Honeysuckle (Lonicera) ndi mtundu wamtundu wa banja Honeysuckle. Zimagwirizanitsa mitundu pafupifupi 200, yomwe imayimilidwa ndi zokwawa, kukwera, ndikukhazikitsa zitsamba. Zomera zoterezi zidalandira dzina lachi Latin kulemekeza wasayansi waku Germany a Adamu Lonitzer, pomwe K. Linnaeus adazitcha "honeysuckle", zaka zomwe honeysuckle honeysuckle (onunkhira) nthawi zambiri zimalimidwa m'minda ku Europe. M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, honeysuckle imatha kupezeka kumpoto kwa Hemisphere, koma mitundu yambiri imapezeka ku Himalaya ndi East Asia. Masiku ano, munda wamaluwa nthawi zambiri umalimidwa m'minda, yomwe imatha kukhala ngati chomera chokongoletsera ndikupanga zipatso zokoma komanso zopatsa thanzi, komanso curly honeysuckle, monga lamulo, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poima dimba.
Mawonekedwe a Honeysuckle
Wamaluwa limodzi ndi mbewu zina zotchuka m'munda, monga rasipiberi, currants, jamu, akhala akukula kwa nthawi yayitali. Zodziwika kwambiri ndi mitundu iwiri ya munda wam'munda, monga: buluu (buluu) honeysuckle ndi honeysuckle, komanso mitundu yambiri yomwe idalandidwa chifukwa cha mitundu iwiriyi.
Edible honeysuckle (lat. Lonicera edulis) ndi mtengo wowongoka wowongoka, wosapitilira masentimita 100 kutalika kwake. Pamaso pamtondo wawung'ono pamtunda pali pubescent, m'malo ena amakhala ndi utoto wofiirira. Makulidwe achikale opanda kanthu amatha kufikira 30 mm, adakutidwa ndi khungidwe la chikasu chakuda, kutulutsa timiyendo tating'ono. Maonekedwe a korona wokongola ndiwowoneka bwino. Masamba obisika lanceolate masamba amafika pafupifupi masentimita 7 m'litali, ali ndi zozungulira. Pamaso pa masamba achichepere ndi zimayambira pali kupindika kokhazikika. Masamba akale samabereka kwathunthu kapena pang'ono pang'ono. Mu tsamba sinuses ndi maluwa otumbululuka achikasu achikasu omwe amaikidwa awiriawiri. Maluwa amayamba mu Meyi kapena masiku oyamba a Juni. Kutalika kwa zipatso za buluu zakuda ndi 0.9-1.2 cm, ndipo pali zokutira pamtunda. Mumitundu yosiyanasiyana, mawonekedwe chipatso amatha kukhala amphalaphala, ozungulira kapena cylindrical. Mtundu wa zamkati mwa zipatso ndi wofiirira-wofiira. Mbeu zazing'ono zakuda zimafikira masentimita 0,2.
Blue honeysuckle, kapena buluu honeysuckle (lat. Lonicera caerulea) ndi mbewu yopanda zipatso. kutalika kwake komwe kumasiyana masentimita 200 mpaka 250. Korona ndi wopindika, zimayambira zopindika pang'ono. Makungwa a bulauni amakhala ndi ofiira kapena imvi, amatuluka kuchokera pamtengo ndi mikwingwirima. Mitundu yotsutsana ndi masamba osalongosoka imakwana 60 mm kutalika ndi 30 mm mulifupi. Ma inflorescence amapezeka m'maganizo a masamba ochepa am'munsi, ali ndi maluwa achikasu achikasu. Chipatsochi ndi maluwa onunkhira owoneka bwino bwino komanso mtundu wabuluu wakuda, pamwamba pake pali chikwangwani cha imvi. Kukoma kwa chipatso ndikokoma, kuwawa pang'ono, kukumbutsa pang'ono za mtundu wa blueberries. Chomera ichi chikukula mwachangu, chimatha kukhala ndi moyo ndikubereka zipatso zaka 80. Zosiyanasiyana za honeysuckle zotere ndizopanda chonde. Pankhaniyi, kuti mupange mbewu mumunda umodzi, muyenera kubzala tchire zingapo za mitundu iyi. Zikatero, tizilombo toyambitsa mungu titha kupukusa tulo. Pali madera momwe honeysuckle amadziwika kuti ndi chomera chofunikira kwambiri cha uchi.
Kunja kwa honeysuckle kubzala
Nthawi yobzala
Kukula kwa honeysuckle kumatha kuchita kumapeto kwa chilimwe, nthawi yotentha komanso kugwa. Komabe, izi sizikulimbikitsidwa mu Meyi ndi June, chifukwa m'miyezi iyi mbewu yotere imakula kwambiri. Ngati kubzala kwa masika kukonzekera, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti njirayi iyenera kumalizidwa masamba asanatseguke, kwinaku mukukumbukira kuti honeysuckle imasiyanitsidwa ndi kudzutsidwa koyambirira. Odziwa odziwa zamaluwa amalimbikitsa kubzala mbewuyo mu kugwa, kapena, kuyambira masiku omaliza a September mpaka theka lachiwiri la Okutobala.
Gawo loyamba ndikupeza malo oyenera kubzala mbewu zotere ndikuonetsetsa kuti dothi likukwaniritsa zofunikira zikhalidwezi. Kenako muyenera kukonzekera maenje ndi kubzala zinthu. Malo oyenera kubzala honeysuckle ikhoza kukhala dambo louma komanso lotetezedwa ndi mphepo. Tsambali limatha kupezeka pafupi ndi mpanda kapena pafupi ndi zitsamba zina. Nthaka yabwino ndi yabwino kubzala, iyenera kukhala yamchenga kapena loamy. Ngati dothi losauka, ndiye kuti izi zitha kuthandizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe. Ngati dothi lili ndi asidi wambiri, ndiye kuti choko kapena ufa wa dolomite uyenera kuwonjezedwamo.
Nthawi yomweyo musanabzale panthaka, yang'anirani bwino zinthuzo. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kudula zitsamba zonse ndi mizu yomwe yawonongeka. Mizu yotalikirapo kwambiri imafupikitsidwira mpaka 0,3 m.
Momwe mungabzalire honeysuckle
Pakubzala mtundu uliwonse wa honeysuckle, ndikofunikira kukonzekera maenje pogwiritsa ntchito chimanga cha 0.4x0.4x0.4 m. Kutengera mtundu ndi mitundu ya mbewuyo, mtunda wa masentimita 100-200 uyenera kuyang'anidwa pakati pa maenje. Mukakumba dzenje, dothi lapamwamba lazakudya liyenera kuponyedwa mbali, limasakanikirana ndi ma kilogalamu 10-12 a manyowa ozungulira kapena humus, ndi makilogalamu 0,3 a phulusa lamatabwa, magalamu 100 a superphosphate iwiri ndi magalamu 30 a potaziyamu. Dothi losakanikirana liyenera kuthiridwa mu dzenje lokonzekera kuti mululu upangidwe, ndiye kuti mmera udayenera kuyikiridwa. Mizu ikatha kuwongoledwa mosamala, dzenjelo liyenera kudzazidwa ndi dothi lotayirira. Ntchitoyo ikadzala, khosi la chomera liyenera kukhala m'nthaka mozama 30 mpaka 50 mm. Dothi lomwe lili pafupi ndi chitsamba limakungidwa ndipo mbali ina imapangidwa mozungulira mozungulira, pomwe 0,3 m liyenera kuchotsedwa pamalowo. 10 l lamadzi liyenera kuthiridwa pansi pa chitsamba. Madziwo akakwiriridwa m'nthaka, nthaka yake imafunika kuphimbidwa ndi mulch (peat, humus kapena nthaka youma).
Chisamaliro cha Honeysuckle
Palibe chovuta kubzala ndi kukula honeysuckle. Kusamalira mbewu yotere iyenera kukhala yofanana ndi mbewu zina zonse zam'munda, monga, iyenera kuthiriridwa, kudyetsedwa, kudyetsedwa, kudulidwamo, kumasulidwa munthaka m'nthawi yake, komanso kuwazidwa ku matenda ndi tizirombo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti bwino chitsamba chikalandira chisamaliro, chimabala zipatso zambiri, ndipo chomera chokha chidzakhala chowoneka bwino. Mbewu itabzidwa panthaka yoyambirira, zaka zitatu zoyambirira zimangofunika kukwera m'mwamba, ndikuzipatsanso kuthilira, kumasula ndi kumasula dothi lapansi. Ngati dothi pafupi ndi tchire lakutidwa ndi mulch, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa njirazi kudzachepetsedwa kwambiri. Tchire tating'ono sitifunikira kudulira. Honeysuckle iyenera kupereka kuthirira kozama. Komabe, munyengo yamvula, makamaka masabata omaliza a kasupe ndi woyamba - chilimwe, mbewuyo imafunika kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri, chifukwa ngati ikusowa madzi, zipatso zake zimatha kuchepa, chifukwa zimakhala ndi kuwawa. Zikakhala kuti nyengo yotentha kwambiri siziwoneka pakanyengo, ndipo mvula mwadongosolo, ndiye kuti mungafunikire kuthiririra nthawi 3 kapena 4 munthawi yakukula. Kwa nthawi 1, ndowa 1 yamadzi imathiridwa pansi pa chomera chimodzi. Mbewuyo ikathiriridwa kapena ikamagwa, nthaka yomwe ili pafupi ndi honeysuckle ifunika kumasulidwa, ndipo maudzu onse azichotsedwa. Kutsegulira dothi kuyenera kukhala osachepera masentimita 7-8 okha, chifukwa mizu ya mbewu yotereyi ndiyopamwamba. Ngati dothi lakwiririka, ndiye kuti kumasula malo ake kumatha kuchitika pafupipafupi komanso mwachindunji kudzera mu mulch.
Momwe mungadyetse honeysuckle
Honeysuckle wobzalidwa panthaka kwa zaka 2 sadzafunika feteleza owonjezera. Kenako chomera chimayamba kudyetsa 1 nthawi ziwiri zokha, pomwe tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zofunikira. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, chifukwa ichi, phulusa lamatanda 100, makilogalamu 5 a kompositi ndi 40 g ya superphosphate iwiri amawonjezerapo dothi pa mita imodzi ya mita ya chiwembu. Chaka chilichonse kumapeto kwa tchire, masamba asanatsegulidwe, tchire limadyetsedwa ndi ammonium nitrate (magalamu 15 kwa mita 1 ya chiwembu), pomwe amabweretsedwa m'nthaka, kapena mutha kuthira madzi osakaniza malita 10 ndi 1 pansi pa chomera chilichonse zikuni zazikulu za urea. Zipatso zonse zikakololedwa, kuvala kachitatu pamwamba pa honeysuckle kumachitika;
Honeysuckle zipatso
Kodi zipatso za honeysuckle zimacha nthawi yayitali bwanji? Maluwa ndi zipatso mu chomera chimawonedwa koyambirira, kotero kucha kucha kumachitika m'masiku otsiriza a June kapena masiku oyamba a Julayi. Pochulukitsa mitundu yambiri, zipatso zokhwima zimagwera kuchitsamba mwachangu mokwanira, ndiye kuti zokolola ziyenera kuchitika munthawi yake, apo ayi ambiri adzatayika. Kutola zipatso kumayenera kuchitika mtundu wawo utakhala wakuda. Zikatero, ngati mitundu yanu m'munda yanu siikugwa, ndiye kuti mutacha kucha mungathe kudikirira masiku ena 7. Ngati kutsika kwawo kumachitika mwachangu, ndiye kuti kukolola kumalimbikitsidwa motere: chifukwa ichi, filimu kapena nsalu zimayalidwa pansi pa chitsamba, pomwe zipatso zimagwedezeka, momwemo mudzatha kutolera zipatso zokhwima. Zipatso zanthete zimatha kuvulala mosavuta, polumikizana ndi izi zimathiridwa muzotengera zazing'ono zosakhala ndi wandiweyani. Ngakhale pa alumali ya firiji, zipatso sizitha kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa chake tikulimbikitsidwa kuti ziwonjezeke posachedwa ndikuzisunga mufiriji. Jam imakonzedwa kuchokera ku zipatsozi, ndipo amathanso kuponderezedwa mu blender ndikuphatikizidwa ndi shuga mu chiyezo 1: 1 (muyenera kusungira mufiriji) kapena 1: 1.25 (mutha kusungira firiji). Zipatso zokhala ndi shuga komanso shuga zimawonedwa ngati magwero abwino a mavitamini ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira chimfine, ndipo osakaniza awa amalimbikitsidwa kuti aphatikizidwe ndi sitiroberi kapena rasipiberi. Honeysuckle imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga vinyo ndi zakumwa zina.
Thirani Honeysuckle
Kuika chomera chomera ndikovuta. Choyamba, muyenera kukumba, mutazindikira kale malire a mizu. Kenako chitsamba chimayenera kuchotsedwa m'nthaka ndikuchisamukira kumalo atsopano, pambuyo pake chikuyenera kubzalidwe. Kuyika kwa Honeysuckle kumasamutsidwa bwino kwambiri. Ndi nthawi yanji yomwe imakhala yoyenera kwambiri poika chomera cha mabulosi? Njirayi ikulimbikitsidwa kuti ichitike m'chilimwe mukakolola. Pankhaniyi, honeysuckle adzakhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu m'malo atsopano. Kodi wogulitsa adzafunika chisamaliro chiti? Pambuyo pa njirayi, honeysuckle, monga mbewu ina iliyonse, ayenera kupatsidwa madzi okwanira.
Honeysuckle pambuyo pakupanga
Zipatso zonse zikakololedwa, ndikofunikira kudyetsa honeysuckle. Komanso chitsamba chidzafunika kuthirira panthawi yake ndikudulira zitsamba zomwe zimaphwanya mawonekedwe ake. Tifunikanso kukonza tchire ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, pakafunika kutero. Honeysuckle samangopereka zokoma komanso zipatso zabwino, komanso chomera chokongoletsera kwambiri. Komabe, mbewuyo imabala zipatso bwino ndikuwoneka bwino pokhapokha ngati itasamaliridwa moyenera. Kumbukirani zaukadaulo wazikhalidwe zamtunduwu ndikuwona kusintha kwakunja kuthengo, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wothana ndi vuto lililonse lomwe linabuka.
Kudulira kwa Honeysuckle
Kudulira nthawi yanji
Chomera chongobzala kumene sichidulidwa patatha zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. M'zaka zotsatira, chitsambachi sichiyenera kudulwidwa, ngati mphukira zili ndi kukula kwabwinobwino, ndipo chomera chomwe sichinakukula. Izi zimachitika kuti nthawi yoyamba yomwe honeysuckle imadulidwa ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri kapena zisanu ndi zitatu. Komabe, pali alimi omwe amalimbikitsa kufupikitsa timitengo ta mmera tomwe tidabzala m'nthaka yotalika masentimita 7-8, kenako titha kudikirira mpaka chitsamba chikhala champhamvu kwambiri. Potola, ndikulimbikitsidwa kusankha nthawi yophukira.
Momwe mungabwezerere honeysuckle
Pakakhala kuti zikuwoneka kuti mbewuyo yakhala yofiyira kwambiri, muyenera kuchotsa nthambi zofunikira zingapo zomwe zimamera kuchokera m'nthaka. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kudula nthambi zonse zowonongeka, zouma ndi zofatsa, chifukwa zimangotenga mphamvu za chomera. Ndikofunikanso kuonda tchire mkatimo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dzuwa lizilowa kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa zipatso kumamera pamitengo yamphamvu ya pachaka, mogwirizana ndi izi, kufupikitsidwa kwa mphukira za chaka chino kungasokoneze kukolola kwamtsogolo. Kwa zimayambira ndi kukula kofowoka, tikulimbikitsidwa kudulira malangizowo, koma pokhapokha ngati maziko a mphukira ali ndi mphamvu zokwanira. Nthambi zakale zomwe zimakhala ndi zipatso zochepa ndizoyenera kuchotsedwa. Ndiyeneranso kudula zitsamba zonse zomwe zimamera pang'ono, popeza zimasokoneza kayendedwe kabwinobwino kama dothi pafupi ndi mbewu. Ngati mbewuyo ndi yachikale, ndiye kuti mutha kuwononga kudulira, chifukwa muyenera kuchotsa pafupifupi nthambi zonse ndi mitengo, pomwe kukula kwazonse zomwe zakula kuzungulira chitsa kuyenera kutsalira. Chapakatikati, chitsamba chimadulidwa chifukwa chaukhondo, chifukwa cha izi, nsonga za zimayambira zowonongeka ndi chisanu zimadulidwa, nthambi zonse zovulala ndi matenda zimadulidwa. Pamapeto pa kuphukira, ngati kuli kotheka, kudulira kumachitidwanso, komwe kumatha kuteteza mawonekedwe a chitsamba.
Kuswana kwa Honeysuckle
Honeysuckle ikhoza kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu ndi njira zamasamba, monga: lified, wobiriwira kapena zodula, kuphatikiza tchire, komanso kuyala. Njira iliyonse yopatsidwira ili ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zake. Kubzala honeysuckle ndikosavuta kufalitsa mbewu, komabe, muyenera kukumbukira kuti chikhalidwechi ndi chopukutidwa-mungu, chifukwa chake mbande sizitha kusunga mawonekedwe amtundu wa kholo. Komanso, monga lamulo, alibe mikhalidwe yabwino ngati iyi poyerekeza ndi mbewu za kholo. Pankhaniyi, honeysuckle kuchokera kumbewu imakulidwa makamaka ndi obereketsa. Ngati chitsamba chafika zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, chitha kufalikira pogawa chitsamba, koma muyenera kudziwa kuti fanizoli lomwe lili ndi zaka zopitilira 15 limakhala lovuta kuligawa magawo, ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito kabole kapena nkhwangwa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amafalitsa honeysuckle mwa kuyala ndi kudula.
Honeysuckle kwa mbewu
Tengani pepala la kuchimbudzi ndikumata zipatso zokhwima m'mphepete mwake, ndikuyesera mtunda pakati pa njere pafupifupi 10 mm. Ndiye dikirani mpaka pepalalo litauma kwathunthu ndikulemba pa ilo chaka chopereka mbewu. Kenako, pepalalo limasungunuka ndikusunga. Kutentha kwanyumba, mbewu zotere sizitaya mphamvu kwa zaka zingapo. Ngati angafune, mbewu zatsopano zomwe zingafesedwe. Kubzala kumachitika mu June mu nthaka yonyowa, pomwe mbewuzo zimafunikira kuzama masentimita 0,1 okha.Tanki yofesa iyenera kusamutsidwa ku wowonjezera kutentha kapena kutseka ndi galasi. Yang'anani gawo lapansi pafupipafupi, popeza kuti wosanjikiza sayenera kupukuta. Pakatha pafupifupi masiku 20, mbande zoyambirira ziziwoneka. Chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, chidebe chokhala ndi mbande chimayenera kusinthidwa kumunda, ngati mwabzala mitundu yosagwira chisanu, mbewuzo sizingakhudzidwe nthawi yozizira, koma ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi chipale chofewa. Ngati kufesa kunachitika mu Okutobala kapena Novembala, ndiye kuti zotengera zomwe zili ndi zokolola zimasinthidwa nthawi yomweyo kumunda, momwe zimakhazikika nthawi yachisanu pansi pa chisanu. M'nyengo yozizira, mbewu zidzasokonekera, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira mbande zimatuluka. Kuti mbewu zomwe zadutsa mzerewo zitangomera, zotengera zomwe zili ndi mvula kasupe ziyenera kuyikidwamo. Mbewuzo zikakula mpaka kufika 20-30 mm ndipo zimakhala ndi awiri kapena atatu ma masamba enieni amatsamba, zimayikidwa mu bedi la mundimu pogwiritsa ntchito 5x5. Masamba adzafunika kuthirira mwadongosolo, kudula ndi kumasula nthaka (mutathirira). Pakatha chaka chimodzi, mbande zimabzalidwa malinga ndi 20x20. Pakatha zaka zitatu kapena 4, mbande zimapatsa zipatso zoyambirira. Muyenera kuyesa ndikuwunika kukoma kwa zipatso zonse kutchire ndikusiya mbewu zokha, zomwe zipatso zake zimawoneka ngati zokoma kwambiri. Mbeu izi ziyenera kuthandizidwa kuti zikhale kwamuyaya, ndipo patatha zaka 7 kapena 8, zidzayamba kubereka zipatso, pomwe kulimidwa kwa zipatsozo kumadzakonza bwino. Kuchokera mbande zotsala, mutha kupanga mpanda wobiriwira.
Kufalitsa kwa Honeysuckle ndi odulidwa
Alimi odziwa zamaluwa akuti pafupifupi 200 200 odulidwa angadulidwe kumera umodzi wokhwima. Amakololedwa kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, masamba asanatseguke, ndipo nthambi zamphamvu kwambiri pachaka zimasankhidwa, m'mimba mwake zomwe zimayenera kukhala osachepera 0,7-0.8 cm. Kutalika kwa chogwiriracho kumatha kusiyana 15 mpaka 18 cm. Zitha kubzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena pabedi lomwe limapangidwa mwachindunji pamunda wamaluwa pansi. Zodulidwa zimabisidwa m'nthaka pafupifupi masentimita 10, pomwe masamba awiri apamwamba amafunika kukhala pamwamba pamtunda. Kuti muchepetse mawonekedwe a mizu, kuphimba zidutswazo ndi filimu kapena lutrasil. Phesi liyenera kuzika mizu pambuyo pa masabata anayi.
Kufalitsa kwa Honeysuckle kuphatikiza pamodzi
Pamene tchire limamasula mu Meyi kapena June, muyenera kudula tsinde pachaka, komwe mphukira zamakono zikulira. Pochita zodula, mphukira za nyengo ino zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Dziwani kuti kudula kumayenera kukhala ndi "mapazi asanu" pachaka chazaka zomwe mphukira zimakula. Kubzala mitengo yodula iyenera kuchitika pabedi lokonzedwa kale, pomwe siyiyenera kuyikidwa munthaka yopitilira 30-50 mm m'nthaka. Pamwamba pa bedi pali pobisalira yopangidwa ndi kanema. Zodula ziyenera kuthiriridwa kamodzi kapena katatu pa tsiku. Mitu yawo ikadzadziwikanso, ichi chidzakhala chizindikiro chotsimikizira kuti mizu yake idapambana.
Kufalitsa kwa Honeysuckle ndi kudulidwa kobiriwira
M'chilimwe, chikhalidwechi chitha kufalikira ndi masamba obiriwira. Kuti mudule izi, ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mphukira zobiriwira za nyengo ino, pomwe kukolola kumachitika kumapeto kwa kukula kwawo. Monga lamulo, nthawi ino imagwera masiku oyamba a Juni, pamene zipatso zimasanduka buluu. Kukula kwa zodulidwa zikhale pafupi ndi pensulo. Iyenera kuzika mizu chimodzimodzi ndi zodula zokhazokha, koma pankhaniyi, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti chinyontho ndi dothi nthawi zonse zimakhala zazitali kwambiri. Pofuna kuthamangitsa mawonekedwe a mizu, zigawo zotsika ndizomwe zimadulidwa ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi heteroauxin. Ndi kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yotsatira yophukira, kudula kumabzalidwa pamalo okhazikika.
Kufalitsa kwa Honeysuckle mwa kuyala
Mwa kugawa, honeysuckle ndikosavuta kufalitsa. Mu Juni, dothi liyenera kumasulidwa pafupi ndi chomeracho, pomwe likufunika "kukulitsidwa pang'ono". Mitengo ingapo yamphamvu ya pachaka imatengedwa, yomwe imamera m'munsi mwa chitsamba, iyenera kugwada pansi komanso m'malo angapo kumata pansi ndi waya. Kenako tsinde limakutidwa ndi dothi, pomwe makulidwe ake amayenera kukhala 30-50 mm. Nyengo yonseyo, tsinde ili liyenera kuthiriridwa madzi mwadongosolo. Nthawi yotsatira yophukira ikafika, ndikofunikira kupatula zodulidwa kuchokera pachitsamba cha kholo ndikuziika kumalo okhazikika. Pakatha zaka 2 zokha, kuyala kudzasandulika chitsamba chodzaza.
Kufalitsa kwa Honeysuckle pogawa chitsamba
Zomera zokhala ndi zaka 6 ndizoyenera kubereka Iyenera kuchotsedwa padziko lapansi kumapeto, masamba asanathere, kapena kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira. Pogwiritsa ntchito mitengo yotulira kapena mtengo, chitsambachi chimayenera kugawidwa m'magawo angapo. Magawo amayenera kupezeka kuti ndi ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ndiye Delenki wobzala m'malo atsopano. Kulekanitsa zoyerekeza zachikulire sikulimbikitsidwa, chifukwa izi zimatha kubweretsa kufa kwa honeysuckle.
Matenda a Honeysuckle ndi chithandizo chawo
Honeysuckle imakhala ndi kukana kwambiri kumatenda, koma nthawi zina imaphulika ubweya wa maolivi ofiira, powdery mildew, chifuwa chachikulu, kapenanso kuyanika kunja kwa nthambi, kumadetsa nthambi. Matenda onsewa ndi fungal. Onsewa ali ndi zizindikiro zawo zapadera, kotero, nthawi zina, chitsamba chimayamba kuuma, masamba ake amasandulika akuda kapena bulauni, ndipo ena chomera chimasanduka chikaso, masamba ake amawuluka posachedwa. Nthawi zambiri, tchire limayamba kudwala khansa kapena matenda a virus monga mosaic-rezha ndi mottling masamba. Matenda onse a virus samachiritsidwa. Pochiza matenda oyamba ndi fungus, ma fungicidal othandizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo: colloidal sulfure, mkuwa oxychloride, Bordeaux fluid, Skor, ndi zina. Pofuna kuteteza chikhalidwe ichi ku matenda omwe angachitike, munthu ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zodziletsa zantchito. Kufufuza tchire kumayenera kuchitika kumapeto kwa nthawi yachangu isanayambe, ndipo m'dzinja lisanafike chisanu, fungicides imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamenepa.
Honeysuckle tizirombo ndi kuwongolera
Honeysuckle imakhalanso yogonjetsedwa ndi tizilombo tambiri, koma imatha kuvutika nayo. Asayansi apeza kuti tizirombo 37 tosiyanasiyana titha kuvulaza masamba achikhalidwe ichi: mwachitsanzo: honeysuckle, apone honeysuckle ndi honeysuckle spruce aphid, honeysuckle miners, honeysuckle milozo yamiyala, mthethe, apulo owoneka ndi msondodzi wabwinobwino, tsamba l maluwa Mafunso abwinobwino, omwe amayika masamba ndi ma cobwebs. Khungubwe la kachidole kamene kamavunda kumayambitsa zipatso pa nthawi yake yakucha, chifukwa chake, zipatsozo zimatembenuka buluu nthawi yake isanakhale, ziume ndi kuwuma. Tizilombo todya masamba ophika titha kuthetsedwa mothandizidwa ndi Eleksar, Inta-Vira ndi Decis. Ndi tizirombo toyamwa tomwe timakhazikika pa honeysuckle, timamenyedwa mothandizidwa ndi Actellik, Rogor, Confidor ndi njira zina zofananira.
Mitundu ya Honeysuckle
Kusiyana pakati pa chakudya chowoneka bwino ndi mtundu wa chipatso. Chifukwa chake, zipatso za mitundu yokhazikitsidwa ndi mtundu wa buluu wakuda, ndipo pamtunda pawo pali chidutswa. Wamaluwa amalima mitundu yotsatirayi iyi: Altai, buluu, Kamchatka ndi edible, kapena honeysuckle wa Turchaninov. Mitunduyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu ndi obereketsa kuti apeze mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mwa kukhwima, mitundu yovomerezeka imagawidwa kukhala:
- kucha kucha, zipatso zimakhwima pofika theka lachiwiri la June (Blue Spindle, Princess Diana, Roxanne, Early Gzhel);
- pakati pa nyengo, chiyambi cha kubala kwawo kumachitika zaka khumi ndi zitatu za Juni (Omega, Cinderella, Souvenir, Shahin);
- kucha mochedwa, kucha zipatso kumawonedwa kumapeto kwa June (Kingfisher, Gourmand, Nymph, Ramenskaya).
Zomera zazikulu kwambiri zigawidwa kukhala:
- wokhala pansi, kutalika kwa tchire sikupitilira masentimita 150 (Souvenir, Gourmand, Omega, Kamchadalka);
- sing'anga, kutalika kwa tchire kuli pafupifupi 200 cm (Kingfisher, Cinderella, Shahinya, Kuminovka);
- mkulu, kutalika kwa tchire kupitirira 200 cm (Blue Spindle, Nymph ndi Fortune).
Komabe, ambiri olima dimba amagawanitsa mitundu yonse kukhala yabwino, yokoma komanso yayikulu-zipatso. Ngati mukufuna kukula mitundu yobala kwambiri, ndiye kuti muyenera kusankha Nymph, Souvenir, Princess Diana, Masha ndi Canning. Mitundu yayikulu-yayikulu yophatikiza imakhala ndi Anzake Atatu, Wokondwa, Mwana wamkazi wa Giant, Nymph, Dolphin, Pamyat Kuminov, Yugan, pomwe zipatso zake zimakhala zokoma, zimakhala ndi acidity pang'ono. Mitundu monga Cinderella, Roxana, Kamchadalka ndi Sinichka ali ndi zipatso zomveka bwino za sitiroberi komanso wowawasa. Zipatso za Sibiryachka zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi ma buliberries. Zipatso zokhwima zimakhalabe tchire kwa nthawi yayitali ngati mitundu monga: Omega, Nymph ndi Sibiryachka.
Kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane mitundu ingapo ya honeysuckle:
- Mfumukazi Diana. Kutalika kwa chomeracho ndi korona wopakika ndi pafupifupi masentimita 200. Zimayambira popanda kanthu. Mbale zokhala ndi masamba obiriwira okhala ndi masamba obiriwira zimakhala ndi pamwamba. Zipatso zazikulu za cylindrical m'mimba mwake zimafikira mamilimita 10, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi mamilimita 40. Mu zipatso, kumtunda kumakhala koterera pang'ono. Ali ndi kununkhira kosangalatsa komaso wowawasa.
- Shahinya. Kutalika kwa mbewu sikudutsa mita 1.8. Mawonekedwe ake korona ndi ofanana. Mtundu wa ma penti woonda ndi wobiriwira wakuda. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wamaluwa pokongoletsa malo. Mawonekedwe achulukidwe amtundu wa zipatsowo ali ndi "osankhidwa" pamwamba ndi "msuzi" wambiri. Zipatsozo zimakutidwa ndi khungu losalala, ndipo zimalawa zonunkhira-zotsekemera.
- Nymph. Mitundu iyi ndi yamphamvu. Kufalitsa korona kumakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Pamwamba pa zimayambira pali kupindika. Masamba akuluakulu obiriwira obiriwira amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira komanso nsonga yakuthwa. Maonekedwe a zipatsozo amafanana ndi kupindika, pomwe zipatso zina amazipindika. Pamwamba pa chipatso pali khungu loonda, kakomedwe kawo kamakhala kotsekemera.
- Souvenir. Kutalika kwa mbewu sikudutsa masentimita 150. Korona wobiriwira amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owundana. Mapangidwe a pubescent pang'ono ndi owongoka. Magawo a masamba ovunda ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira wakuda. Maonekedwe okongola a zipatsozo amakhala ndi maziko ozungulira komanso mbali yaying'ono. Kukoma kwa zipatso kumakhala kokoma komanso kowawasa.
Malo a Honeysuckle: maubwino ndi zovulaza
Zothandiza zimatha honeysuckle
Kodi phindu la honeysuckle ndi chiyani? Zipatsozo zimaphatikizapo presinic, malic, oxalic ndi citric acids, vitamini C, proitamin A, mavitamini B1, B2 ndi B9, shuga monga sucrose, fructose, galactose ndi glucose. Mulinso ma tannins ndi pectins, komanso zinthu zina monga potaziyamu, magnesium, chitsulo, silicon, calcium, phosphorous, sodium, ayodini, zinc ndi mkuwa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zipatso za mbewu zoterezi zimatha kuwonjezera katulutsidwe ka m'mimba, zimathandizanso kukulitsa kugaya chakudya cha madzi a m'mimba. Komanso zipatsozi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi diuretic, restorative, laxative, antiviral, antibacterial, choleretic, anti-zingotic, kukonza, antifungal ndi antioxidant zotsatira. Mankhwala wowerengeka, honeysuckle amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pothandizira kutsegula m'mimba ndi kudzimbidwa, matenda am'mimba, kuchepa magazi komanso matenda oopsa. Pamaso pa matenda amtima, amatengedwa ngati multivitamin wothandizila ndi vasoconstrictor ndi antipyretic. Madzi omwe amapezeka pazipatso za mbewu zotere amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa ndere. Decoction wopangidwa kuchokera ku zipatso za honeysuckle amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa maso ndikuchotsa kupweteka pakamwa ndi pakhosi. Sikuti zipatso zodziwika bwino za honeysuckle ndizothandiza, chifukwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yachilengedwe, mwachitsanzo, honeysuckle honeysuckle, ilinso ndi phindu. Chifukwa chake, decoction yokonzedwa kuchokera ku nthambi za mbewu zotere amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiritsa impso, kukonza chilimbikitso mwa anthu omwe adwala kwa nthawi yayitali. Komanso, decoction amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsuka mutu, chifukwa amatha kupangitsa mizu ya tsitsi kukhala yolimba. Ochiritsa a Tibetan ochokera ku makungwa a chomera chotere amapanga mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi pinkiller, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazowonjezera pamutu komanso pamutu. A decoction amakonzedwa kunthambi ndi makungwa a chikhalidwe ichi, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa matenda a zakumwa. Honeysuckle Tingafinye tiri ndi exfoliating zotsatira, motero amagwiritsidwa ntchito eczema. Chifukwa chakuti zipatso za honeysuckle zimakhala ndi ma polyphenols, ma tannins, mavitamini, glycosides ndi ma katekisima, amaonedwa ngati othandiza.
Kwa yemwe honeysuckle adatsutsana
Mitundu ya honeysuckle yolandidwa ilibe zotsutsana. Komabe, kudya zipatso zochuluka kwambiri kuyenera kupewedwa, chifukwa zimatha kuyambitsa kukokana kwa minofu, kudzimbidwa, komanso khungu pakhungu. Komabe, simuyenera kuchita mantha, chilichonse chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito, ngati chidyedwa kwambiri, chitha kuvulaza thupi.
Mphamvu zakuchiritsa zamitundu yosaoneka bwino ya honeysuckle ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha mutadziwa momwe mungakonzekere bwino kupanga kapena kutulutsa. Ngati mukukayikira chidziwitso chanu, ndikulimbikitsidwa kukana ntchito iyi. Zofunikira: mutha kudya zipatso za honeysuckle zomwe ndi zakuda kapena zabuluu, mbewu zokhala ndi malalanje kapena ofiira omwe ndi oopsa!
