Mukamakula tomato, michere yambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mupeze zipatso zambiri. Tomato nthawi yomweyo amayamba kupereka mphukira zowonjezera zambiri. Izi zimabweretsa kukula kwa kubzala komanso kuchepa kwa zokolola. Kuwongolera kukula, gwiritsani ntchito ubweya wa phwetekere.
Kodi kutsina ndi chiyani?
Phwetekere, m'chifuwa chilichonse cha tsamba, kuyambira nthawi yoyamba, mphukira imatha kukula. Ndi gawo limodzi la tsinde ndipo silimasiyana mu kukula. Masamba ali pamenepo, maburashi okhala ndi zipatso amaikidwa. Izi mphukira mu gawo loyamba la kukula amatchedwa ana opeza. Mukazisiya, ndiye kuti phwetekere imayamba kukhala nthambi ndikufota. Ma mawonekedwe a ovaries pamanja a stepons ndikuwonjezereka kumachitika ndi zipatso. Izi zimadzetsa pakusankha zipatso zonse. Mmodzi mwa stepons amatha kukula kwambiri, amayamba kutsogoleredwa ndi ena ndikukhala nsonga yayikulu.
Kufanana mulingo wa zobiriwira misa ndi kuchuluka kwa zipatso, Sinthani katundu, ntchito phwetekere kutsina mu wowonjezera kutentha. Uku ndikuchotsa mphukira zosafunikira mu nkhwangwa za tsamba lisanayambike kukula kwake kwamphamvu.
Ndikofunika kuzichotsa asanakule mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 5. Kufikira kukula kotero, mwana wopeza amangokoka michere pang'ono ndikuchotsa sichikuvulaza phwetekere. Mukazichotsa pambuyo pake, phwetekere imavulala ndipo zimataya phindu.
Kodi phwetekere libzalidwe liti?
Mapeto oyamba amatha kuwoneka kale pambewu. Chifukwa chake, akafika, amachotsa mphukira zonse zosafunikira, zomwe zimakhala zazitali masentimita 1. Ili ndi ntchito yovuta, koma ikupulumutsani ku mtolo wowonjezera wa ntchito yokonza mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Mutabzala m'nthaka pamalo okhazikika, phwetekere imayamba kupangika kwambiri. Ndikofunikira nthawi, osachepera, atatha masiku 6-7 kudutsa mizere ndikuchotsa mphukira zosafunikira asanayambe kukula.
Chotsani ana opeza amayenera kuchita pafupipafupi. Kubzala phwetekere ndi gawo lofunikira pantchito yosamalira popanga phwetekere. Mu greenh m'nyumba, izi zimachitika ngakhale atayamba kukolola.
Kodi kutsina tomato?
Kapangidwe ka stepons mu mitundu yodziwika bwino komanso yamkati ya phwetekere ndizosiyana. Ganizirani mwatsatanetsatane malamulo obzala tomato, kutengera mtundu wa chitsamba.
Kukhazikika phwetekere ndi chitsamba chosakhazikika
Mitundu ya Indeterminate imadziwika ndi kukula kwakukulu komanso zazikulu zonse. Ngati simutsina mbewu zotere, ndiye kuti zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti muzimva kutentha, ndipo simungapeze mbewu yabwino.
Kodi kutsina tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi mtundu wamtchire? Kutengera ndi mitundu yawo, amapanga, kusiya imodzi, iwiri, komanso mphukira zitatu zazikulu.
Mukapanga, kuphatikiza tsinde limodzi lokha, masamba onse m'matanthwe a masamba amachotsedwa, ndikungosiya mphukira yayikulu ndi maburashi obala zipatso. M'masamba obiriwira, phwetekere imatsitsidwa pang'onopang'ono ndipo tsinde limayikidwa panthaka, ndipo miyendo yonse yopangidwa imapitilizidwa.
Kupanga pawiri kapena zingapo zimayambira, motero, mphukira zowonjezera zimatsala kuti zikule. Amasandulika kukhala mphukira zobala zipatso ndikupanga zina zowonjezereka. Mphukira zotsalazo zimachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono, kuwaletsa kukula.
Kuchepetsa phwetekere ndi chitsamba chodziwitsa
Mitundu yokhala ndi chitsamba cholimba ndiyovuta kuthina kuposa kukhala mkati. Nthawi zonse pamakhala mwayi wochotsa mphukira yomwe mukufuna, yomwe ipitirize kukula kwa mbewu yonse.
Kuwombera kwakukulu kwa phwetekere wotsimikiza kumamalizidwa nthawi zonse, i.e. amaliza kukula, ndikupanga burashi kumapeto. Ngati mitengo yonse yotsika itachotsedwa, ndiye kuti mbewuyo ilibe msambo. Sichikuphulikanso ndi zipatso zatsopano komanso masamba. Kututa kwa phwetekere ngati imeneyi kumangokhala ndi zipatso zomwe zimapangidwa kale.
Pofuna kuti musachotsere ana opeza kutsatira malamulo awa:
- amachotsedwa kale kuposa kukula ndi 4-5 cm;
- isanayambe kuchotsedwa, mwana wopeza watsimikiza, yemwe adzakhale mphukira wokula wamkulu;
- ukakhala wokayika za kuchotsa mphukira, imasiyidwa kuti ikule, itha kudina, kumalizira kukula.
Pasynkovanie phwetekere pazithunzi zimawonetsa bwino malo ochotsera mphukira zochulukirapo ndikupanga chitsamba.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi ma hybrids okhala ndi mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri wamitengo yamtchire ali ndi zikhalidwe zawo pang'onopang'ono. Pakadali pano, mitundu ya phwetekere yopanda stepson idadulidwa. Mukachotsa mphukira zowonjezerazo kubulashi yoyamba, ndiye kuti atha, makamaka, osati wopeza. Tomato wotere ndi monga, Alaska, White kudzaza 241, Verhok, Bonnie M, Gavrosh, Ground bowa 1180, Moskvich, Rocket, Siberian preocious, Yamal.
Mitundu yambiri yodziwika bwino yomwe imamera m'munda musamapange ana opeza, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kuti zokolola zichepe. Pasynkovka phwetekere ndizofunikira kwambiri muzowonjezera kutentha, chifukwa amayesa kupeza zokolola zazitali, popeza adasinthiratu mtengo wogulira zomangamanga.
Kodi opaleshoni imagwira ntchito bwanji?
Njira yodziwika yochotsera mphukira ndikuphwanya manja awo.
Ndikofunika kuchita izi ndi magolovesi a mphira. Amachita opareshoni theka loyamba la tsiku, pomwe zimayambira zimakhala zowutsa mudyo, mphukira zimasweka mosavuta.
Mwana wopondayo ndi womata ndi chala chachikulu ndi chakutsogolo, kenako chimagwedezeka mbali zina mpaka chimasiyana ndi chomera. Chilonda chaching'ono chikuwoneka pamalo ophulika. Kufikira kumapeto kwa tsiku, malo owonongeka awuma ndipo kachilombo koyambitsa matenda sikangalowe.
Stepsons amathanso kudulidwa ndi mpeni kapena lumo. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito chida chodulira, malamulo awa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito:
- masamba ayenera kukulidwa kuti awete lakuthwa kuti kuwonongeka pakudula kuchepetse;
- mayendedwe akuyenera kukhala achangu komanso olondola kuti asawononge zimayambira kapena ziwalo zina zofunika;
- pambuyo pa ntchito pa chomera chimodzi, musananyamuke kupita kwina, ndikofunikira kuti muviike chida mu njira yotsatsira mankhwala, mwachitsanzo, 1% bleach kapena 1% potaziyamu;
- siyani chidutswa cha mphukira pafupifupi 1.5 cm kuti tilepheretse mphukira zatsopano zosafunikira m'malo ano;
- ziwalo zodulidwazo zimayikidwa mum'chombo ndikuchotsera wowonjezera kutentha kuti zisawonongeke ngati matenda opatsirana kuchokera kuzomera zotsalira.
Nthawi zina pambuyo poyenda kutsina, patapita kanthawi m'malo omwe mphukowo idachotsedwa, yatsopano imayamba kukula. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku impso yogona, yomwe inali pachifuwa cha tsamba. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuchotsera stepons mobwerezabwereza.
Nthawi zina mphukira watsopano umayamba kukula m'munsi mwa phwetekere pambuyo potalika, pomwe mabulashi angapo amapanga kale. Kuthawa kumapangidwanso kuchokera kwa impso kugona, koma asanakhale kuti wopeza sanachitike pamalopo. Ichi ndi chosinthika kapena phwetekere imalandiranso zakudya zochuluka, kotero mawonekedwe a zimayambira zowonjezereka amakhala olimbikitsidwa. Pofuna kuti mbewuyo isachulukane kwambiri komanso kuti isakuchulukitse kubzala, mitengo imeneyi iyeneranso kuchotsedwa munthawi yake.
