Nthawi zambiri zimanenedwa za ma fern kuti iwo, monga mitengo ya kanjedza, mosiyana ndi inzake. Koma ngati mutayang'anitsitsa awa okonda zachilengedwe okhala ndi Wii yapamwamba kwambiri, mutha kupeza mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, akulu, komanso mawonekedwe. Imodzi mwapadera kwambiri - fodyamu - adatchuka ngati soloist wamkulu wopanga masamba. Chomera ichi sichiri ndi zokongola zokha, koma ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka. Ma Ligodiums amaphatikiza kukongola kosema kwa ferns ndi mphukira zopindika ndi kuwunika kwatsopano kukuwoneka bwino kwa zipinda.
Japan Ligodium (Lygodium japonicum).
- Ligodium kuthirira komanso chinyezi
- Mavalidwe apamwamba ndi kapangidwe ka feteleza wa ligodium
- Kudulira ndi kuwumba ligodium
- Kuphatikiza kwa ligodium ndi gawo lapansi
Ferns yosinthika kwambiri - ligodium
Ma ligodiums onse ndi ma fern wokhazikika omwe amatha kukhala ngati mipesa, komabe kuphatikiza koteroko kumatha kuwoneka. Mwachilengedwe, ma ligodiums amapezeka ku South-East Asia.
Ma Ligodiums ndi oimira banja limodzi Ligodiya (Lygodiaceae). Mwachilengedwe, mutha kupeza oimira pafupifupi khumi ndi awiri a mtundu wa Ligodiums, koma ndi mtundu umodzi wokha womwe wavomerezeka mu maluwa. Mtsogoleri weniweni pakati pa ma ligodiums mu floriculture wam'nyumba ndi Japan ligodium - wowala, wosinthika komanso wodabwitsa m'njira zonse fern.
Ligodium Japanese (Lygodium japonicum- - yayikulu, yopanda kupindika patali fern mu kukula mitundu ndi kukula mwayi. Kutalika kwa wai wa Ligodium sikochepa, amatha kusiya kukula ndi 50 cm, koma nthawi zambiri amakula kwambiri. Ligodium ingabzalidwe mukulumikizana kapena kuumbika mwa njira, yopangika pa chithandizo - kwenikweni, ngati mpesa wina uliwonse wamkati wosakhala wophatikizika kwambiri. Ma Ampel ligodiums amafanana ndi mapangidwe abwinobwino obiriwira kapena mapesi amtambo wobiriwira. Mizu yachilengedwe ndiyamphamvu kwambiri. Ma ligodiums amapanga mitundu iwiri ya vai: chosabala, chosemedwa, chocheperako komanso chachifupi, komanso theka la mita yosenda bwino ya vei yokhala ndi gawo lalikulu lozungulira. Zabwino kwambiri, zomwe zimagawika magawo, zomwe zimafanana ndi pang'ono pang'ono chifukwa cha m'mphepete mwa nkhanu, zimapangitsa masamba a ligodium kukongoletsa mosasamala. Palibe chovuta kuganizira kapangidwe ka masamba ake. Chomera chonse chikuwoneka kuti ndichopendekera mosalekeza, ndichopanga zambiri zovuta.
Ma Ligodiums ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kutengera mtundu wake ndi kuwunikira, amatha kusunga mtundu wowoneka bwino kapena wobiriwira, kapena kuyimira fern yamdima. Koma mthunzi wobiriwira m'magodiamu nthawi zonse umakhala wokopa, wochokera ku nkhalango.
Japan Ligodium (Lygodium japonicum).
Chipinda cha ligodium
Ma Ligodiums ndi ferns paliponse m'njira iliyonse. Kuchokera pamalingaliro osokonekera, amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakupanga pafupifupi chipinda chilichonse, mosasamala kanthu momwe amagwirira ntchito. Ndiwabwino maofesi ndi zipinda zogona, azikhala mu gulu lagreen kapena wamba. Koma ndi kusunthika kotere, chinthu chimodzi chofunikira kwambiri chiyenera kukumbukiridwa: ligogia imafunikira chinyezi chambiri kapena chakwera kwambiri. Koma kumbali inayo, kuzizira kwawo komwe amakonda kumapezeka nthawi zambiri sapezeka kunyumba, koma m'malo maofesi. Ino si chipinda Spartan, koma chomera chosowa, chomwe muyenera kusankha momwe zinthu ziliri. Ndipo ndikofunikira kuzigwiritsa ntchito m'maofesi kapena m'zipinda wamba pokhapokha ngati zofunikira za ligodia zikakwaniritsidwa.
Ma ferns apadera apadera amatha kulimbikitsidwa kwa akatswiri odziwa zamaluwa. Zowonadi sizongonena kuti ma ligodia amafunikira mikhalidwe yina. Zosadabwitsa zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri pakupanga mbeu, muyenera kuzindikira zolemba zawo zathanzi ndikusintha nthawi yake. Ndipo chisamaliro choyenera, muyenera osadziwa pang'ono zosamalirira zotuluka m'chipinda.
Kuyatsa ndi kuyika kwa ligodium
Ngakhale ali a ferns, ligodium ndi yotsika poyerekeza ndi abale ake pakuvomerezanso mthunzi. Amakonda, ngakhale si malo owoneka ndi dzuwa, koma kuyatsa kowala kwambiri. Kuwala kosakwanira kumayambitsa kukula, kufalikira ndi kuwonongeka kwa masamba, koma muzipinda zokhala ndi mazenera akuluakulu mungayesere kuyika mawonekedwe a ligodium ndi pang'ono. Kupumula, ngati boma lotsogolera kutentha likuwonetsedwa, ligodium safuna kuwunikira kowonjezereka, koma kusamukira kumalo owala sikungavulaze.
Izi fern imamverera bwino kum'mawa, kumadzulo ndi kumpoto kwa mawindo kapena mkati, kutengera kuwala kofananira. Mukamasankha malo a ligodium, lingalirani kukula kwomwe mbewuyo idzafikire ndi mtundu womwe udasankhidwa. Fern ngati wakula mtanga wokwanira, ndiye kuti adzafunika malo ambiri. Koma, mwachidziwitso, ngakhale ma ligodiums opangidwa pazothandizira amawoneka bwino podzipatula. Zomera zimawululidwa pamtunda wina kuchokera kuzomera zina: zitatha izi, amadyera ake ndi apadera kwambiri kotero ndibwino kuti mutsimikizire ndi gawo limodzi.
Kutentha ndi mpweya wabwino womwe umafunikira ndi ligodium
Malo abwino kwambiri okhala ndi ligodium ndi malo abwino. Fern iyi imakonda kutentha kwa madigiri pafupifupi 16-18 ndipo samayankha kutentha, ngakhale chinyezi cha mlengalenga chikuwongoleredwa kapena kuwonjezeka. Munthawi yakukula kwa ligodium, malinga ndi chinyezi chambiri, kutentha kwa chipinda chotentha kumakhalanso koyenera - kuchokera 20 madigiri mpaka okwera, koma ndibwino kuchepetsa kutentha kwakukulu mpaka madigiri 25. M'nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kuchepetsa kutentha mpaka madigiri 16 Celsius, kupewa kwambiri hypothermia.
Chimodzi mwamaubwino apadera a ligodium ndi kukana kwake kukonzekera. Chomera sichimawopa kutuluka kwa mpweya panthawi yamkokomo, pokhapokha ngati pali kusiyana kwambiri kwa kutentha. Kuchokera pazakudya zozizira, komanso kuchokera ku hypothermia, mmera uyenera kutetezedwa.
Japan Ligodium (Lygodium japonicum).
Kusamalira Ligodium kunyumba
Ligodium imawonedwa ngati zovuta pakusamalira mbewu. Fern uyu samakhululuka zolakwa, amakhala wokonda kutaya zokongoletsa ndipo amafunika kutsirira pafupipafupi. Muyenera kuwongolera zidziwitso za chinyezi cha mpweya ndikuyandikira mosamala mavalidwe apamwamba, koma chinyezi ndichofunikira kwambiri pakulima kwa mbewuyi.
Chofunika kwambiri cha chisamaliro cha Ligodium ndikuwunika pafupipafupi. Masamba a chomera amayenera kuwunikidwa sabata iliyonse, kulabadira zosintha zina zilizonse - kuchokera ku mtundu mpaka mawonekedwe a zovuta zamavutidwe ndi kakulidwe. Mayeso okhazikika nthawi zonse ndi omwe angathandizire kuzindikira mavuto poyambirira ndikuwathetsa popanda kuyesetsa kwambiri.
Nthawi yonse yogona mchipinda mu ligodiums, ngakhale abale, koma zikuwonekeratu. Chifukwa chakuchepa kwa magetsi kuyambira Novembala mpaka Marichi, mbewuyo imasiya kukula ndikukula.
Ligodium kuthirira komanso chinyezi
Kulondola komanso kudziletsa ndikofunika kuti muchite kuthirira ligodium. Zomera, ndikofunikira kukhalabe chinyezi chadothi chokhachokha, kupewa kuterera kapena kuyanika konse pansi, ngakhale pakati. Musanagwiritse ntchito njira iliyonse, muyenera kulola kuti dothi la mtunda lume. Munthawi yokhala matalala, gawo lapansi limaphwanyidwa kawiri ndipo, nthawi yake, madzi pakati amawonjezeka. Koma ngakhale nthawi yozizira, ndizosatheka kupukuta gawo lapansi.
Kwa ma ligodiums, madzi a kutentha ofanana ndi mpweya m'chipindacho amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo nthawi zonse amatetezedwa komanso zofewa.
Kwa ma ligodiums, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale chinyezi chambiri kapena chapakatikati. Mtengo wotsikirapo wazizindikiro ndi 60%. Fern imayamba bwino pakukhazikitsa ma humidifiers - zida zonse za mafakitale ndi zida zaluso mwanjira ya mbale kapena ma pallets. Sizingatheke kuyendetsa ndi kupopera mankhwalawa kamodzi pamalopo, koma ngati chipindacho chili ndi zisonyezo zanyengo zambiri, ndiye kuti kukhazikitsa chinyontho kumatha kulowa m'malo mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse. Poika ma ligodium, ndikofunikira kupewa oyandikana ndi magetsi ndi magetsi.
Mavalidwe apamwamba ndi kapangidwe ka feteleza wa ligodium
Ma ligodiums safuna kudya pafupipafupi. Kwa iwo, feteleza angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi pafupipafupi nthawi 1 m'masabata 2-3, koma kuchuluka kwa feteleza kuyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi theka poyerekeza ndi malingaliro a wopanga. Pakupuma, kudyetsa sikumachitika.
Kwa ma ligodiums, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza osafunikira okha, komanso feteleza wachilengedwe wamba wazomera zam'mimba.
Kudulira ndi kuwumba ligodium
Kudulira ferns chotere sikufunika. Njira zonse zimachepetsedwa ndikuchotsa ziwalo zowuma kapena zowonongeka, zomwe zimachitika ndikofunikira kapena nthawi yachisanu ikatha.
Ma ligodiums safunikira kuti angokule kokha ngati chomera chokulirapo, fern uyu amakula bwino pothandizidwa, ligodium ingapangike pamtunda uliwonse kapena pamunsi. Kuyambira pamakwerero osavuta kupita kumapeto kwa mipesa yamaluwa. Njira yotchuka ndikukhazikitsa "singano zopota" zopatukana paulendo uliwonse, zomwe zimapatsa mbewuzo ngati zosefera ndipo zimasandutsa miyala kukhala nyerere. Mwakutero, nthawi zambiri zimawoneka zogulitsidwa, koma posankha njira yomwe ingatheke, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ndizowoneka bwino kuti zidziwitse kukongola kwa mtundu uwu wa ferns pomwe chomera chimapatsidwa ufulu wokwanira. Mangani mphukira ndi twine zofewa, kapena tawulo.
Kuphatikiza kwa ligodium ndi gawo lapansi
Kwa ma ligodiums, muli ziwiya zokhazikika. Mlingo wa kutalika ndi m'mimba mwake wamphikawo uyenera kukhala wofanana, kapena kutalika kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu. Mukamasankha zida za ampel, ndikofunikira kukhala pamabasiketi wamba, apakatikati, opindika.
Fern iyi ikufunika ndikusintha kosowa. Imachitika pokhapokha mbewu ikadziwa bwino danga lonse la poto ndipo mizu yake imawoneka kuchokera m'maenje okuya. Nthawi zambiri ma ligodiums amawokedwa kamodzi pa zaka 2-4, kutengera zaka zamera ndi kukula.
Kwa ma ligodiums, mutha kusankha osakaniza dothi labwino ngati ferns. Zonsezi zogulika komanso zosakanikirana pang'ono za asidi zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chokwanira komanso kupuma kwambiri ndizoyenera. Udzu wabwino kwambiri umachokera pa 5.0 mpaka 6.0 pH. Ngati mukusakaniza dothi nokha, ndibwino kuphatikiza magawo awiri a nthaka yanthaka ndi gawo limodzi la tsamba ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga. Ndikofunika kuphatikiza zowuma za sphagnum kapena zowonjezera zina zakumunda.
Mukaziika pansi pa thankiyo, madziwo ayenera kuyikika. Thumba lonyowa kwambiri lidzapulumutsidwa mukamazichita, ndibwino.
Japan Ligodium (Lygodium japonicum).
Matenda, tizirombo ndi mavuto akukula
Ligodiums imavutika kwambiri ndi tizirombo ta zomera zakunyumba kuposa matenda. Ma Scabies ndi kangaude mumakonda masamba a fern iyi, ndipo ndizovuta kwambiri kuthana nayo popanda kulandira mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Chifukwa chake, kuwunikira kosalekeza, kuonetsetsa kuti mavuto azindikirika kumayambiriro, ndiye gawo lofunikira kwambiri losamalira ma ligodiums.
Mavuto omwe amafala pakukula kwa ligodium:
- Malangizo a masamba amauma ndi kuthirira kosakwanira, kusinthasintha kwa chinyezi cha dothi kapena mowuma kwambiri;
- kudula masamba ndi kuyanika kwathunthu kwa gawo lapansi;
- Kutambasula, makina osowa a masamba pamene kuthirira kosayenera ndi chinyezi chochepa;
- kuyatsa kapena kuda khungu ndi kuwala kosakwanira komanso kusowa kwa mpweya wabwino.
Kubalana kwa Ligodium
Mbadwo watsopano wa ligodium ungapezeke kuchokera ku spores mwa kuwabzala mu lonyowa, pang'ono acidic wosakanizika ndi sphagnum ndikusunga malo otentha okhala ndi mpweya wambiri pamtundu wowonjezera kutentha ndi kutentha pang'ono. Mumkhalidwe wotere, spores imamera bwino, koma mbewu zomwe zimakula ndizovuta, chifukwa zimakhala zazing'ono, zosalimba komanso zofowoka.
Njira yosavuta kwambiri ndikugawa magulu akuluakulu. Pakupatsira kulikonse, tchire limatha kugawidwa pawiri, mochulukirapo, magawo atatu, ndikuchepetsa kukula kwa chomera choyambiriracho, ndikupeza ma accents angapo oyang'anira zipinda.
