Ma aristocrats anayi a mabedi amaluwa achifumu

Zomera zam'madzi zimakupatsani mwayi wobweretsa m'minda ndi mitundu yowala, ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka, komanso masewera a mawonekedwe. Kusankhaku ndikwabwino kwambiri kuti aliyense athe kupeza zokongoletsera za mundawo kuti azilikonda. Ngakhale mbewu zamaluwa zambiri zimakhala zotchuka kwambiri, nthawi zina kungokhala maluwa osakwanira sikokwanira. Ngati mukuyang'ana mbewu zomwe zingakuthandizeni kukhazikitsa zovomerezeka m'mundamo, ndipo ndimasewera azithunzi ndi kukujambulani za mapaki ndi zigawo za England ndi France, ndiye kuti muyenera kulabadira osati petunia, koma akatswiri apadera a dimba - pelargoniums, begonias ndi mafuta a basamu.

Pakati pa nyengo yachilimwe komanso chofukizira cha nyengo pali mbewu zambiri zapadera komanso zapadera. Palinso zikhalidwe zakale komanso zatsamba zomwe zitha kutsutsana ndi maziko ndi nyengo iliyonse. Pelargonium, Balsamine Wotalikirapo, tubered ndi wobiriwira nthawi zonse ndi mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi mbiri. Adapambana udindo wawo monga wokonda maluwa ndi kulima duwa kalekale asanatumizidwe kwa maluwawo. Ndipo ngakhale zaka zana zapitazo akugwiritsa ntchito kwawo chikhalidwe, adakali otchuka kwambiriomera.

Zomera zinayi izi ndizofanana:

Choyamba, chilimwechi chimaphukira makamaka papeti yofiirira-yofiirira, kuti ikwaniritse malo abwino komanso owoneka bwino m'munda.

Kachiwiri, izi zimadziwika nthawi yomweyo. Aliyense amene alibe ngakhale ndi dimba lawo angazindikire mosavuta begonias kapena pelargoniums m'mundamo kapena mabedi amaluwa amumzindawo.

Chachitatu, masamba achilendo amapanga maluwa okongola ndipo amadziyanitsa ndi nyenyezi zina.

Ndipo pelargonium, ndi bals Vitamini, ndi begonias amawoneka onse apamwamba komanso otchuka. Ndiwopanga kwambiri, amapanga malo okongola kwambiri, amakhala okwanira ndipo safuna gulu la mbewu zina, koma osatayika pakuyambira kwawo. Kulikonse komwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito - m'munda wamaluwa wamiyala, pansi, m'munda wamphika, chosakanizira, dimba wamba la maluwa kapena kama wamaluwa ochokera ku chilimwe - nthawi zonse amakhala oyamba kukhudzana ndi mawonekedwe. Zomera izi sizingakhale zangwiro, koma zokwanira komanso zonyada.

Zomera zinayi izi zofanana zili ndi chinthu chimodzi: zimatha kupezedwa osati kuchokera ku mbewu zokha. Inde, kufalitsa mbewu ndi njira yabwino kwambiri. Koma pelargonium ndi bals Vitamini zitha kupezeka mosavuta kuchokera kwa amayi zakumwa, kusunga tchire nthawi yachisanu ndikudula zodula kumayambiriro kwamasika. Tchire la chiberekero limasungidwa chimodzimodzi monga tubonia tubers.

Zowoneka bwino komanso zapamwamba, nthumwi zamayendedwe anayi otumphukira maluwa okonzeka kukunda misanje yatsopano. Ndipo obereketsa padziko lonse lapansi salola kuti mbewu zizigwera mu nyengo yotentha komanso kafungo kabwinobwino, nthawi zambiri kumadzaza zophatikiza ndi mitundu ndi mitundu yatsopano ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa.

Tiyeni tidziwe bwino nyenyezi zodziwika bwino zamkati zomwe zimapereka zonyezimira zowoneka bwino komanso zamtengo wapatali m'munda komanso pamakonde.

1. Tuberous begonia

Amakhulupirira kuti chomera ichi, ngati chikuwoneka m'munda kapena khonde, chikhala kwamuyaya. Ndipo sizikukhudzanso kutalika kwake: mukatha kuwona momwe chomera chapadera ichi chimamasulira bwino komanso mosatopa, ndizosatheka kuyerekezera nyengo yonse popanda iwo.

Tuberous begonia (Begonia x tuberhybrida).

Tuberous begonia (Begonia x tuberhybrida- - herbaceous tuberous perennials kuchokera 20 mpaka 80 masentimita okwera ndi yowutsa mudyo, pafupifupi opepuka, owongoka kapena wotumphukira mphukira ndi masamba asymmetric. Kutulutsa kwa mabulosi ambiri a tubonias kumayambitsa kuyanjana ndi maluwa, kenako ndi camellias, zokongoletsa, komanso ngakhale ndi peonies. Zowonadi, inflorescences yapamwamba imadabwitsa osati kokha ndi mitundu kuyambira yoyera mpaka chikaso, lalanje, pinki, lilac, maluwa ofiira ndi ofiira amitundu yocheperako komanso kusintha, komanso mawonekedwe, kukongola kwa m'mphepete mwa mozungulira kapena m'mizeremizere. Kukongoletsa kumayambira kuyambira Meyi-Juni mpaka Seputembara-Novembala, kutengera nyengo. Mwa malo otseguka, heterosis hybrids ndi amponous begonias amatha kusinthidwa bwino, kusankha komwe kumagwira ntchito kwambiri.

Tuberous begonias - accents ya tchuthi pakupanga kwa dimba lililonse, khonde, malo otetezedwa kapena malo osangalatsa. Magnolia opindika kwambiri amadzala miphika ndi ma ampel, obzalidwa m'miyala yamaluwa kapena masokosi, malo otseguka pamabedi a maluwa, m'malire ndi malire.

Tuberous begonias m'mundamu uyenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo komanso kukonzekera, kusungidwa m'malo otetezeka ndi otetezedwa. Chomera chimafuna kusamalidwa mosamala, chifukwa nthambi zake ndizosavuta kuthyoka chifukwa chachulukidwe komanso kusweka. Koma pena paliponse zinthu zili bwino. Tuberous begonias pachimake mu dzuwa, ndi kuyatsa kuyatsa, ndi pang'ono mthunzi. Zitha kukhala zazikulu pamtundu uliwonse wopanda nkhawa komanso wopepuka. Ngati chidebe sichingakhazikike, ndibwino kulemera ndi miyala pansi pa ngalawo.

Kusamalira begonias wa tuberous sikovuta. Kutsirira ikuchitika pafupipafupi, koma mosamala, popanda akuwukha amadyera ndi ma tuber, kukhalabe osasintha, koma kuwala kwambiri chinyezi. Ziwonetsero za Tuber zimadyetsedwa 1 nthawi m'masiku 10-14, pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza kapena chilengedwe chonse. Mitundu ya ampel, uzitsine.

Kukula tubonias yambiri kuchokera ku mbewu si ntchito yophweka, koma njirayi ndi yabwino kwambiri kuteteza njira zamtunduwu pofalitsa. Mbande ndizochepa kwambiri ndipo zimafunikira chisamaliro mosamala ndi kuziteteza, ndipo sizimakula msanga. Begonia tubers, mosiyana, imasungidwa mosavuta mufiriji kapena malo ena ozizira opanda chisanu m'matumba a pepala kapena mabokosi. Kuti ma tubers asataye kutanuka kwawo, amatha kuwaza nthawi ndi nthawi kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera chinyezi "filler" - utuchi wanyowa kapena moss. Koma ngakhale atakhala pamtengo wokwera mtengo kwambiri kotero kuti musataye mtima chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira yomwe sinalephereke: Zomera zikupezeka kwambiri kuti zigulitsidwe masika, ndizosavuta kubzala kunyumba kuti azikongoletsa mundawo ndi mfumukazi yosawerengeka ya masentensi a nyengo yozizira pofika nyengo yoyambira.

Tuberous begonias (Begonia x tuberhybrida).

Kuti muchotse madera ochulukirapo pofika nyengo yotentha, kodi ndizokwanira kuwabzala, ozama? kapena 2/3 m'mbale zosaya kumapeto kwa February kapena March. Chomera ichi, gawo lililonse lotayirira ndiloyenera. Kuwala komanso kutentha kwa firiji, zikumera zoyambirira zimatuluka mwachangu. Mbewuyi imathirira madzi pang'onopang'ono, kusungitsa chinyezi chinyezi komanso kupewa ma tubers kuti asanyowe. Madyera atayamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu, ma tubers adakutidwa ndi dothi, ndikuthilira pang'ono pang'ono.

Opemphapempha okhazikika amabweretsedwa m'mundawo kuyambira kumapeto kwa Meyi kapena ngakhale mu June - pokhapokha ngati frost ibwerera. Koma amafunika kuzolowera kutsegulira pang'onopang'ono, kuyamba kusintha masabata atatu asanachotsedwe, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera nthawi yomwe wopemphayo amakhala mumweya wabwino ndikusintha chomera kuti chiwunikire bwino. Kukonda kwachilimwe mu kasupe kumalipidwa ndi kupirira mu mbewu izi mu kugwa: begonias kulekerera kuyambilira kwa yophukira mosavuta ndikupitilira kuphukira mpaka chimbudzi, chomwe ndichabwino kuchita chisanachitike chisanu choyamba.

2. Begonia ikutulutsa maluwa nthawi zonse

Chomerachi chimawoneka chosakonzeka chokha ndipo sichidziwa chilichonse chodzala chambiri. Wocheperako kukula ndi mawonekedwe, maluwa si ndiye kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa begonia iyi. Kupatula apo, kuchuluka kwa maluwa ndi kufunika kwa maluwa, komanso mitundu yowala, kuposa kulipirira izi. Izi sizingafanane ndi masamba amkuwa, ofiira kapena obiriwira, ndikupanga zokongoletsera zokongola zamapepala otsika.

Evergreen begonia (Begonia x semperflorens-cultorum).

Begonia ikutulutsa maluwa nthawi zonse - wosakanizidwa wophatikiza yemwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka pansi pa zolemba pansi pa dzina losavomerezeka la botanical Begonia x semperflorens-cultorum. Chomera chokhala ngati herbaceous chotalika 15 mpaka 20 cm chimakopa mphukira zonse ziwiri zowoneka bwino komanso masamba ozungulira, omwe amaoneka asymmetry osawoneka nthawi yomweyo. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amatengedwa mu masamba a masamba obisika, amatha kukhala osawoneka bwino chifukwa cha mitundu yowala ndi kuchuluka kwake: nthawi yamaluwa, tchire lowoneka bwino limasanduka ma rugs okongola momwe kuchuluka kwa maluwa kumafananirana ndi kuchuluka kwa masamba okongola.

Utoto wautoto umaphatikizapo zoyera, pinki, lalanje, mitundu iwiri ya mitundu yosavuta komanso yamtundu wamtundu. Kusankhidwa kwa mitundu yokhala ndi masamba obiriwira omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba ndi maluwa ndikwabwino kwambiri. Koma zabwino zamtunduwu zimaphatikizidwanso ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chogula mosagwiritsa ntchito: pamodzi ndi mitengo yaying'ono, yama squat, yomwe masamba ake otambasuka akuwonetsa kuthekera kopanga kapeti wokuluka komanso wokongola, pali mitundu yotayirira yomwe imatha kutambasuka, yomwe siyikupereka zotsatira zofananira.

Mtengo uwu ndiwokongola osati m'mabedi a mitengo ofukizira ndi mabedi okongoletsera maluwa kapena malire osakanikirana, komanso yofunika kwambiri monga chikhalidwe chamalire. Maluwa abwinobwino komanso maluwa owala bwino amapanga mawanga ndi mikwingwirima yabwino kwambiri kotero kuti nkosatheka kuyang'ana kumbali ya maluwa okhalitsa. Koma palibe choyipa, chiziwoneka m'maluwa achikazi, ndi miphika, ndi nyimbo zophatikizika, komanso ma ampul.

Mbuluzi yamuyaya imakonda mthunzi wocheperako kapena kutetezedwa kuti isagwidwe mwamphamvu ndi dzuwa. Dothi la chomera ichi liyenera kukhala lotayirira komanso lopepuka, lopatsa thanzi, lopangidwa bwino komanso acidic pang'ono.

Kusamalira mbewu kumachepetsedwa kuti pakhale chinyontho m'nthaka, kubwezeretsa nthawi yachilala komanso kudyetsa pafupipafupi (milungu iwiri iliyonse).

Evergreen begonia (Begonia x semperflorens-cultorum).

Chifukwa cha mtengo wotsika wa mbande, maluwa osasintha obiriwira ndi osavuta kugula opangidwa okonzeka, m'malo modzala ndi mbeu. Ndikosavuta kuposa kusokoneza mbande, kusungitsa tchire la chiberekero m'nyumba nthawi yozizira, ndikudulira masamba amphukira ndikulimbikitsa kukula kwa nthambi zamtundu, zomwe zadulidwa zimatha kudulidwa kuti zizika mizu m'nthaka. Koma kufalitsa mbewu ndikothandiza komanso osati kovuta monga amanenera.

Kuyambika kwa begonia uku mu zomatira ndi dothi kutha kuchitika kumapeto kwa Meyi kapena mu June, pambuyo poopseza kubwerera posachedwa.

3. "Wonyowa" - Mabilithamini okhathamira ndi ma hybrids awo

Ndikosavuta kutchula chikhalidwe chomwe chingapatsidwe ulemu wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa mtundu uwu wa basamu. Wakhala akudziwika ndi aliyense kuyambira ali mwana, ndipo ngakhale adazolowera kwambiri, mpaka pano samakhalabe pamithunzi ya zatsopano zamakono. "Ntchito" yochititsa chidwi siilepheretsa osagwera kukhala amodzi otchuka, otakataka komanso okongola.

Wotalika Wocheperako (Impatiens walleriana).

Mafuta a Basamu akutalika kwambiri (Impatiens walleriana) Lero limawonetsedwa m'munda, komanso chikhalidwe, chipinda chocheperako ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa mbewu zambiri kumangokhala 15 cm cm, mitundu yayikulu kwambiri imatha kukula mpaka masentimita 35. Ngakhale popanda kuthina mphukira, masamba a basamu, matchi okongola, zodabwitsa ndi masamba osachedwa amtundu, mphukira zamaso ndi maluwa amtundu umodzi kapena awiri apical, omwe ndi osangalatsa mumutcha dzina.

Utoto wa maluwa umaphatikizapo zinthu zonse zachikondi komanso zowoneka bwino zautoto kuchokera pa zoyera mpaka za pinki, zofiira, lalanje, zofiirira. Masiku ano, ma bals amatha kudzitamandira pakusankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yomwe maluwa ake amakhala otsika kukongola mpaka maluwa. Mithunzi yowala ya pinki, yofiyira, yofiirira, yosiyanasiyana masentry, yobiriwira kapena masamba ofiira akuda - pali zambiri zoti musankhe.

Mabakiteriya amatha kumalidwa ngati chomera kapena cham'mera, komanso panthaka. Chimawoneka chodabwitsa m'maluwa osaluwa ndi makatoni osakaniza, popanga zokutira zokongola modabwitsa.

Sikovuta kusankha mikhalidwe ya basamu. Tsamba lazilimweli limalekerera bwino kugudubuzika, mitundu yambiri yatsopano nthawi zambiri imaphukira bwino dzuwa lowala (mitundu iwiri imatentha kwambiri). M'malo otentha, basamu amakhala ndi kutentha ndi chilala, moyo wake umadalira chisamaliro. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yopanda chonde ndi yachonde. Malo okhala ndi mphepo siothandiza chomera chosalimba ichi.

Wotalika Wocheperako (Impatiens walleriana).

Kusamalira mafuta a basamu ndikosavuta kwambiri. Chomera chimakonda chinyezi chokhazikika komanso kuthirira chochuluka, koma ngakhale dothi likauma kwa nthawi yochepa, limabwezeretsedwa bwino ndikathirira. Kuvala kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa ntchentcheyi kumachitika mosamala, kupewa feteleza wambiri (makamaka nayitrogeni). Mulching imathandizira kukonza ndikukhala ndi maluwa ambiri chifukwa choteteza kutenthedwa. Maluwa akutulutsa maluwa a basamu amachotsedwa bwino (pokhapokha mukadzakhala mumbale).

Mavitamini amathiridwa kuchokera ku mbewu ndi njira yodula. Tchire la Uterine limasungidwa m'nyumba m'nyengo yozizira, kenako mu March kudula kumadulidwa ndikukhazikika mu dothi kapena madzi pansi pa hood.

Mabakiteriya amabweretsedwa kumunda ndikuwabzala nthawi zambiri amatulutsa maluwa akangokhala okhazikika komanso osasunthika.

4. Pelargonium-geranium

Kamakhala kovomerezeka pachakudya chilichonse, pelargonium idayamba kutchuka. Koma adabwereranso pamwamba pazoyesedwa za chilimwe ndi ma modenthedwe ena - panthawiyi ngati chomera, makamaka khonde ndi munda. Masiku ano, sizigwiritsidwanso ntchito ndimapangidwe akale ndi chikumbutso, koma amakumbukira malo owoneka bwino komanso minda yapadera ya mbiya za ku Italy ndi Spain. Zowonadi, popanda pelargoniums owala ndizosatheka kungoganizira msewu umodzi osati tawuni imodzi ku Mediterranean.

Pelargonium zonal (Pelargonium zonale).

Pelargoniums ndi zonal (Pelargonium zonale) ndi pelarginia wosakanizidwa (Pelargonium hybridum, kapena Zophatikiza pelargoniums) timadziwikabe kuti ma geraniums, ngakhale ndi abale okha a mbewu zenizeni zamtundu wa Geranium. Mphukira zamphamvu ndi masamba akuluakulu okongola amapanga zitsamba zokongola zomwe sizimawoneka ngati zokondweretsa popanda maluwa konse. Masamba opindika kapena opindika bwino, masamba owoneka bwino kapena achilendo m'mitundu yapamwamba amapezeka nthawi zambiri ngati mawonekedwe osavuta, okhala ndi m'mphepete mwake. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mithunzi m'malo ena a tsamba imapangitsanso chidwi kwambiri, ndipo phale la mithunzi masiku ano silingokhala wobiriwira wonyezimira komanso wamdima. Maluwa a Pelargonium amatengedwa maambulera owala a inflorescence.

Masiku ano, pelargonium yasintha. Kuphatikiza pa mapangidwe wamba a zonal pelargoniums, pali mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya terry, kawiri-kawiri komanso yosavuta mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yosakanizidwa yosachokera, osatchula "angelo", enemgated, ivy, achifumu pelargonium. Ngakhale mbewu zomalizazi zimakonda kukhala zam'munda, kusunthira kumunda wamalimwe basi. Koma penti yoyimira ya mitundu yoyera, yapinki ndi yofiira ya zonal pelargoniums ndi ma hybrids ndikokwanira kuzindikira kukongola kwa zokongola zachifumu izi.

Pelargoniums amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyumba zamaluwa zamiyala ndi masokosi, mumbale ndi mapoto, zophatikizika ndi nyimbo zosakanikirana, zobzalidwa pamabedi a maluwa ndi rabatki, m'malire ndi rockeries.

Kwa pelargoniums amitundu ndi mitundu iliyonse, chinthu chachikulu ndichowunikira bwino komanso dothi lomwe mulibe zinthu zatsopano, koma ndi chopatsa thanzi komanso chamasuka. Zomerazi zibzalidwe ndipo zibzalidwe kokha m'malo owala ndi dzuwa.

Kusamalira a Pelargonium sikungatchedwe kuti kovuta.Zomera sizimakonda kuthirira kwamadzi, kulekerera chilala bwino. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika ndi ma frequency pafupipafupi (ofanana ndi omwe amafunikira kwambiri). Mitengo yowuma bwino imadulidwa, chifukwa imasokoneza kukongoletsa tchire, komwe kukongola kosangalatsa kumachotsedwa.

Pelargonium wosakanizidwa (Pelargonium hybridum).

Pelargonium ndiyosavuta kufalitsa ndi zodula, ngakhale ndizosavuta kuti mbewu izikhala ndi mbewu. Zonal pelargoniums nthawi yozizira nthawi zambiri amasiya kukopa, masamba ake amakhala achikasu ndi owuma, ma internode amakulitsidwa. Koma mu kasupe, kudula kumatha kudula kuchokera kumera (pansi pa tsamba), ndikuwazika mizu ponyowa. Ma Pelargoniums amasankhidwa nthawi yozizira m'malo otentha, kutentha kwa madigiri 10 Celsius.

Munda wa Pelargonium, monga nyenyezi zakale kwambiri zomwe zili ndi mbiri yabwino, umasamutsidwa pokhapokha kuwopsezedwa kwa chisanu chapita kale. Mukabzala mu Meyi m'nthaka, mmera sufa, koma uyenera kutetezedwa ndi mulching ndikuphimba munthawi yausiku chifukwa cha chisanu, ndibwino kudikira mpaka kubzala mpaka June.