Kodi nkhalango ku Africa zidzatha?

Dziko lathuli limadwala ndipo zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimadziwika kwa aliyense - uku ndikuwononga chilengedwe, kuwononga zachilengedwe. Inde, zambiri zachitika m'zaka zaposachedwa, makamaka m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene, kuti abwezeretse ndi kusunga chilengedwe. Komabe, nkhawa yomwe akatswiri akufotokozera ndi yoyenera.

Zotsatira zakufufuza komwe kunachitika pokhudzana ndi chikondwerero cha zaka 10 cha UN Environment Program, chigamulo chankhanza chinaperekedwa: njira yakuwonongera zachilengedwe zamayiko otukuka ikupitirirabe. Zomera zimadulidwa chaka chilichonse pamalo a mahekitala 10 mpaka 15 miliyoni. M'mayiko ena (Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Brazil) mitengo yonse imagwetsedwa ndi bulldozers, popanda kusiyanitsa zaka ndi mitundu. Ku West ndi Central Africa, nkhalango zikuchokeranso msanga chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito nkhanza zawo. Mitundu ina yosowa komanso yamtengo wapatali imawopsezedwa kuti idzatha. Ngati chiwopsezo cha chuma cha m'nkhalangoyi chikapitilizabe, chidzawonongedwa pasanathe zaka zana.

Zonsezi zimawopseza zotsatira zachuma komanso zachilengedwe. Dothi lopanda kanthu, lotenthedwa ndi dzuwa, limakonda kukokoloka. Mvula yamvumbi imachotsa chonde, imabweretsa mitsinje, ndimasefukira. Chulukirachulukira chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu, pamakhala nkhuni zochepa zamoto. Ku Africa, nkhuni zamoto zomwe zimaphika ndikuwotcha tsopano ndizochita 90% yamatanda. Kuphatikiza apo, chaka chilichonse chifukwa cha moto wamasamba, zomera zimafa zokwanira matani 80 miliyoni: izi zitha kukhala zokwanira kudyetsa ziweto 30 miliyoni nthawi yamvula.

Mlingo wakuwonongeka kwa zachilengedwe wakula makamaka. Malo oyendetsera migodi, kupanga mafuta ndi kuyenga, madoko akulu, monga Casablanca, Dakar, Abidjan, Lagos, onse ndi malo oyipitsa zinthu zoopsa za mafakitale. Mwachitsanzo, ku Boke (Guinea), 20% ya bauxite imasinthidwa pakuwombedwa kukhala fumbi labwino, lomwe, kufalikira m'mlengalenga, kumadetsa mpweya.

Ndi njira ziti zomwe zachitidwa ku Africa kuti athane ndi ngoziyi kuyambira pamene United Nations Environment Programme idapangidwa zaka 30 zapitazo?

Mayiko ena a ku Africa, makamaka Congo, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Moroko, Nigeria, Zaire, apanga mautumiki azachilengedwe. Mayiko ena tsopano adzipereka ntchito zaukadaulo kuthana ndi mavutowa. Zaire adakhazikitsa National Institute for Natural Conservation mu 1969, yomwe imayang'anira mapaki ambiri amdziko, kuphatikiza Solonga National Park, yomwe idaganizira kuti ndi nkhalango yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Senegal inakonzekeretsa Nyokol-Koba National Park, Cameroon - Vasa Nature Reserve. Kuphatikiza apo, m'maiko ambiri (Ghana, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Zambia, Swaziland), mutu wa chilengedwe umaphatikizidwa ndi maphunziro apasukulu.

Maziko oyanjana pakati pa Africa pantchito yosamalira zachilengedwe afotokozedwa. Mwachitsanzo, maiko 16 a kumadzulo kwa West ndi Central Africa asaina Convention on Cooperation in the Protection and Development of Marine Environment and Coastal Madera a madera awiriwa, komanso Protocol yothandiza kuthana ndi uve pangozi.