Tulips

Tulip (Tulipa) Ndi gawo la mitundu yosatha kwambiri komanso ku banja la kakombo. Duwa ili ndilotchuka kwambiri, ndipo ndizosangalala kukula monga olima maluwa m'mabwalo azinsinsi, komanso akatswiri pamlingo wazenera. Maluwa okongola ngati amenewa amachokera ku Central Asia, ndipo dzina loti tulip limachokera ku liwu lachi Persia "turban", popeza duwa lokha ili ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi iwo. Ku Persia, duwa ili lidayamba kubadwa, pomwe ndakatulo zambiri, makamaka Hafiz, adalabadira kwambiri. Komabe, ku Turkey, tulips adatchuka kwambiri, chifukwa adalimidwa lalikulu ndi akazi a sultan a sera. Mu mpikisano wamtundu wina, azimayi adayesetsa kutsimikizira chikondi chawo chopanda malire. Ku Europe, kapena, ku Augsburg, mbewu zoterezi zidayamba kubzala kuyambira 1554, ndipo kuyambira nthawi imeneyo zidayamba kufalikira pang'onopang'ono kudera lonse la Europe, ndikupeza kutchuka kwambiri chaka chilichonse. Anthu odziwika mayina adayambanso kutolera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tulips. Adapereka ndalama zabwino kwambiri zamitundu yatsopano ya maluwa. Osonkhanawa omwe sanatope nawo adaphatikizapo: Cardinal Richelieu, Count Pappenheim, Voltaire, Emperor Franz II ndi Louis XVIII, yemwe amakonda kukonza maholide otchedwa "tulip holide" ku Versailles.

Komabe, tulip anali wopembedzedwa koposa onse m'masiku amenewo m'dziko lolemera kwambiri ku Holland. Chifukwa chake, 1630 idasiyanitsidwa ndikuti panthawiyi ku Netherlands pafupifupi aliyense akukonda kubzala mbewu zotere. Ambiri adagulitsa mitundu yatsopano kwathunthu ndikugulitsa kumayiko osiyanasiyana ndalama zambiri. Olondera sanayime kumbali. Ndipo posakhalitsa zovuta zina zotchedwa "tulip mania" zidayamba. Kugula ndi kugulitsa mabulosi a maluwa amenewa kunachitika tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo pafupifupi anthu onse anachita nawo izi. Amagulitsanso pamasinthidwe, pomwe maloya sanakhale ndi nthawi yobwera ndi malamulo atsopano ogulitsa munthawi yake. Zotsatira zake, mtengo wa mababuwo unafika pamlingo wosaneneka ... kenako zonse zinagwa. Ndipo mathedwe anali modzidzimutsa monga chiyambi. Chifukwa chake, kufunikira kwakhala kochepa kwambiri, ndipo izi zidadzetsa nkhawa pamsika wogulitsa. Kuti athetse vutoli, boma la Dutch lidayenera kulowererapo. Chifukwa cha lamulo latsopano, kugulitsa masamba a tulip kunakhala kosaloledwa. Ndipo patapita nthawi, tulips anapezanso kale maluwa okongola a masika.

Kasitomala akuda amaonedwa ngati opambana kwambiri mwa obereketsa. Mitundu ingapo ya Harlem tulips yokhala ndi utoto wamtambo wakuda idawonekera pakati pa zaka za zana la 17, ndipo olemba nthawi imeneyo sananyalanyaze izi. Utoto wathunthu wakuda udabadwa mu February 1986. Izi zidalengezedwa pamsonkhano wa atolankhani ndi director of the Netherlands Floristics Institute. Adanenanso kuti Dane Geert Hageman adatha kutulutsa tulip yachilendo ngati imeneyi. Kuyesa uku kudatenga zaka mazana atatu, ndipo kudatenga madola 400,000.

Zinthu za Tulip

Kutalika kwa tulip kumasiyana kuyambira 10 mpaka 100 cm. Mizu yotsalira imamera kuchokera pansi pa babu, ndipo imayimira mizu ya mbewuyi. Chaka chilichonse, mizu imeneyi imafa. Mu mababu ang'onoang'ono, stolons osabereka amawoneka - awa ndi mphukira za pambuyo pake zomwe zimatha kukula motsika pansi mpaka mmbali. Bulb ya mwana wamkazi imawonekera pansi pa masamba awa. Tsinde lokhazikika lili ndi mawonekedwe a cylindrical. Pamaso pa malembawo okhala ndi lanceolate-okwanira nthawi zambiri pamakhala timapukutira ta sera, ndichifukwa chake mtundu wawo umakhala wonyezimira. Pamwambapo pali pepala laling'ono kwambiri lotchedwa pepala la mbendera. Ndipo pansipa pali tsamba lalikulu kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mbewu ili ndi duwa limodzi. Koma pali mitundu ina yomwe imamera kuchokera pa 3 mpaka 5 komanso maluwa ambiri. Ali ndi mawonekedwe oyenera. Perianth imakhala ndi masamba 6, pomwe pali ambiri stamens okhala ndi ma anther of a elongated mawonekedwe. Utoto wodziwika bwino kwambiri ndi wofiyira, wocheperako - wachikaso komanso wosowa kwambiri - yoyera. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono titha kupaka utoto wamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, pali zofiirira, zachikaso, pafupifupi zakuda, zofiira, zoyera-ngati chipale, zofiirira. Palinso mitundu yomwe maluwa amatha kupaka utoto wamitundu yosiyanasiyana, pomwe pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yawo. Maluwa amathanso kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, monga: goblet, chowondera, chowoneka ngati nyenyezi, chikho, mawonekedwe a kakombo, mawonekedwe-pion, ogwirana, etc. Kukula kwa maluwa kumadaliranso mitundu. Chifukwa chake, pali maluwa pafupi masentimita 12, pomwe mainchesi awo amatha kusiyanasiyana kuyambira 3 mpaka 10 cm, ndipo pakuwululira kwathunthu kumafika masentimita 20. Kutsegulira kwa masamba kumachitika nthawi yomwe dzuwa limawala kumwamba, madzimawa amatsekedwa. M'mitambo, maluwa satsegula nkomwe. Mtengowo utazirala, zipatso zimapangidwa, lomwe ndi bokosi lomwe lili ndi nkhope zitatu. M'kati mwake muli njere zopindika za chikasu.

Kukula Zinthu

Kuti mukule bwino maluwa okongola ngati amenewa, muyenera kuphunziranso momwe mungasamalire bwino. Nthawi yomweyo, malamulo osamalira tulips siovuta kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale wobzala maluwa yemwe sadziwa zambiri sangathe kupirira chifukwa chabalima.

Malamulo oyambira

Pakakulidwe kamaluwa kakakulu, feteleza ayenera kuthira dothi katatu.
Ndikotheka kumvetsetsa mtundu wanji wa feteleza womwe mbewuyo imasowa pakuwoneka. Chifukwa chake, ngati masamba alephera kwambiri ndipo sangathe kukhazikika, ndiye kuti tulip imafunikira feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni. Kuwala kwamtambo m'mphepete mwa masamba kumatanthauza kuti mbewu zimasowa potaziyamu ndi phosphorous.
Tulips wodwala ayenera kutulutsidwa m'nthaka ndi mababu. Kuthira dothi, ndikofunikira kuthira mu dzenje lopangidwa basi potaziyamu permanganate.
Kuti muchotse dothi pafupi ndi maluwawo muyenera kusamala. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mutha kuwononga masamba kapena masamba a chomera mosavuta.
Ngati mukufuna kusangalala ndi duwa la kukula kokulirapo chaka chamawa, komanso kuletsa bulb kuti isasiyane ang'onoang'ono, muyenera kusankha duwa losachedwa chipatsocho chisanachitike.
Anyezi wokumba amawuma m'malo otetezeka, chifukwa amasintha mopepuka kuti awongolere dzuwa.
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa manyowa atsopano mu nthaka kumatha kubweretsa kuwola kwa mababu, komanso kuwoneka kwa matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi.
Ngati kukuzizira nyengo yachisanu ndipo kuli matalala pang'ono, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kuyika nthaka m'nthaka pogwiritsa ntchito peat, utuchi, humus kapena udzu.
Ngati mudula maluwa pachomera, muyenera kusiya masamba awiri. Potere, anyezi adzatha kulandira zakudya zachilengedwe kuti zikule bwino bwino.
Kusankha dothi lodzala, tulips ayenera kubzala m'malo omwe sanakulilidwe kwa zaka zosachepera zitatu.

Kubzala tulips poyera

Nthawi yoyenera kubzala

Kuti mbewu ikhale yokhazikika, ndikofunikira kuwabzala m'nthaka m'nthawi yake. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kukumbukira kuti kubzala mababu m'nthaka kuyenera kuchitika m'dzinja, ndipo musaiwale kuti kuti mizu itha kumatenga pafupifupi milungu 3-4. Mababu akabzalidwa pambuyo pake, mchilimwe amamera ndikukula pang'onopang'ono kuposa momwe amayembekezeredwa, amapanganso mababu ochepa kwambiri. Amaphukanso osati mochititsa chidwi. Ngati zibzalidwe koyambirira m'nthaka, mababu amatha kumera. Nthawi yomweyo, zisanu zoyambirira ziwononga mbewuzo. Nthawi yoyenera kubzala tulips tikulimbikitsidwa kuwerengera ndi kutentha kwa dothi. Chifukwa chake, imayenera kuyezedwa mwakuya pafupifupi masentimita 10-12. Ngati ndi ofanana ndi madigiri 10, ndiye kuti mutha kugwira mosavuta. Monga lamulo, nthawi ino igwera pakati pa Seputembara.

Kubzala mababu mu nthawi ya masika

Ojambula maluwa odziwa zambiri amatsimikizira kuti mu kasupe mutha kubzala mababu, mukadapanda nthawi yochita izi mu miyezi yophukira. Komabe, maluwa ambiri chaka chino, simungadikire. Zingakhale bwino ngati zochepa chabe zitsanzo. Asanabzala mababu, amafunika kuyikika pa alumali firiji usiku wonse, kenako ndikuikonza mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate (sungani kwa mphindi 30). Kukonzekera kwa mabedi kuyenera kuchitidwa chivundikiro cha chisanu chisungunuke. Chifukwa chake, mothandizidwa ndi pitchfork, muyenera kukumba dothi ndikupanga miyala. Kwa mababu akulu, mtunda pakati pa mitengo ndi 25-30 sentimita, ndi kwa ana kuyambira 10 mpaka 15 sentimita. Musanadzalemo mababu, muyenera kuthira ma grooves ndi njira yatsopano yophika ya potaziyamu.

Posankha malo a tulips, tisaiwale kuti ayenera kukhala dzuwa, kutetezedwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho. Nthaka iyenera kuthiridwa bwino, pang'ono zamchere kapena osalowerera. Dothi louma-loamy ndilabwino, momwe mu chilimwe ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kompositi inavunda, komanso phulusa lamatanda (1 mita² 200 g amatengedwa). Ngati dothi ndi lolemera kwambiri, ndiye kuti litha kusintha. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuwonjezera kompositi, mchenga wamtsinje ndi dothi lotayirira lomwe limadzazidwa ndi michere. Kupititsa patsogolo ngalande, ndikofunikira kuthira mchenga wozungulira wozungulira wosasunthika katatu pansi pamiyala yokonzedwa. Mababu akuluakulu ayenera kuyikidwa pansi mpaka masentimita 10 mpaka 15, ndi ang'ono (ana) - kuchokera 5 mpaka 7 cm. Mababu amayenera kukanikizidwa pang'ono pansi, kenako nkuwaza ndi dothi ndi kuloledwa ndi zingwe. Kubzala peat kumathandizira kuti nthaka isasokere.

Yophukira

M'dzinja, ndikofunikira kubzala tulips molondola ndikuwapatsa chisamaliro chofunikira. Chowonadi ndi chakuti posachedwa kwambiri nyengo yachisanu idzafika komanso momwe mbewu idzagwire nthawi yozizira, komanso momwe duwa limayambira bwino mu nthawi ya masika, zimatengera mwachangu momwe mwagwirira ntchito m'dzinja. Musanadzalemo tulips, ndikofunikira kufufuza mozama mababu awo. Chifukwa chake, iwo omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za matenda aliwonse kapena kuwonongeka ayenera kuwonongeka. Alimi aluso amalimbikitsa kubzala malinga ndi mitundu. Potere, chisamaliro cha mbewu sichingakhale chovuta, ndipo ndikosavuta kukumba mababu. Asanabzike mwachindunji, babu amayenera kuwilitsidwa kwa theka la ora kapena ola limodzi mu njira ya 5% ya potaziyamu permanganate. Zifunika kubzyalidwa chimodzimodzi ndi masika. Munthaka yopepuka, babuyo uyenera kubzalidwa mozama wofanana ndi mulifupi mwake wa 3, ndipo kukula - 2 m. Onetsetsani kuti mulch pamwamba panthaka. Peat, udzu, masamba owuma, komanso utuchi, ndizabwino kwambiri pamenepa.

Chisamaliro cha Tulip

Kusamalira maluwa otere ndikofunikira kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa masika. Pambuyo zikamera, muyenera kuyang'ana kubzala mosamala. Mababu omwe sanapatse mphukira ayenera kukumbidwa mosamala ndikuwonongedwa kuti matenda asafalikire. Tulip imakonda chinyezi, koma mizu yake ndiyifupi ndipo chifukwa chake duwa silingathe kutenga madzi kuchokera pansi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuthirira tulips munthawi yake. Kuti nthawi zambiri komanso mokwanira ndikofunikira kuthirira madzi, zimatengera nthaka. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti pakupanga masamba ndi maluwa, ayenera kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri komanso mwadongosolo. Mtengowo ukazirala, umathiriridwa madzi theka lina mwezi komanso mwadongosolo. Pa nthawi yothirira, madzi amayenera kulowa mu dothi lonse lapansi mozama. Pamenepa, malita 1040 a madzi ayenera kuthiridwa pa 1 mita lalikulu. Mukathirira, yesani kuti madziwo asakhale pamasamba, chifukwa izi zimatha kutentha.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa mbewu ndi njira za feteleza. Ngati mukufuna feteleza wouma, ndiye musanawabalalitsire panthaka, ndikofunikira kuti mpweya wabwino ukhale ndi masamba a tulips. Chifukwa chake, ngati feteleza afika pamalo ponyowa pepala la masamba, pamatha kutentha. Pothira feteleza youma pamalowo, dothi liyenera kuthiriridwa madzi mosamala. Pokhapokha ngati izi, michere imatha kulowa mu dothi ndikuyamwa mizu ya tulip. Nthawi yoyamba kuti mbewu zizidyetsedwa koyambirira kwamasika, zikamera. Panthawi imeneyi, ndizotheka kuthira feteleza wouma. Mukungofunika kufalitsa moyanjana, ndi kuthirira nthaka. Kusakaniza kwa phosphorous, nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu (2: 2: 1) ndi koyenera ngati feteleza. Kwa mita lalikulu lalikulu, 50 g ya fetelezayu apita. Chovala chachiwiri chapamwamba chimachitika kumayambiriro kwa budding. Pakadali pano tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la michere momwe gawo limodzi la nayitrogeni, magawo awiri a phosphorous ndi kuchuluka komwe kwa potaziyamu kulipo. Kwa mita lalikulu lalikulu, muyenera 30-35 g yankho. Kachitatu feteleza umayikidwa m'nthaka mutangotulutsa maluwa. Pano, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu zimatengedwa m'malo ofanana, ndipo nayitrogeni sagwiritsidwa ntchito. 1 mita lalikulu litenga 30 mpaka 35 g yankho. Kotero kuti mababu a mwana wamkazi amakula kwambiri mu mbeu, zinc zochepa ndi boron ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku yankho.

Kumasula ndi kuchotsa udzu

Mumasuleni dothi ndikuchotsa udzu uzikhala mwadongosolo. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchita njirayi mutathilira, chifukwa panthawiyi ndikosavuta kutulutsa udzu. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti udzu womera umatenga michere yambiri m'nthaka, ndikuthothoka kwa nthaka kumachitika. Pankhaniyi, yesani kuwachotsera munthawi yake. Mukamasula dothi mwadongosolo, izi zimachepetsa pang'onopang'ono madziwo, komanso zimapangitsa udzu kuti udze. Kuti udzu ndi kumasula kwambiri nthawi zambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kufalitsa ngakhale wosanjikiza mulch panthaka.

Simuyenera kuiwala kudula nthawi yomweyo maluwa. Pankhaniyi, tulips sangagwiritse ntchito mphamvu zawo pakukula kwa mbewu, koma padzakhala kuchuluka kwa mababu.

Zinthu Zogulitsa

Mukakumba mababu chaka chilichonse, kuyendera, kusanja, kusankha kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha matenda, momwemonso sikungathetse vuto loyipa la monoculture. Pali njira ziwiri: zoyambirira ndikusinthiratu dothi lapansi, chachiwiri ndikusintha chomera kuti chatsopano. Njira yosavuta kwambiri ndi yachiwiri. Simungathe kumuyika kokha tulips kuchokera ku 13 mpaka 15 class. Komabe, adzafunikira kumuyika patatha zaka zitatu kapena zinayi.

Njira zolerera

Mutha kufalitsa ndi mbewu komanso mothandizidwa ndi mababu. Monga lamulo, pofalikira, mbewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri (obereketsa), ndi onse, chifukwa maluwa amtunduwu sangathe kusunga mawonekedwe amtundu wa kholo. Kubzala kumachitika mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena panthaka. Mu malo amodzi, popanda kusintha, iwo amakula kwa zaka 2-3, pomwe mbewu zimafunikira kutetezedwa ku chisanu nthawi yachisanu. Pambuyo pa izi, anyezi okhwima amafunika kukumba ndikuisunga. Tikufika ikuyenera kuchitika m'dzinja. Kutulutsa koyamba kwa mbewu zotere kumachitika pokhapokha zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi za moyo. Komabe, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti zaka zoyambirira za maluwa sizikhala zowoneka bwino kwambiri. Pazaka 8-12 zokha zokhala ndi moyo, tulip imakhala yophuka modabwitsa.

Olima maluwa odziwa zambiri amalimbikitsa kuti tulips azitha kufalitsa mababu okha.Chofunikira kwambiri pazomera zotere ndikuti maluwa atatha, babu a makolo amamwalira ndikusinthidwa ndi mwana wamkazi yemwe akukula ndi ana. Zambiri zimatha kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa ana kuti apangidwe, ndipo chachikulu ndicho chilengedwe. Zimachitika kuti osati 1 lalikulu, koma mababu awiri ocheperako amapangidwa. Nthawi yomweyo, ma peduncles amatha kukula mwa ana patatha zaka zingapo. Ngati mukufuna kupewa kusinthika pang'onopang'ono kwa mbewu, ndiye pangani mabatani anyezi m'nthaka, m'mimba mwake momwe muyenera kukhala osachepera 12 cm. Zomera zotere zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe onse amtundu uliwonse. Anyezi ang'onoang'ono amalimbikitsidwa kuti atipatse mpweya wambiri m'chipinda. Potere, ana akuyenera kukhala okulirapo mpaka kukula ndipo pokhapokha atabzyala pamalo pomwe pali mbewu.

Tizilombo ndi matenda

Matenda oopsa kwambiri ndi ma virus a motley. Kuti mudziwe kuti duwa lili ndi kachilomboka ndilosavuta. Chifukwa chake, ngati mitundu yopanda mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba pamasamba ndi masamba ali ndi mikwingwirima, mapanga ndi malo, ndiye mbewuyo ili ndi kachilombo. Ndikosatheka kuchiritsa matenda ngati amenewa. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuyandikira mwanzeru kupeza zinthu zodzala, ndipo muzingochita izi ndi ogulitsa odalirika. Komanso, tikadula tulips, tsamba la mpeni liyenera kubalidwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pambuyo pa chitsamba chilichonse, chifukwa kachilomboka kangathe kufalikira limodzi ndi msuzi wa mbewu. Tizilombo tosongoka tiyenera kukumbidwa pansi ndi dothi komanso kuwotcha (kuwotcha). Pankhaniyi, yankho lamphamvu kwambiri la potaziyamu permanganate liyenera kutsanulidwa mu dzenje.

Zomera zoterezi zimatengera matenda a Ogasiti, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kachilombo ka fodya. Mutha kuzindikira kuti tulip imatha kupatsirana ndikuwombera komanso duwa lopotozedwa ndi mikwingwirima; mawanga amtundu wakuda nawonso amawonekera pamabu. Duwa loyambukiridwa liyenera kuwonongeka. Kuti achite izi, amakumba mwachindunji ndi mtanda wa dothi, ndipo yankho lamphamvu kwambiri liyenera kutsanuliridwa mu dzenje lakutsogolo, pokonzekera momwe magalamu atatu a boric acid ndi 10 magalamu a manganese potaziyamu amatengedwa pa lita imodzi yamadzi. Yankho lotentha liyenera kuthiridwa mu dzenje. M'malo mochita matope, mutha kuthira phulusa lamatabwa. Popewa, tulips wathanzi amathandizidwa ndi yankho la msingi.

Komanso chomerachi chimatha kutenga matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Chifukwa chake, imatha kupatsiridwa ndi muzu, yonyowa, yofewa, imvi, yoyera kapena yaola ya botrythic. Zomera zimatha kutenga matenda otere nthawi yamvula. Osatengera zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, njira zodzitetezera ndi zofanana: dziko lapansi liyenera kukhala lotchinga komanso mbewu ziyenera kusamalidwa bwino. Mababu akakumbidwa nthawi yachilimwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mbewu zitha kubisa phytoncides m'dera lino la nthaka, mwachitsanzo: calendula, nasturtium, marigold kapena mpiru. Muyeneranso kuthira malowo ndi yankho la fungicide (2 g ya zinthu pa lita imodzi yamadzi).

Lilac scoops, nkhono, makoswe ngati mbewa, zimbalangondo, nthata za anyezi, slugs ikhoza kukhazikika pamalowo. Ma biki anyezi amatayidwa motere. Anakumba anyezi ayenera kumizidwa m'madzi otentha (kuchokera ku 35 mpaka 40 madigiri) ndikugwiritsitsa pafupifupi mphindi 5. Pomwe tulips akatenga kachilombo nthawi ya kukula kwambiri, amathandizidwa ndi 2% yankho la nyanga kapena celtan. Popanda zotsatira zomwe mukufuna, maluwa odwala ayenera kuwonongeka. Mukakumba anyezi, m'gawo lino la nthaka muyenera kubzala radish, tomato kapena tagetas, chifukwa amalimbana ndi tizirombo. Mutha kuchotsa utoto wofiirira mothandizidwa ndi kukhetsa masamba ndi njenjete. Patsamba muyenera kuyika zidutswa, mabatani, zidutswa ndi plywood, etc. Slugs, zimbalangondo, nkhono zimakwawa pansi pawo masana. Muyenera kusonkhanitsa mwadongosolo ndikuwawononga. Pukutsani chikho chagalasi ndikuthira madzi (osapitirira). Zimbalangondo zimagwera mumsampha uwu ndipo sizisankhidwa. Mousetraps amathandizira kuchokera ku makoswe, kapena mungathe kukonza mabatani musanawabzala ndi meerk yachitsulo.

Tulips pambuyo maluwa

Kusamalira mbewu zomira

Onjezerani feteleza wa phosphate ndi potaziyamu.
Chotsani maluwa owuma ndi thumba losunga mazira.
Mapesi sayenera kudulidwa.
Chomera chomwe chinazimiririka chimathiriridwa kwa theka lina la mwezi, kenako pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa kuthirira ndikusiyiratu.
Masamba ndi tsinde zikafa, kukuta babu.
Ndimbakumba nthawi yanji

Mutha kuchoka m'nthaka pachilimwe mitundu yochepa chabe ya tulips, amene maluwa ake ali ndi utoto wofiira. Chifukwa chake, ngati simukumba mabulawo, maluwawo adzachepera ndipo tsinde limakhala lalifupi komanso locheperako. Chowonadi ndi chakuti chaka chilichonse maluwa atatulutsa, anyezi wa mayiyo amakankhira ana kumtunda, ndipo umalowera mu dothi. Chifukwa chake, chaka chamawa chomerachi chimakhala ndi maluwa osakhazikika chifukwa ana akutuluka, pomwe babu a kholo adakali "m'manda". Pamenepa, masamba atapukutika kwathunthu ndipo tsinde likasintha kwambiri, muyenera kukumba babu ndi fosholo ya bayonet.

Tulip Bulb yosungirako

Anyezi wochotsedwa pansi ayenera kutsukidwa bwino pansi pamadzi ndikuyika kwa mphindi 30. mu yankho la karbofos 3-4%, atha kukhala kwa mphindi 10. kumiza m'madzi ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 50. Ikani mababuwo pamalo owuma, opuma bwino, amdima otentha mpaka 25 mpaka 30 digiri imodzi. Anyezi wouma kwa masiku 3-5 amachotsedwa kuti asungidwe.

Kukonzekera kosungirako: chotsani mizu yakale ndi masikelo ku mababu, patulani ana omwe amabwera popanda kuyesetsa. Gawani ndi kukula. M'makola otakata, kuwaza mababu mu 1 wosanjikiza, kenako ndikusunthira kumalo owongolera ndi kuyatsa kosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, mu chapamwamba kapena khola. Sayenera kuphimbidwa, chifukwa ana amatha kufa, popeza mababu amatulutsa ethylene. Mpaka kuyambira nthawi yophukira, kutentha kumayenera kusungidwa pafupifupi madigiri 20, pambuyo pake amatha kuchepetsedwa mpaka madigiri 17. Yang'anani mababu mwadongosolo masiku 7 aliwonse. Wonongerani mababu ofewa, komanso omwe ali ndi mawalo oyera achikaso kapena oyera (zizindikiro za kuola). Pamaso yophukira isanachitike, gwiritsani ntchito zinthu zodzala ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate.

Mitundu yayikulu ndi mitundu yokhala ndi zithunzi

Mitundu yambiri yamaluwa oterewa omwe amalimidwa ndi anthu ndiogwirizana ndi mitundu yotchedwa Tulipa gesnayeza. Ndipo kuthengo mutha kukumana ndi mitundu: Tulipa sylvestris (nkhalango tulip), Tulipa biebersteiniana (Bieberstein tulip), Tulipa biflora (tulip wokhala ndi maluwa awiri), komanso Tulipa grigii, Tulipa pubescens, Tulipa eichleri, ndi ena.

Mu Novembala 1981, alimi a maluwa achi Dutch adapanga gulu latsopano (lomaliza) la tulips. Kulembetsa kunapangidwanso, komwe kunaphatikizapo mitundu 10,000, yogawika m'magulu anayi, komanso magulu 15. Izi zimavomerezedwa ndi onse popanda chifukwa.

Gulu loyamba. Maluwa oyambira

Gawo 1 - Yoyambira Mosavuta

Amakhala ndi kutalika kochepa, peduncle yolimba kuyambira 25 mpaka 40 sentimita. Maluwa achikasu kapena ofiira amakhala ngati wopindika kapena wopindika chikho. Zosiyanasiyana: "Demeter", "Golden Olga", "Harvest Harvest".

Kalasi yachiwiri - terry yoyamba

Kuchokera masentimita 25 mpaka 35 kutalika, maluwa a terry amatha kukhala achikasu kapena ofiira. Dawo lawo pambuyo pakuwululidwa kwathunthu ndi 10 centimeter. Maluwa ndi aatali. Zosiyanasiyana: Electra, Shunord, Madame Testu.

Gulu lachiwiri. Maluwa apakatikati

Gawo lachitatu - Kupambana

Kutalika kwa Peduncle kuchokera masentimita 40 mpaka 70. Maluwa akuluakulu okhala ndi mawonekedwe opindika amatha kujambulidwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuchokera pofiirira wakuda mpaka yoyera yoyera. Zosiyanasiyana: Crater, Golden Eddy, Snowstar.

Giredi 4 - Darwin hybrids

Kutalika kwa Peduncle kuchokera masentimita 60 mpaka 80. Dongosolo la maluwa limaposa masentimita 10. Alijambulidwa ndi ofiira owala kapena mithunzi ina ya utoto uwu (pali mitundu iwiri). Amalekerera chisanu mu kasupe ndipo satenga kachilombo. Maphunziro: "Chief Chief", "Apeldoorn", "Vivex".

Gulu lachitatu. Maluwa pang'ono

Gawo 5 - Kuchedwa Kosavuta

Tchire lamphamvu limafikira masentimita 60 mpaka 75. Maluwa akuluakulu okhala ndi mawonekedwe opangidwa ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba amajambula ma petals ndi maziko wozungulira. Utoto kuyambira wakuda mpaka Woyera, kuchokera ku burgundy mpaka pinki, pali mitundu iwiri. Yosavuta kuswana. Zosiyanasiyana: Georgette, Dillenburg, Bacchus.

Giredi 6. Kakombo

Duwa limafikira masentimita 50 mpaka 60. Maluwa ali ndi mawonekedwe agalasi ndi ma petals osongoka omwe amawongoka. Mtundu ndi wosiyana. Zosiyanasiyana: Red Shine, White Triumph, Gisella.

Giredi 7 - Fringed

Chingwe cha singano chimayenda m'mphepete mwa miyala. Kutalika kufikira 50 mpaka 80 sentimita. Amatha kupakidwa utoto kuchokera ku utoto wofiirira ndi wakuda mpaka yoyera. Kukula ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa osiyanasiyana. Zosiyanasiyana: Exotica, Maya, Burgundy Lays.

Gawo la 8 - Greens

Pakuyenda konse, pali mawanga obiriwira kumbuyo kwa ngale. Kutalika kufika 30-60 masentimita. Mapepala osachepera masamba. Kutalika kwa maluwa kumayambira masentimita 6 mpaka 10. Zosiyanasiyana: "Samurai", "Hollywood", "Artist".

Giredi 9 - Rembrandt

Gulu laling'ono, kuphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Maluwa akuluakulu amakhala ndi mawonekedwe agalasi ndipo kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 7-9. Pa miyala yachikasu, yofiyira kapena yoyera yabalalika mipiringidzo ndi malo. Peduncle kutalika kumafikira 40 mpaka 70 cm. Zosiyanasiyana: Black Boy, Montgomery, Pierretta.

Giredi 10. Parrots

Zosangalatsa kwambiri. Ziphuphu zomwe zili m'mphepete mwake zimapangidwa mwamphamvu komanso zofanana ndi mapiko a mbalame. Kuwululidwa kwathunthu, m'mimba mwake wa maluwa nthawi zina amafanana 20 cm. Kutalika kwa tchire kumasiyanasiyana masentimita 40 mpaka 65. Utoto kuyambira wofiira mpaka bii. Zosiyanasiyana: Kupeza, Parrot wakuda, Zodabwitsa.

Giredi 11 - Mochedwa terry

Maluwa a peony amakhala pawiri. Kutalika kwa Peduncle kuchokera masentimita 45 mpaka 60. Maluwa pambuyo pake, mtengo umaposa mitundu ya terry. Mtundu ndi wosiyana, pali mitundu iwiri. Zosiyanasiyana: Livingston, Eros, Nice.

Gulu la 4. Botanical ndi mitundu

Giredi 12 - Kaufman

Maluwa ndi koyambirira kwambiri. Mabasi okwera amafikira 15 mpaka 25 sentimita. Maluwa ataliitali, maluwa akuluakulu atatseguka ndiwopanga nyenyezi. Mtunduwo ndi wosiyana, koma mitundu ya bicolor ndiyofala. Pali mawanga kapena mikwingwirima ya utoto wofiirira pa masamba. Zosiyanasiyana: "Daimondi", "Lady Rose Orange Fight", "Korona".

Giredi 13 - Woyambira

Zomera zazikulu zokongola. Kutalika kwa maluwa ataliatali ndi masentimita 15. Duwa limafikira masentimita 30 mpaka 50. Utoto wake ndi utoto wofiirira komanso wofiirira; pinki ndi chikasu zimapezekanso. Pamaso masamba ochepa owoneka bwino, utoto wofiirira nthawi zina amapezeka. Zosiyanasiyana: "Zombies", "Pation", "Copenhagen".

Giredi 14 - Greyga

Kutalika kwa tchire sikokwanira 20 kapena 30 cm. Maluwa akuluakulu okongola ali ndi maziko ambiri. Ma petals amawerama pang'ono. Mtundu - mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ofiira, pali mitundu iwiri. Pamasamba pake pali kachidutswa. Zosiyanasiyana: "Yellow Down", "Zampa", "Plaisir".

Giredi 15 - Botanical

Zamoyo zonse zomwe zimamera kuthengo zimaphatikizidwa. Otsika kwambiri, pachimake kale, ali ndi mtundu wosiyana, mitundu yamitundu yambiri imapezeka. Mitundu: Gesner, Schrenka.

Pali gulu lina latsopano lomwe silinaphatikizidwe pagulu. Terry-fringed.