Mochedwa
Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino monga matenda achomera ndi vuto lakumapeto. Nthawi zambiri zimakhudza masamba monga mbatata, phwetekere, tsabola, ndi biringanya. Pali milandu yodziwika ya matenda omwe amachedwa ngakhale maluwa, mwachitsanzo, ma violets. Choyipa chomaliza cha zipatso zamalanje ngakhale masamba a sitiroberi ndizochulukirapo. Choyambitsa matendawa ndi phytophthora infestans. Imalowa mkatikati mwa chomera, ndikumupweteketsa iye.
Kuzindikira kuvulala koyandikira ndikosavuta. Masamba a mbewu zoyambitsidwa zimayamba kukhala ndi mtundu wa bulauni. Makamaka mtundu wachilendo uwu umawonekera bwino mvula ikamayamba ndi nyengo yotentha. Dzuwa chifukwa cha vuto lakelo ndi mtundu wa zothandizira. Zotsatira zake, mbewuyo imada ndipo pang'ono ndi pang'ono imafa.
Zomera zomwe zili ndi vuto lakumapeto sizoyenera kudya. Mbatata za mbatata zimayamba kukhala ndi imvi, ndipo zikadulidwa, mbatata zimakhala zofiirira. Mfundo yoti mbewuyo ili ndi kachilomboka ikhoza kutsimikiziridwa ndi nsonga za mbatata, omwe m'malo mwa mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira amapeza mtundu wofiirira. Pankhaniyi, nsonga ziyenera kudulidwa mwachangu, ndipo mbatata ndizodzaza bwino. Ngati matendawa sadzafika pa tubers, ndiye kuti pali mwayi wopulumutsa mbewuzo. Nsonga zopatsirana ziyenera kuwonongedwa, koma osaponyedwa mzenje za kompositi.
Ntchito yolepheretsa mochedwa choipitsa iyenera kuchitika ndi tomato. Ndikofunika kuthana ndi mankhwalawa mwapadera kuyambira chakumapeto, kapena 1% Bordeaux madzi, kumayambiriro kwa mbewu. Mutha kukonzanso sopo yankho la 20 g ya sulfate yamkuwa, 200 g ya sopo ochapira. Sungunulani malita 10 amadzi. Ndikofunika kuchita machitidwe munyengo yamvula.
Spider mite
Palibe chovuta kuzindikira kangaude pa chomera ndi maliseche chifukwa ndi kakang'ono, koma kumavulaza mbewu. Imatha kulowa kulikonse kudzera mukuyenda kwa mpweya pa intaneti. Kangaudeyu umakhala momasuka kwambiri mu malo obiriwira, momwe zinthu zonse zimapangidwira. Uku ndi kutentha kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa dzuwa kwakukulu.
Zomera zambiri, mwachitsanzo, nkhaka, zimatha kutenga kachilombo ka akangaude. Chomera chodwala chimakhala ndi malo owoneka pamasamba, kenako ndikuwona mozungulira. Ichi ndichizindikiro kuti kangaude wachikazi wayamba kale kuyikira mazira. Kuti tisunge chomera kuchokera ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tifunika kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera zopangira kuthana ndi nkhupakupa. Mwachitsanzo, "Bicol" kapena "Bitoxibacillin". Ngati zomwezi siziri pafupi, ndiye kuti nkhaka zimathiridwa ndi kulowetsedwa kochokera kumitengo ya mbatata.
Mkhalidwe waukulu: nsonga siziyenera kukhala ndi kachilombo kachedwa. The kulowetsedwa zakonzedwa motere: 1 makilogalamu a zobiriwira, wathanzi nsonga bwino akanadulidwa, amaikidwa mu chidebe ndi kutsanulira ndi 10 malita a madzi. Kusakaniza ndikokwanira kupatsa kwa maola 3-4, pambuyo pake ndi okonzeka kuchitapo kanthu.
Spider mite imatha kuvulaza mbeu zosakhwima, mwachitsanzo, mbande za tsabola, biringanya, tomato. Pankhaniyi, masamba ang'onoang'ono azomera ayenera kupendedwa mosamala, makamaka kumbali yakumbuyo. Ngati tsamba loonda kwambiri lipezeka, ndikofunikira kupopera mbewuzo mwachangu.
Scab
Nthawi zambiri pamasamba a maapulo, mapeyala, mbatata mumatha kuwona zakuda, zowuma, zosasangalatsa malo okhudza. Izi ndi chifukwa chowonekera ndi bowa wa microscopic parasite - nkhanambo.
Chimpanda chimalowa mmera, chimatha kupatsira ziwalo zake zonse: masamba, zipatso, zimayambira komanso maluwa. Mothandizidwa ndi matendawa, zipatso zimapunduka, masamba amafooka, amawuma msanga. Amayenera kuchotsedwa pomwepo, ndipo akauma pang'ono, amawotcha, chifukwa ndi masamba omwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amatha kupitilira.
Matendawa amakula kwambiri nyengo yonyowa. Izi ndichifukwa choti zambiri za bowa za parasitic zimayamba kukhala yaying'ono. Ndiye chifukwa chake, ngati kasupe ndi chilimwe kumakhala mvula, mukakolola, mwachitsanzo, mbatata, tubers zambiri zimakhudzidwa.
Komabe, mosiyana ndi matenda operewera mochedwa, mbatata yokhala ndi nkhanambo ndiyothandiza. Osatengedwa nkhanza kwa wina ndi mnzake, mwachitsanzo, zipatso za apulo ndi peyala.
Komabe, nkhanambo iyenera kumenyedwa. Pachifukwa ichi, mbewuzo zimapopedwa bwino ndi Bordeaux madzi kapena 0,3% mkuwa wa chloride.
