Zitsamba ndi mitengo, ndikupanga mitundu yambiri ya ma rhododendrons, zimakopa wamaluwa ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana kukula, mitundu ndi mawonekedwe. Koma ngati nzika yozizira imakonda rhododendron, kuyika ndi kusamalira poyera kudzamupangitsa kudzipereka kwathunthu ku bizinesi iyi. Chosamalira chokhacho komanso tcheru ndi chidwi chomwe chomera chimayankha ndi kukula ndi maluwa okongola.
Mwachilengedwe, ma rhododendrons amapezeka m'malo ambiri padziko lapansi. Russia ndiwonso. Kumpoto Kakutali, Caucasus ndi Siberia ndi kwawo kwa mitundu ingapo ya zinyama zomwe zimasinthidwa mikhalidwe yofananako. Okhazikika kwambiri kwa dzinja kwa iwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukula polododendron m'malo otseguka ku Urals ndi kumadera ena okhala ndi nyengo yovuta kwambiri.
Nthawi ndi malo obzala rhododendron mu nthaka
Pamaziko a mitundu yokongola kwambiri yazomera kuthengo, obereketsa apanga mitundu yambiri yazomera. Zomera zotere, nthawi ya maluwa, zimakhala zowongoka ndi zoyera, zapinki, zofiirira, nthawi zina zonunkhira bwino. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma Rhododendrons nthawi zambiri imabzalidwe m'minda, koma singakhale osagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu mokwanira.
Kuti mubzale Rhododendron mumsewu wapakati ndikuwasamalira panthaka, kuti mukhale wopambana, muyenera kusankha osati zogwira bwino komanso zomera zolimba.
Pali nthawi ziwiri zabwino za kubzala chitsamba mu nthaka:
- masika, kuyambira Epulo mpaka pakati pa Meyi;
- Yophuka, kuyambira Seputembala mpaka Okutobala.
Nthawi yosankhidwa imasankha nyengo ndi nyengo. Kum'mwera kwenikweni, koyambirira dothi limawotha pambuyo pa dzinja, ndipo nthawi yozizira imadza. M'madera akumpoto:
- mutadzala mbewu m'mawa, imayamba kuzizira;
- ngati mutachedwa mu kugwa, mmera sudzakhala ndi nthawi yowonjezerera ndipo sangathe kupulumuka nyengo yozizira.
Ku Urals, ku Siberia, Kumpoto-West, mbande zomwe zidalowa m'munda mchaka ndikulandiridwa kwambiri mu chilimwe ndizabwino kuzika mizu. Kummwera, zitsamba zimabzalidwa nthawi ya chilimwe, koma pokhapokha ngati mulibe maluwa.
Zomera zamtunduwu zimakhala ndi mizu yopanda tanthauzo. Kumbali ina, izi zimawathandizira kuyenda pang'onopang'ono pamtunda, koma inayo, imasokoneza chisamaliro cha Rhododendron mutabzala panja ndikuwonjezera zovuta za mitundu ina yomwe ikukula m'deralo. Kuchepetsa kukula kwa mizu, dera lomwe limapangidwira rhododendron limatetezedwa pokumba mu slate, padenga, ndi zinthu zokuta zothina madzi.
Momwe mungabzalire rhododendron pansipa
Pansi pa rhododendron, bowo limakumbidwa ndikuzama mainchesi 40 ndipo m'lifupi mwake masentimita 60. Pansi, ngati kuli koyenera, amaphimbidwa ndi dongo, ndipo kontena kuchokera ku osakaniza amathira pamwamba:
- Magawo atatu a acid peat;
- Gawo limodzi lokhala pansi pa zokolola zambiri;
- Magawo awiri a nthaka yamaluwa;
- Gawo limodzi linatsuka mchenga wowuma.
Musaiwale kuti kuwonjezera pa gawo lapansi lokhala ndi acidity yayikulu, mbewuyo imafunikira mchere. Amawonjezeredwa ngati feteleza wovuta.
Ngati shrub ya Rhododendron asanadzalemo mu nthaka inali yopanda madzi, mizu imamizidwa m'madzi kwa maola angapo. Imalimbikitsa chomera, ndipo chimafulumira kumalo atsopano.
Mmera umayikidwa pamwamba pa mtunda wopangidwa ndi anthu kotero kuti khosi la mizu mukabwezera m'mbuyo silotsika poyerekeza ndi gawo la nthaka. Mizu yake sinakhazikitsidwe bwino ndipo imayala dothi lonyowa. Dzenje likadzaza, dothi limapangidwanso ndikuthiridwanso kuti inyowetse nthaka osachepera 20 cm.
Mutabzala, thunthu lozungulira limakutidwa ndi mulch kutengera peat, singano za paini, moss wosweka, makungwa a paini kapena masamba a thundu. M'chaka choyamba, simuyenera kulola chitsamba kuti pachimake. Kuti izi zitheke, mbewuyo imafunikira mphamvu zambiri zofunika kuzika mizu. Chifukwa chake, masamba onse omwe amawoneka akudulidwa mosamala, ndipo chisamaliro cha Rhododendron kutchire mutabzala mu kasupe chimayamba ndikuyika chithandizo, chomwe chimapulumutsa korona wopanda mphamvu ku mphepo komanso zinthu zina zomwe zingayike pangozi.
Chisamaliro chakunja mutabzala Rhododendron
Kusamalira rhododendron m'munda sikusiyana kwambiri ndi kusamalira zitsamba zina zokongoletsa. Chomera chimafuna:
- chinyezi:
- okhazikika, koma aukhondo kwambiri, kuti asawononge mizu, kuchotsa udzu;
- kumasula kofatsa komweko kwa bwalo loyandikira;
- feteleza wa nthaka;
- thandizani kuthana ndi tizilombo.
Pa kapangidwe ka masamba ndi maluwa, ndikofunikira kuti ma rhododendrons azilandira chinyezi chokwanira nthawi zonse. Ngati mbewuyo ili pachilala, sikuti imangotulutsa zoipa kwambiri chaka chino, koma siyokonzekera msimu wotsatira. The acidity yokwanira nthaka yodzala Rhododendron potseguka m'malo ozungulira kapena madera ena ndi magawo 4.5-5. Ndikofunikira kuwonjezera singano zowola kuchokera ku zinyalala zamtchire kapena peat yosasankhidwa kumadzi othirira pachikhalidwe chokongoletsera ichi.
Mutha kudziwa nthawi yomwe Rhododendron ayenera kuthirira, kulabadira masamba. Ngati ataya mawu komanso gloss, musazengereze! Kuthirira kwambiri ndi kuthilira korona kudzabwezeretsa mbewu kuukongola wake wakale.
Rhododendrons manyowa kuyambira kumayambiriro kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa maluwa mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe. M'pofunikanso kudyetsa tchire musanafike maluwa, ndi feteleza ayenera kuthira dothi lonyowa mutathilira.
Monga mavalidwe apamwamba, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zimachitika ndi asidi, komanso zolengedwa, kuphatikizapo:
- ndowe;
- kompositi ndi kuphatikizira zinyalala zowola;
- chakudya chamfupa.
Rhododendrons pafupifupi safuna kupanga kudulira, ukhondo wodula wakale, wokhudzidwa ndi chisanu kapena mphukira zouma umachitika kumayambiriro kwamasana, musanayambike timadziti.
M'chilimwe, pakakhala maluwa, ndikofunikira kuchotsa inflorescence kuti chisungidwe cha maluwa pachaka chotsatira.
Mukabzala ndikusamalira rhododendron poyera, munthu ayenera kukumbukira kuti chikhalidwecho ndi chozizira ndipo nthawi yozizira, popanda pogona, chimavutika kwambiri. Chitetezo ku chisanu chimakonzedwa pasadakhale. Pofika mu Okutobala kumpoto ndipo pofika Novembala pakatikati patali, mizu imakonkhedwa ndi peat, kenako, asanakhumudwe, korona amamangidwa ndikutchinga lapnik ndi burlap. Ndikothekera kuchotsa pogona pokhapokha koyambirira kwam'mawa, ndikwabwino patsiku lamitambo kuti mupewe kuwotchedwa ndi dzuwa komanso kuwononga makungwa.
