Honeysuckle - mavitamini benchi

Mitundu yambiri ya honeysuckle nthawi zambiri imagawidwa m'minda ngati mitengo yabwino yokongoletsera, yoyenera magulu, ma alleys ndi arbor; Mitundu yaku Russia imaphukira kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, kutanthauza kumapeto kwa Meyi mpaka pakati pa Juni. Tilankhulana nanu Honeysuckle buluu (Lonicera caerulea), yomwe ili ndi mayina ambiri, koma nthawi zambiri imatchedwa Mafuta owoneka bwino.

Zipatso za honeysuckle buluu. © Opiola Jerzy

Honeysuckle ndi chitsamba chowongoka cholimba, chomera kwambiri mpaka 2 m kutalika ndi masamba a bulauni scaly ndi masamba a pubescent oblong. Kale kumayambiriro kwa Meyi, maluwa okongola achikasu amawoneka tchire, kukopa tizilombo ndi fungo lawo. Nthawi yamaluwa imakulitsidwa kwa mwezi wathunthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maluwa ambiri azipewa kuwonongeka ndi chisanu komanso amapereka mbewu yokhazikika pachaka. Zipatso zake ndi zofiirira zakuda ndipo ndimtambo wamaluwa, zimakhala ndi msuzi wokukongoletsa, womwe umakumbutsa ma buliberries, koma kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe pa chitsamba ndizosiyana, monga lamulo, zimatha. Kukoma kwa zipatso kumakhala kokoma komanso wowawasa, kutengera mtundu wakucha.

Zipatso za honeysuckle buluu. © Aleksandra M.

Kubzala kwa Honeysuckle

Kwa honeysuckle kudya, lotseguka ndi dzuwa, koma lotetezedwa ndi mphepo, malo amasankhidwa. Ndikwabwino kubzala tchire m'mphepete mwa chiwembucho ndi mtunda pakati pa mbewu kuyambira 0,5 (wandiweyani hedge) mpaka 1.5 m. Nthaka ikhale yopanda chinyezi, koma osasenda madzi. Mtundu wa dothi - pafupifupi.

Ndikwabwino kubzala honeysuckle mu kugwa. Zomera zobzalidwa kasupe zimamera kwambiri, ndipo ziyenera kuchitika koyambirira - mu Epulo, maluwa asanakhale.

Mitundu yambiri imakhala yopanda chonde, kuti muwonetsetse kuti mukupukutika, mudzafunika mitundu iwiri yosiyanasiyana yophuka nthawi imodzi, makamaka atatu mpaka asanu. Zomera zodzala (mbande za zaka 2-3) ziyenera kuwoneka motere: gawo lakuthambo limakhala ndi chigoba cha 4-5 limafupika 25-35 masentimita ndi 5mm wandiweyani pansi, mizu yopanda kufupikira ndi 25 cm, yokhala ndi nthambi 4-5.

Kufalikira kwa Honeysuckle ndi kwamtambo, kubiriwira. © Basik07

Atangotsala pang'onopang'ono, maenje akufikira (40x50x40 cm) amakonzedwa. Feteleza zachilengedwe zimayikidwa kwa iwo (mpaka ndowa ziwiri, kutengera mtundu wa dothi), komanso superphosphate (mpaka 200 g) ndi mchere wa potaziyamu (35-40 g).

Zofunikira Kukula kwa Honeysuckle

Malo: Zimaphuka ndikukula bwino m'malo opepuka komanso mumthunzi wochepa. Ndi shading yamphamvu, imaphukira mofooka. Malo ambiri otchedwa honeysuckles, makamaka mitundu yokwerera, ndi zithunzi zambiri ndipo amakonda malo otseguka dzuwa. Komabe, mitundu yamitengo imatha kulekerera pang'ono ndipo imakula bwino m'mundawo pansi pa mitengo. M'malo otere, chinyezi cham'mlengalenga chimasungidwa, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kuzomera izi

Dothi: Honeysuckle imamera bwino panthaka iliyonse, koma imakula bwino ndikutulutsa madzi. Zosafunika poyimitsa zimawonedwa ngati malo ouma, komanso mabatani otsekedwa. Dothi losakanikirana limakhala ndi malo owetera, humus kapena peat ndi mchenga, wotengedwa mu chiyerekezo cha 3: 1: 1. Mulingo woyenera wa nthaka ndi 7.5 - 8.5. Pa dothi lolemera lonyowa, komanso la mchenga wosauka, honeysuckles samakula bwino. Madzi ofunikira a njerwa osweka kapena miyala yokhala ndi wosanjikiza wa masentimita 5-7.

Kukonzekera yozizira: Kukonzekera kwapadera kwa dzinja sikufunika. Ndi nthawi zina pomwe malekezero a mphukira amatha kuwonongeka pang'ono ndi chisanu, zomwe sizimachepetsa kukongoletsa kwa mbewu.

Honeysuckle ndi buluu, mabulosi. © Doronenko

Chisamaliro cha Honeysuckle

M'zaka 3-4 zoyambirira mutabzala, honeysuckle imakula pang'onopang'ono. Pakadali pano, mumangofunika udzu ndi kumasula nthaka - koma muchite izi mosamala, popeza chomera chimakhala ndi mizu yopanda tanthauzo. Ndikofunika nthawi yomweyo mulch bwalo loyambira ndi humus, peat kapena nthaka youma. Chifukwa cha izi, chinyezi chimakhalabe, makamaka chofunikira kwa honeysuckle m'chigawo choyamba cha chilimwe, pa nthawi yakukula kwambiri kwa mphukira. Ndikathirira kosakwanira, ngakhale zipatso za mchere zimapsa.

Kuyambira wazaka 6-8, mbewuzo amazidulira, kuchotsa nthambi zakale komanso zowonongeka pansi pamunsi. Kuti korona asakhale wandiweyani, chotsani mizu yambiri. Nsonga za mphukira zachichepere, pomwe pamapezeka maluwa ambiri, sizidulidwa.

Mu nthawi yophukira, honeysuckle amadyetsa phosphorous ndi feteleza wa potaziyamu - mpaka 30 g wa superphosphate ndi 20 g ya mchere wa potaziyamu pa 1 sq. Km. m. Mukuwonjezeka, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni (30 g wa urea m'dera lomwelo).

Zipatso zoyambirira zamkati mwa mitundu yoyambirira zimapezeka kale kumapeto kwa Meyi, ndipo kupsa kwamphamvu kumachitika pambuyo pa masiku asanu ndi limodzi mpaka asanu ndi awiri. Ndiwotambasuka, ndipo ndibwino kuti tisachedwe kusonkhanitsa, chifukwa m'mitundu yambiri zipatso zimakhetsa.

Mbande zimayamba kubala zipatso chaka chachiwiri kapena chachitatu mutabzala, zipatso zochuluka zimaperekedwa mchaka chachinayi kapena chachisanu. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, honeysuckle imatha kubweretsa zokolola zambiri zaka 20-25.

Honeysuckle chitsamba chamtambo. © Opiola Jerzy

Kuswana kwa Honeysuckle

Honeysuckle imatha kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu ndi masamba njira.

Njira yothandiza kwambiri odulidwa obiriwira. Pambuyo pa maluwa kapena pakawonekera zipatso zoyambirira kuchokera kumiphukira yamphamvu pachaka cha chaka chino, zodulidwa zimadulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito gawo loyambira. Phula lomwe limakhala ndi kutalika kwa 8-12 cm liyenera kukhala ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu ndi masamba azitali pamwamba. Dulani zodulidwa zimathandizidwa ndi zopukusa zomwe zimapanga. Kusakaniza kwa dothi kumakonzedwa kuchokera ku peat ndi mchenga pazotsatira za 1: 3. Zodulidwa zimabzalidwa mosamala monga momwe zimapangidwira 5x5 masentimita mu malo wamba obiriwira m'minda kapena malo obiriwira. Ndikofunikira kukhalabe chinyezi chokwanira cha gawo lapansi komanso mpweya (mpaka 85%) ndi kutentha kwa 20-25 ° C. Ndiye kuti chinyezi chiziphwera pang'ono, filimuyo imakhala yamithunzi. M'mikhalidwe yotere, pakatha milungu iwiri kapena iwiri ndi theka, mizu imapangika mu zodulidwazo, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala idzapangidwa mokwanira ndipo kenako ikabzalidwe chifukwa chomera m'mundamo.

Ndikofunikira kufalitsa mbewu zazing'ono ndi nthambi zapansi. yopingasa. Chakumapeto kwa Epulo - kumayambiriro kwa Meyi, mphukira zapachaka zimagwada pansi ndikutsina pamwamba pawo, kenako ndikudontha ndi lonyowa lapansi kapena humus. Ndipo nthawi yakula, dothi limakhala lonyowa. Pofika nthawi yophukira, mizu imadulidwa pamadulidwe - mbewuzo zimalekanitsidwa ndikuziika.

Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito kugawa tchire. Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yophukira kapena yophukira, masamba atagwa, masamba azaka 3-5 okhala ndi korona wotayirira amakumbidwa ndikugawa magawo awiri kapena atatu

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Honeysuckle aphid

Zomera za m'mapapo zimapezeka ngati mphukira zazing'ono, masamba amasanduka achikasu kwathunthu kapena mawanga, kapena kupindana kapena kumaso. Mphutsi za mandimu achikasu zimasamukira kumbewu, ndipo kumapeto zimabweranso ndi kuyikira mazira achisanu. Kuchokera pa honeysuckle apical aphid, masamba apical amawerama pakati, kupindika ndikufa, kukula kwa mphukira kumayima.

M'chilimwe, amatsanulidwa ndi infusions wa adyo, fodya, tsabola. Chithandizo cham'mawa choyambirira ndichothandiza kwambiri ndi 0,2% actellic, Hornhorn, confidor, "Aktara", "Eleksar" kukonzekera.

Mafunso ofanana ndi Honeysuckle

Nkhupakupa zimagwira bwino malo okhala chinyezi, makamaka m'minda yothinitsidwa komanso yokutidwa. Honeysuckle amakhudzidwa ndi mitundu ingapo ya nkhupakupa. Ngati "masamba" opanda mawonekedwe awoneka pamphepete mwa masamba, ndipo kumapeto kwa chilimwe masamba onse pachitsamba amakhala otuwa, owuma komanso azipindika, ndiye izi zimayamba chifukwa cha ma microscopic honeysuckle rhinaphytoptus.

Kuchokera kuvulala ndi nyere ya honeysuckle, m'mphepete mwa masamba amatsuka, masamba amagwa msanga. Zomera zosafooka, kumtunda kwa masamba kumakutidwa ndi fungo la sooty mwanjira yakuda. Ndikofunika kuwonda malo okhuthala, kuthandizira ndi acaricides (omait, tedion, Mauritius), ndipo kumapeto kwa mwezi wa Juni ndikumasewera wa 0.257 wazaka, rotor, confidor.

Chotchinga

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tono, tomwe timakutidwa ndi chikopa pamwamba, timalumikizidwa ndi khungwa ndikuyamwa madziwo kuchokera kunthambi ndi mphukira. Acacia pseudoscutis, apple comma, ndi msondodzi wa scow ndizosangalatsa kwambiri ndipo zimatha kupha mbewu. Kulimbana - kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuthengo la honeysuckle kumapeto kwa mwezi wa June - Julayi ndikudalirana kwa masiku 10-15 ndi nyanga kapena masewera. Nthambi zomwe woyesayo adakhazikika pamtenthedwe wamlengalenga pamwamba pa 0 ° C amathira kudzazidwa ndi palafini.

Tizilombo todya masamba

Mitundu ingapo ya tizilombo timadya masamba a honeysuckle, popanda kuwononga kwambiri, koma kuchepetsa zitsamba zokongoletsera. Khungubwe la mbalame yam'madzi yotchedwa honeysuckle imatha kudya mabowo osiyanasiyana. Amphaka amphaka amachotsa minyewa ya tsamba, osangokhudza petiole ndi mitsempha yayikulu. Popeza tizirombo tating'onoting'ono ta honeysuckle ndi ochepa, amawachotsera pamakina, kutola ndi dzanja. Ngati masamba opindika amawonekera pakaphukira kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, izi ndi zotsatira za moyo wa tsamba la currant kapena duwa. Zidutswa zazitali zazifupi zimapangidwa ndi mphutsi za mchere wa honeysuckle ndi honeysuckle moth-mottled. Sawlogs, moths, ndi nsikidzi zokolola zimakhazikika pamasamba. Munthawi ya kutuluka kwa tizirombo, kukonzekera kwa 0,05%, Inta-Vir, ndi Eleksar kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Honeysuckle Chala

Chingwe cha mbewa yabwinobwino chimadya pamimba yazipatso ndi mbewu. Chifukwa chaichi, zipatso zosapsa zimadetsedwa, kunong'ona ndi kuwonongeka. Mankhwala "Inta-Vir", infusions wa phwetekere ndi mbatata.

Ma Honeysuckles okhala ndi zipatso zotheka sayenera kuthiridwa mankhwala atizilombo koyambirira kwa June mpaka mbewu itakololedwa kwathunthu.

Matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi

Ndi chinyezi chowonjezereka, malo oyenera amapangidwira kuti awoneke osiyanasiyana mawanga pamasamba a honeysuckle, pomwe amapangika ndipo pang'onopang'ono amauma. Ndi ramulariosis, mawanga a bulauni amawoneka; cercosporosis - ozungulira bulauni mawanga akutha ndi nthawi. Mu zaka zina, ufa wa poda wokhala ndi duwa loyera umachitika, makamaka pansi pa masamba. Kumayambiriro kasupe kupopera tchire ndi 0,2% fundozole, madzi a mkuwa (100 g amkuwa sulfate mu 10 l madzi). Kuchokera pa powdery mildew - Kukonzekera kwa topazi, 0,57-ounce njira ya phulusa la koloko, kupukutidwa ndi sulufule wa colloidal kapena phulusa.

Phytoviruses

Ma virus a mbatata ndi zithunzi za nkhaka, zofalitsa kwambiri pazikhalidwe zambiri, zimatha kukhudza zaka zingapo. Masamba obiriwira owoneka bwino ndi mottling amawoneka pamasamba oyandikira mitsempha yapakati. Mitundu ina yabwino, monga momwe zimakhalira kwina, kachilombo ka ntchofu wa rezha wokhala ndi chithunzi choyera cha chikaso pamtengo.

Kusunga luso lalitali kwambiri komanso kupezeka kwa zinthu zofunikira kubzala ndiye njira zazikulu zowongolera. Tchire lomwe linali ndi kachilombo limakumba ndi kuwotchedwa.