwe ndikukula mbewu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi fungus, matenda a virus, nematode komanso zowonongeka ndi flare, mphutsi za ntchentche.

Pofuna kupewa kuwonekera kwa imvi zowola kuchokera ku peonies, malo okhala amachotsedwa pa nthawi yake. Mphukira zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimadulidwa ndikuwotchedwa.

Kuphuka kwam'mawa

Zizindikiro za matendawa zikawoneka ndi mizu ya peonies, phlox, ndi mbewu zina, mbewu ndi dothi zimathirira madzi kuzungulira tchire ndi mkuwa wa chloride (40 g pa 10 L ya madzi).

Pamaso kuwoneka masamba

Mu nyengo yonyowa, vuto la kuthothoka kwa imvi, kuthirira kapena kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuyenera kuchitika pambuyo pa masiku 12 ndi chimodzi mwa zokonzekera: mkuwa wa chloroxide (40 g pa 10 l yamadzi), boric acid (2 g pa 10 l yamadzi), emulsion yamkuwa wamkuwa (25 g pa 10 malita), sodium phosphate (75 g pa 10 L ya madzi).

Kukondoweza

Pamene mawamba oyamba awoneka pamasamba (chiwonetsero cha septoria, alternariosis, etc.), phlox ndi zikhalidwe zina zamaluwa zothiridwa ndi mkuwa chloride (40 g pa 10 l yamadzi), sodium phosphate (75 g pa 10 l ya madzi).

Budding

Zowonongeka zomwe zimayambika nthawi ino ndi anyezi ntchentche ndi kuluka mothamangitsa anyezi mbewu zitha kuchepetsedwa ndikumwaza katatu (pambuyo masiku 10) a chomeracho ndi 10% malathion (75 g pa 10 l yamadzi).

Pambuyo maluwa

Ma iris rhizomes omwe ali ndi vuto la bakiteriya ndi kuwunda kwa mavu ndi nyanja ya ores kuyenera kuwululidwa, kutsukidwa kwa zowola ndikudzazidwa ndi potaziyamu ya potanganum permanganate (30-50 g pa 10 l yamadzi). Khalani madiresi apamwamba oyamba ndi potaziyamu mankhwala enaake (100 g pa 10 malita a madzi) ndi kawiri (pambuyo masiku 12-14) ndi mkuwa wa mkuwa (40 g pa 10 malita a madzi).

Zomera nyengo

M'nyengo yotentha, tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana zimawonekera mu unyinji, njira zolimbirana ziyenera kuchitidwa. Pokana ndi matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi omwe amachititsa kuti mawanga azikhala amizeremizere ndi phula, phula mkuwa wa chloride (40 g pa 10 malita a madzi), emulsion wa sopo ndi madzi (20 g pa 10 malita a madzi), ndikuchiritsa powdery mildew ndi sodium phosphate (75 g pa 10 malita a madzi). Pochotsa tizirombo tomwe timatulutsa masamba ndi maluwa, kuyamwa (nsabwe za m'masamba, kupsinjika), 10% karbofos (75 g pa 10 l ya madzi), 10% triphos (50-100 g pa 10 l yamadzi) ingagwiritsidwe ntchito; nkhupakupa - 20% celtan (20 g pa 10 malita a madzi).

Zomera zoyambitsidwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi ma virus zimachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo ndikuziwononga. Mu mvula yanyengo, amalimbana ndi aulesi. Amayala nyambo m'misasa, ndikumwaza nthaka ndi superphosphate (40-60 g pa 1 mita²).

Mapeto azomera zamera

Kuti muwononge zovuta za tizirombo ndi matenda, ndikofunikira kuchotsa zinyalala za mbewu m'derali nthawi yophukira ndikukumba dothi.

Kusunga, muli ndi zida ziyenera kutsukidwa ndi mkuwa wa sulfate (500 g pa 10 malita a madzi).

Sungani zinthu zobzala pa kutentha komanso chinyezi cholimbikitsidwa. Zomera zobzala ziyenera kuunikiridwa bwino ndikusankhidwa zathanzi zokha zisanasungidwe.